8

Art Education
Quarter 4 – Module 1
Festivals and Theater Arts in Asia

Government Property
NOT FOR SALE

i
 8
Art
Quarter 4 – Module 1
Festivals and Theater Arts of Asia

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

i
Art Education — Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 — Module 1: Festivals and Theater Arts of Asia
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the
payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City

Division Superintendent: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI
Development Team of the Module

Writer(s): Evelyn C. Abucejo

Reviewer(s): Sherwin A. Cuerdo, EPS I - MAPEH

Mary Lailane C. Pelenio

Illustrator(s):

Layout Artist: Joemar P. Valdevilla

Management Team

Chairperson: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI

Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairperson: Conniebel C. Nistal, PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Pablito B. Altubar, CID Chief

Members: Sherwin A. Cuerdo, EPS MAPEH

Himaya B. Sinatao, LRMS Manager
Jay Michael A. Calipusan, PDO II
Mercy M. Caharian, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City
Office Address: Brgy. 23, National Highway, Gingoog City
This page is intentionally blank
Telefax: 088-328-0108 / 088328-0118
E-mail Address: gingoog.city@deped.gov.ph

3
 8
ARTS EDUCATION
Quarter 4 – Module 1:
Festivals and Theater Arts of Asia
 Table of Contents

What This Learning Package is About...................................................................................................i

What I Need to Know...................................................................................................................................i
How to Learn from this Learning Package........................................................................................... ii
Icons of this Learning Package...............................................................................................................iii

What I Know................................................................................................................................................. iii

Lesson 1:
Asian Theater Arts
What I Need to Know...........................................................................................1
What’s New
Activity 1: My Memory ................................................................ 1
What Is It............................................................................................................... 2
What’s More
Activity 2: Check the Elements .......................................................8
What Is It .............................................................................................................. 8
What’s More
Activity 3: Compare and Contrast ...................................................15
What’s New …...................................................................................................... 15
What I Have Learned...........................................................................................18
What I Can Do...................................................................................................... 18

Lesson 2:
Asian Festival
What’s In............................................................................................................... 19
What’s New......................................................................................................... ...19
What Is It ............................................................................................................ 19
What’s More
Activity 1: Fill in the Information ..................................................... 26
Activity 2: Creative Presentation ...................................................... 27
What I Have Learned …………………………………………………………. 27
What I Can Do
Activity 3: Dress Me Up ..................................................................... 28

Summary ....................................................................................................................... 30
Assessment: (Post-Test) ..............................................................................................34
Key to Answers........................................................................................................................................36
References …………………………………………………………………………………………… 37
This page is intentionally blank
What This Module is About
In this module, the learner will study and learn the basic concepts, elements and
principles of festivals and theater forms of Asia. He/She will discover the people, history,
culture, and traditions of the specific Asian country through reading, watching and
performing the different Asian Festivals and theater forms.

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, the learner should be able to:

1. Identifies selected festivals and theatrical forms celebrated all over Asian region;
2. Researches on the history of the festival and theatrical forms and its evolution, and
describe how community participates and contributes to the event;
3. Discusses the elements and principles of arts as seen in Philippine Festivals;
4. Identifies the elements and principles of arts as manifested in Asian festivals and
theatrical forms;
5. Through a visual presentation, explains what make each of the Asian Festivals and
Theatrical forms unique;
6. Designs the visual elements and components of the selected festival or theatrical
form through costumes, props, etc;
7. Analyzes the uniqueness of each group’s performance of their selected festival or
theatrical form;
8. Shows the relationship of the selected Asian festival and the festival in the
Philippines in terms of form and reason for holding the celebration;
9. Choreographs the movements and gestures reflecting the mood of the selected
festival/theatrical form of Asia; and
10. Improvises accompanying sound and rhythm of the selected festival/theatrical form of
Asia.

i
How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:

• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

ii
 What I Know
Pre-Test:

I. True or False:

Direction: Write True if the statement is correct, and write False is the statement is incorrect.

