Reviewer in

Professor Robert Havighurst - Identified eleven

developmental tasks associated with the adolescent transition.

1. The adolescent must adjust to a new physical sense of self.

Personal Development 2. The adolescent must adjust to new intellectual abilities.

3. The adolescent must adjust to increased cognitive demands

Personal Development - Looking inward and focusing on ways
to better yourself. Personal development increases your self-
awareness, your self-esteem, increases your skills, and fulfills
your aspirations.
The Johari Window
- a four-quadrant grid developed by American psychologists
Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham in 1966 at the University of
California Los Angeles.
- direct and useful to achieve self-awareness
at school.
4. The adolescent must develop expanded verbal skills.
5. The adolescent must develop a personal sense of identity.
6. The adolescent must establish adult vocational goals.
7. The adolescent must establish emotional and psychological
independence from his or her parents.
8. The adolescent must develop stable and productive peer
relationships.

9. The adolescent must learn to manage her or his sexuality.

10. The adolescent must adopt a personal value system.

11. The adolescent must develop increased impulse control and

behavioral maturity.

"Adolescence stage can be both exciting and challenging"

The changes happening to adolescent may bring expectations

from family, friends, school, and community. This may pressure
teens to perform and act as mandated by significant people
around them.

How do we get to know ourselves? You become stronger and wiser through never ending striving,
they emerge victorious as they learn that life is a never-ending
- Introspection or Self-analysis process of trial and error. Challenges serv e as tool to harness
patience, practice good judgment or right discernment.
- Keep a self-reflective journal

- Be self-aware
Factors affecting adolescents' problem
- Self-affirmation
Biopsychosocial

- Biological, psychological and social factors interact to produce

Middle Adolescence problems. (hereditary, emotional, poverty)
- Indicated by onset of new thinking skills and abstract Biological
reasoning.
- Malfunctioning of the body. Brain and genetic factors as cause
- Less concerned about physical changes. of problems.
- More on personal attractiveness. Psychological
- Peers play an important role. - Distorted thoughts, emotional, inappropriate learning, and
- Ability to date and attract partner. troubled relationships. Family and peer influences are
contributors to problems.
- Conflict with the family as the seek to establish a growing
hunger for independence. Social

- Frequency and intensity of problems vary across cultures

- Risk taking behaviors and seek pleasures.
linked to social, economic, technological, and religious.
- Oriented towards right and wrong.

- Preparation for adult roles.

Major Problems of Adolescents
- Sense of maturity and controlling impulsively.
Substance Abuse

- Drug use is very risky proposition

Late Adolescence
- Relationships, family relationships and peers are most
- Final preparation for adult roles. influenced by drug use and abuse.

- Future oriented - Drug becomes part of teens' life.

- Able to understand, plan and pursue long range goals. - Unrealistic and inaccurate decisions.

- Form career goals and establish sense of personal identity. Juvenile Delinquency

- Need for peer approval is reduced. - Socially undesirable behavior to status offenses.

- Psychologically independent from parents. - Authority conflict, lying, overact of aggression, negative
identity, cognitive distortions, low self-control, and low support
- Shift to adulthood is nearly complete. from others.

Angelika E. Onal Stem 206

Depression and Suicide - Deductive (general to specific)

- Higher rate of depression. - Music and Arts

- A mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness

and loss of interest.
Mind Mapping of the Left and Right Brain
- Treatment can be both drug therapy and psychotherapy.
Mind-mapping – Method of documenting which uses the right
Eating Disorders brain (creative hemisphere) to understand information

- Sudden overweight or underweight. Mind-mapping is easier to learn!

- Serious conditions related to persistent eating behaviors that Benefits:

negatively impact your health, your emotions, and your ability to
function in important areas of life - Quicker note-taking

- Highlights main ideas

STRESS - Promotes critical thinking

- State of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from

unpleasant or very demanding circumstances
“Productive Phase” of Critical Thinking
- an everyday reality of life
- uses the creative right brain to gather relevant information and
- can be a bad thing or good thing depending on one’s reaction produce new ideas
to it.

“Judgement Phase” of Critical Thinking

Eustress – A form of stress having a beneficial effect on health,
- uses the logical left brain to evaluate and make judgements on
motivation, performance, and well-being.
what the mind has produced
Distress – The type of stress we are referring to when we say
stress. It is the form of stress with negative implications

Two (2) Faces of Stress:

Eustress – Good/Positive Stress; transforms stress into

motivation.

Distress – Bad/Negative Stress; discourages and overwhelms.

Coping Strategies:

1. Exercise and eat regularly

2. Avoid excessive caffeine intake

3. Avoid harmful substances

4. Rehearse and practice situations that cause stress

5. Learn practical coping skills

6. Decrease NEGATIVE self-talk

7. Learn to feel good about doing a “good enough” job

8. Take a break!

9. Build a network of friends who help you positively cope.

Two Brain Hemispheres:

Left Brain

- Logical part of the mind

- Digital Brain

- Verbal

- Analytical

- Inductive (specific to general)

- Calculation and Writing

Right Brain

- Creative Part of the mind

- Analog Brain

- Visual

- Intuitive

Angelika E. Onal Stem 206