1. The friendly throwing of water during the Songkran Festival symbolizes its spring-
cleaning aspect
2. Kodo means “children of the drum”.
3. Peking Opera is known today as Beijing Opera.
4. A group of 10 to 12 actors perform the Saang in an open-air theater, where the stage
is surrounded by the audience.
5. Dewali is also known as the Moon Festival.
6. Kabuki is a form of classical Japanese theater that evolved in the early 11th century.
7. Cai luong, is a mixture of Asian popular Vietnamese folk music, and French comedy.
8. Most presentations of Ache Lhamo are about legendary heroes who show that the
virtues of Buddhism can defeat evil.
9. The komedya is sometimes called the moro-moro.
10. Nang was one form of public entertainment in the south of Thailand.
II. Matching Type: Match each item in column A with an item in column B. Write
the letter only.

Column A Column B
1. The Thai version of Ramayana A. Holi
2. Shadow puppet of Indonesia B. Lakhon Bassac
3. The Iranian New Year C. Ramakien
4. A religious epic theater in West D. Wayang Kulit
Asia E. Nowruz
5. One of the most popular folk F. Ta’ziyeh
theatrical forms in Cambodia. G. Noh
6. Japan’s oldest form of musical H. Diwali
theater I. Loi Krathong
7. Festival of Colors J. Dragon Dance
8. India’s Festival of Lights K. Taiko Drum Festival
9. Thailand’s Lantern Festival
10. A form of traditional dance and
performance in Chinese culture

iii
 Lesson Asian Theater Arts
1
What I Need to Know

Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers,
typically actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a
live audience in a specific place, often a stage. It is also called a stage play.
Asian Theater arts are live performances, with actors or puppets. It is a combination of
storytelling, music, mime, dance with the used of masks, makeup, props and costume,
scenery and script. Thus, it reflects the culture, religious beliefs, and lifestyle of a
country/community.

What’s New

A. Activity 1: My Memory
Recall the different Philippine Theater you’ve learned in your grade 7. Describe each
one.

Philippine Theater Description

1.
2.
3.
4.

1
 What Is It

Southeast Asian Theater

There is a variety of theatrical forms in Southeast Asia. This includes Cai luong, Khon,
Lakhon Bassac, Wayang Kulit, Nang, Zat Pwe and Komedya.

A. Cai Luong (Vietnam)

Cai luong, classified as “renovated theater” or reformed theater”, it is a mixture of Asian

popular theater, Vietnamese folk music and French comedy. This theater form from was first
performed in the early 1900s.

Two Types of Cai Luong

1. Cai Luong tuong co (the ancient form) – the

plot often revolves around historic and
legendry stories of Vietnam’s feudal system.
2. Cai Luong xa hoi (modern form) – commonly
tells the story of domestic and romantic
relationships in modern society.

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/199284352232760972 /

Both forms feature moral standards in the country. Cai Luong performers combine nostalgic
singing and spoken dialogue with music playing in background.

B. Khon (Thailand)

- A masked, stylized dance drama with roots

that can be traced back to the 16th century.
- This form of traditional theater evolved
alongside the national epic story and the
Thai version of Ramayana, which is the
Ramakien.

2
 - There is no dialogue in the khon; only a chorus tells the story on the side.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khon

- A sophisticated and graceful art form that combines dance drama, the khon features
formalized movements, colored papier-mache masks, and elaborate traditional
costumes.
- It is considered a “high art form” that was originally performed to entertain the Thai royal
family. Before, only men could stage the khon because it was so strenuous. Today,
female performers now take part in this theatrical art.

C. Nang Shadow Puppets

It was one form of public entertainment in the south of Thailand. It is still very popular at
festivals, temple fairs, and celebrations such as marriages. They are delicately colored, but
this does not show during a performance as the puppets appear only in shadow against a
white sheet, with light shining through from behind. They are manipulated with rods that
control movements of the arms and legs. And usually performed during the country’s dry
season (February to August).

Performances have a religious theme or have an episode from the Ramayana epic which
contains dozens of individual stories.

They may also be specially written to

include up-to-date minute’s reflections
songs, and poems about local events
and matters of current interest in the
district or country.
There are hundreds of different
characters each with distinctive
shadow, but https://id.pinterest.com/pin/554505772845974071/

show will almost always include a clown, funny old man, scatter-brained old woman or rather
stupid yokel, who are all great favorites with the fun-loving audiences.

Mr. Suchart Sapsin – a man of many talents. He is not only an expert in the craft of
making puppets he is also an award-winning writer and poet. He is a narrator, speaking or
singing all the parts using different voices and he is a superb mimic.

Two Types of Nang

1. Nang Talung- is played with leather puppets, each representing a separate

character, about 50cm high. They usually movable, joined arm controlled by a string.

3
 2. Nang Yai- is normally made of cowhide rattan, a large, decorated scenes and
characters measuring around two meters high and a meter wide. They do not have
joined arms, but the themes and styles remain the same.

Nai Nang- teacher and presenter of the Nang Talung. It is the Nai Nang’s responsibility to
act as an intermediary between the community and the gods, thus the Nang and its
producers are highly respected and greatly entwined into Thailand’s culture fiber.

Nang recites tales of the gods and contemporary people through stories of love, current
events, and tradition. The shadow puppets used in Nang represent the norms and more of
Thai society. The Nang attempts to relay to the audience the importance of Thai values and
ideologies in a changing world, however, the mystical and historical events remain
fundamental in all performances. The association with karma and the underlying message
of rewards and punishments act as allegories for Buddhist morality and philosophy.

D. Lakhon Bassac ( Cambodia )

Lakhon Bassac (Bassac Opera) is one of the more popular folk theatrical forms in
Cambodia. It is characterized by the larger-than-life and comic movements that depict
specific scenes of early old Khmer literature, particularly the ones about the clash of good
and evil spirits. This animated and amusing form of
Khmer theater features dance, music, and melodrama,
with performers appearing in extravagant costumes.
Like other art forms, Lakhon Bassac nearly died during
the oppressive Khmer Rogue period. The art has
continued to thrive despite the murder of many of its
performers.

https://bit.ly/2OTtQGk

The Lakhon Bassac is not characterized by how the story goes. Story can be told by
other mean such as a movie producer could just take the story and shoot a movie out it. It
has the following main characteristics:

Costume: The male stars, usually the prince is wearing a costume sewing with very
complicate patterns. The costume and the crown are decorated with beautiful jewelries. His
weapon is an arch and bows or a stick.

Yeak: he/she always looks ugly. The Yeak is said to represent an evil spirit, a bad guy.
Music: a scene is always preluded with a sound of a drum and a melodic sound of a low-
pitch fiddle and a dulcimer

4
 Performance (Yeak): jumping up and down, turning around, and
waving his weapon according to the sound of a drum. He sings a
song too, but his voice is a yelling style as to scare people of.

Ta Eiysey and Ta Eiyso: Ta Eiysey is a master of the prince. Ta

Eiyso is a master of the Yeak. They both wear similar clothes and
live in a secluded Asrom (house).

. https://bit.ly/2OXmHop

Male yeak

Prince

https://bit.ly/2WVMf9X https://bit.ly/3f0fnTM

Ta Eisey

https://bit.ly/32UPlyL

E. Wayang Kulit ( Indonesia)

The Indonesian wayang kulit is one of the most well-known puppet theater arts in the
world. Wayang refer to kinds of puppet theaters, sometimes itself is referred to as wayang.
Kulit means skin, and refers to the leather construction of the puppets that are carefully
shaped with very fine tools and supported with carefully shaped buffalo horn handles and

5
control rods. Performances of shadow puppet theaters are accompanied by a Gamelan
orchestra in Java, and by Gender Wayang in
Bali. Wayang can be in form of wayang
golek (rod puppets), wayang klitik (flat wood
puppet), wayang orang (human puppets),
and wayang gedog (masked human
puppets).

The stories are usually drawn from the

Hindu epics:

1. Ramayana
2. Mahabharata
3. Serat Menak- a story about heroism of Amir Hamza

https://bit.ly/3eVQfxi

Wayang Kulit Performance- consist of sahdows cast on a cotton screen and an oil lamp.
The white screen symbolizes the universe where natives go on with their live. The screen’s
brighter side is a representation of the material world, and the darkest side symbolizes the
afterlife.

The oil lamp, called the blencong, often takes the shape of the mythical bird Garuda. The
lamp symbolizes the sun rays needed by all living things.

 In Java, most often used as a light source is a halogen electric light

 Wayang Sandosa has employed spot lights, colored lights and other innovation.

Elements of performance:

 The puppeteer – dhalang(Java) /dalang(Bali)

 A hammer used by the dalang to knock on the puppet box, Cempala metal plates
that the dalang hits with his foot, kepyak
 A traditional Indonesian orchestra- gamelan
 A light source- blencong
 Female singers and a male chorus
 A screen frame and a screen, gawang and kelir; the main focus of the performance
 Banana logs, degebog; the pointed sticks of wayang base handle pierce the peeled
trunk of a banana tree and the spongy substance holds the puppet in place
 A puppet box, kothak

6
F. Zat Pwe ( Myanmar)
Pwe is a broad Burmese term for performances that encompass classical dance, drama,
and musical opera. Zat pwe is the more popular type of this performance. This highly
stylized form combines dance, drama, and music
to form an exceptional theater art. It is perform
during the pagoda festival, featuring dancers,
acrobats, and comedians accompanied by
hswaing waing, which is a gong and percussion
ensemble. Zat pwe often adapts the stories of
the Buddhist Jataka. Some performances of zat
pwe also lifts stories of Burmese history.
Traditionally, it lasts the whole night.

https://bit.ly/300vfBt

G. Komedya (Philippines)
The Komedya, sometimes called the moro-moro, is a form of theater art in our country.
This long play, which often lasts for three nights, tells the story of the religious and political
conflicts between Christian and Muslim heroes. In the komedya, kings, princes, and dukes
engage in intense battle, with the Christian
always being triumphant in the end. The
performers parade, in magnificent costumes
and props, and they dramatize the story
using stylized acting. Komedya is often
presented during festivals, gaining the
patronage of the entire community.

http://paranaqu
ecity.gov.ph/events.php

7
 What’s More

Activity 2: Check the Elements

Direction: The different important aspects of a theater show are written in the table below.
Use the table as a guide for comparing the different elements of theater art forms of
Southeast Asia.
Basic Elements of Theater Art Forms

Theater Arts Music Performers Stage props Costumes Visual

Effects
Wayang kulit
Zat Pwe
Nang
Cai luong
Lakhon
Bassac
Khon
Komedya

What Is It

East Asian Theater

A. Peking Opera (China)
China is known for their traditional theater art form, the Peking Opera or Beijing Opera
which combines music, vocal
performances, dance, and
acrobatics. It started in the late 18 th
century and became fully developed
and recognized by the mid – 19th
century. During the Qing Dynasty
court, it became extremely popular

8
and came to be regarded s one of the cultural treasures of China.
https://bit.ly/2WYwUp1

Roles and Characters:

1. Sheng- the main male role in Peking Opera

a. Xiaosheng actors – often

involve with beautiful women by
virtue of the handsome and young
image they project.

https://bit.ly/2ZZxowV

b. Wusheng – is a martial
character for roles involving combat.
They are highly trained in acrobatics,
and have a natural voice when
singing.

9
 https://bit.ly/32TvbVJ

a. .

10
 c. Laosheng – a dignified older role,
these character have a gentle and
cultivated disposition, and wear sensible
costumes.

https://bit.ly/39s8RE5

2. Dan- refers to any female role in Peking Opera

a. Laodan – old
woman

https://bit.ly/30IuETY

b. Wudan – martial woman

11
 https://bit.ly/2OT8GIm

a.

c. Daomadan – are young female

warriors.

12
 https://bit.ly/3hEMRse

d. Qingyi – are virtuous and elite

women

https://bit.ly/32Ry5uh

e. Huadan – are vivacious and

unmarried women.

https://bit.ly/2DahXJj

3. Jing – a painted face male role who plays either primary or secondary roles. This type
of role entails a forceful character, which means that a jing actor must have a strong voice
and be able to exaggerate gestures.

13
 https://bit.ly/3hDh9vD

4. Chou- a male clown role. The Chou usually

plays secondary roles whose name also mean
“ugly”. It reflects the traditional belief that the
clown’s combination of ugliness and laughter
could drive away evil spirits.

https://bit.ly/39qOkQi

Visual Performance Elements:

Peking Opera performers utilize four skills.

1. Song
2. Speech
3. Dance-acting – this includes pure dance, pantomime, and all other types of dance
4. Combat – includes both acrobatics and fighting with all manner of weaponry.

Xiaohualian - (pretty painted face) a small patch of chalk on and around the nose. Clowns
of traditional drama who wears this special make up show a mean and secretive character.

Aesthetic Aims and Principles of Movements:

 The highest aim of performers in Peking opera is to put beauty into every motion.
 The art form, gestures, settings, music and character types are determined by long
held conventions
 Coventions of movements: - Walking in a large circle symbolizes traveling a long
distance ; Character- straightening his or her costume and headdress symbolizes
that an important character is about to speak; Pantomimic- opening and closing of
doors and mounting and descending of stairs.

14
*There are two kinds of makeup applied by the performers are masks and facial paintings.
There is special technique that involves the frequent onstage change of masks, called the
“changing faces”, that the audience barely notices.

B. Kabuki (Japan)

Kabuki is a form of traditional Japanese drama with highly stylized song, mime, and
dance, now performed only by male actors that evolved in Japan in the early 17 th century.
Japanese, originally as a verb meaning “act dissolutely”, later interpreted as ka- song, bu-
dance and ki- art/skill.

Kabuki Theater is known for the stylization of its drama and for the elaborate make up
worn by some of its performers called kumadori. Kabuki is therefore sometimes translated
as the “art of singing and dancing”. Since the word kabuki believed to be derive from the
verb kabubu, meaning “to lean” or “to be out of the ordinary”, kabuki can be “bizarre”
theater. The expression kabukimono referred originally to those who were bizarrely
dressed and paraded on the street.

Kabuki stage features:

 Hanamichi- a flower path, a walkway

which extends to the audience and via
which dramatic entrances and exits are
made; Okuni also perform in this stage
with her entourage.
 Kogakudo- kabuki treaters that have
stages both in front of the audience and
along the sides help create a bond
/between the actors and the viewers. https://musicalsonline.com/kabuki-theatre/

 Mawaro butal- the interior of the theater contains a revolving stage

 Suppon- a platform that rises from below the stage
 Hanamicho- a walkway that cuts through the audience setting area to connect the
stage with the back of the theater.
 Magicians and supernatural beings- often make their entrance from trap doors in
hanamachi
 Some stages have 17 trapdoors

15
Three main categories of Kabuki play:

 Jidai-mono- historical, or pre-sengoku periods story

 Sewa-mono- domestic, or post-Sengoku stories; focused primarily upon commoners
 Shosagoto- dance pieces

Elements of Kabuki:

 Mie- in which the actor holds a picturesque pose to establish his character and his
house name yago, is sometimes heard is a loud shout (kakegoe) fro expert
audience member, serving both to express and enhance the audience’s appreciation
of the actor’s achievement. An even greater compliment can be paid by shouting the
name of the actor’s father (Kesho).
 Two main categories of actors: Onna-gata- female roles and; Aragoto- male roles

The play occupies five acts:

 Jo, an auspicious and slow opening which introduces the audience to the
characters and the plot
 Ha, speeding events up, culminating almost always in a great moment of drama
 Tragedy in the third act and possibly a battle in the second and/or fourth acts
 Kyu, is almost always short, providing a quick and satisfying conclusion

Other Japanese theater forms:

 Noh – is Japan’s oldest form of musical theater. The story is told not just through
dialogue but also through other forms, such as utai (singing), hayashi (musical
accompaniment), and mai (dance). The Noh involves the use of slow movements,
poetic language, monotonous tones, and rich and heavy costumes. Narratives are
based on Japanese legends, history, literature, and contemporary events. The
characters in a Noh are played by male performers. The characters played the shite or
the leading character, the waki or the supporting actor, the hayashi or the musicians,
the juitai or the chorus, and the koken or the stage attendants. One feature of Noh is
that the leading actor, dressed in a colorful costume of embroidered silk, usually wears
a lacquered wooden mask. The mask can depict character such as an old man, a
young or old woman, a divine figure, a ghost, and a young boy. The audience is also
given sense of what character is being portrayed through mask.
 Kyogen- is a type of classical Japanese comic theater performed with highly stylized
actions and lines. It is staged between Noh performances, or as a comic relief from
more solemn or serious acts of Noh, although it is now sometimes performed in its own

16
 right. Unlike Noh performers, kyogen performers do not typically wear masks. Kyogen
also tends to attract commoners, whereas the Noh is popular among the elite.
 Bunrako- the Japanese puppet theater which became popular at the end of 16 th
century, is a kind of puppet theater. Bunraku is performed to the accompaniment of
narrative singing and music played on the shamisen ( a three-stringed instrument). The
Bunraku is known as one of the world’s most refined forms of puppet theater.

17
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noh https://bit.ly/32WK0XQ

What’s More

Activity 3: Compare and Contrast

Direction: Using the Venn diagram identify the differences and similarities of the theatrical
forms of the two Asian regions discussed previously.

Southeast East Asian

Asian Theater Similarities Theater Forms
Forms

What’s New

Direction: List down the countries in West, South, and Central Asia and write
things that associate or describe the country.

Country Distinct Features

18
South, West, and Central Asian Theater Arts
A. Bhand Pather
The word bhand originated from the Sanskrit band, which means “imitation or comical
behavior”. This word is found in many languages in the northern part of India. Bhands today
refer to the folk performers of India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh. This traditional
performing group includes actors, storytellers, impressionists, minstrels, and dancers.

Bhand Pather is a theatrical form from Kashmir, which is located of the Himalayas. It is
perhaps the oldest theatrical form in the
Indian subcontinent. Bhand Pather depicts
stories of reshis (Islamic sages) in
mythological legends. More modern figures
(real or fictional) are also portrayed. Often,
the pather (storyline) is satirical and
humorous. Overall, faece is crucial
component of Bhand Pather.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhand

B. Saang
The Saang is a form of folk dance drama performed specifically in Madhya, Pradesh,
Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and Rajasthan in India. This folk dance drama incorporates
theatrics and naqal (mimicry), which go with
dialogues and songs. The Saang is more
focused on dialogue than on gestures and
movement. It is often draws materials from
folk tales, Indian mythology, morality
themes, and lives of inspiring figures. It also
tackles themes such as literacy and
education, health, and hygiene.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saang
A group of 10 to 12 actors performed the Saang in an open-air theater, where the stage
is surrounded by the audience. Unlike in modern drama, the stage of Saang does not have
ornate arrangements. There are no curtains and rooms or backstage areas where

19
performers can change costumes or put on makeup. They perform only on a wooden
platform. All they need is skill and stamina, as the performance often lasts up to six hours.

C. Ache Lhamo
Ache Lhamo is a Buddhist morality play that developed in Central Asia. Buddhist
canonical literature, historical accounts,
folktales, and mythologist are also rich
materials for stories of this play. Most
presentations of Ache Lhamo are about
legendary heroes who show that the virtues
of Buddhism can defeat evil. Some scholars
claim that such a morality play derived from
Indian theater. According to Tibetan tradition,
however, the first performance of Ache
Lhamo was produced by Thang-stong rgyal-
po, a well- known 15th century bridge builder.

https://xruanblog.wordpress.com/2017/04/30/ache-lhamo/

D. Ta’ziyeh
Ta’ziyeh, a religious epic theater, is still staged in many areas in West Asia with huge
Shi’a Muslim population, such as Iraq, Iran, Bahrain, and southern Lebanon. It derives from
the root word aza, which means “mourning”. In reference to Persian culture, Ta’ziyeh is a
form of “condolence theater” that depicts religious and historical events.

In Iranian Shiism, ta’ziyeh is a type of passion play. Many villagers and small towns have
built hoseinieh, which are building
specifically for mounting rituals. In Iran,
ta’ziyeh is performed by both

professional groups of actors and

amateur villagers. Many participants do
not consider it a form of theater, but as a

20
part of the observance of mourning. Despite this characteristic, ta’ziyeh exhibits a number of
theatrical conventions.
https://bit.ly/2OSOC98

What I Have Learned

Generalization
1. Among all the theater forms that were discussed in this module, which one do you
like best? Why?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. Have you seen theater art performance? Where? Give some observations.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. What values/attitudes/skills of the discussed theater arts do you like to acquire?
Why?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

What Can I Do
Let’s make some research!

Research other Asian theater forms. Know the history of the theater form and its
evolution. And describe how the community participates and contributes to the event.
Share your work in the class.
Rubrics:

Criteria Very good Good Average Needs Score

15 pts 10pts 5pts Improvement
2pts
Presentation Work was Work was Work was Work was
presented presented presented presented in
in an in an in disorderly
orderly almost somewhat manner
manner orderly orderly
manner manner
Explanation Explained Explained Missed Did not
the topics the topic some topic explain the
thoroughl well to explain topic

21
 y

Lesson Asian Festivals

2
What’s In

In the previous lesson, we discussed the different popular theatrical forms of Asia.
The elements that comprises the theater forms. Every theater form in Asian regions
may look different but they are closely related. They developed from similar cultural
and historical setting, so they share many characteristics. The Asian theater form
reflects the identity of the people in the region.
In this lesson we will discuss the different festivals in Asia. We will tackle how
every celebration are the same and differ each other in every Asian region.

What’s New
List down all festival celebrations you know in your region. Use the table below.

Name of Festival Place of Origin Month Celebrated

22
 What is It

The above activity shows the previous knowledge of the learner on festival
celebrations. Through this, the learner will distinguish the characteristics of festivals in every
Asian region.

Southeast Asian Festivals

A. Sky Lantern Festival (Thailand)
The Sky Lantern is held not just in the country but also in China, Taiwan, and other
neighboring countries. This event is about
the launching of lanterns which are actually
small hot air balloons. Each release of a sky
lantern is a petition, small prayer or good
wishes of the person who released the
lantern. This event is held on the full moon of
the 12th month in the traditional Thai lunar
calendar. In the Western calendar this is
usually falls in November.

https://bit.ly/2Bw86NL

Other Festivals Celebrated in Thailand:

a. Loy Krathong or Loi Krathong – Loi/Loy literal meaning means “to float”, while
krathong refers to the lotus-shaped receptacle which can float on the water. Originally, the
krathong was made of banana leaves or the layer of the trunk of a bana tree or a spider lily
plant. The Festival is believed to originate in an ancient practice of paying respect to the
spirit of the water. The tradition is said to have begun in the 13 th century when a young
queen made a small boat adorned with candles and sent it down the river. It is a ritual
honoring Phra Mae Kongka, the
goddess of water. The construction
of colorful boats was a way of not
only giving thanks for the abundance
of water but also a way to seek
forgiveness for overuse and
pollution. The event takes place on
the evening of the full moon of the

23
12th month in the traditional Thai lunar calendar which falls on November in western
calendar. https://bit.ly/2DakuTP

b. Songkran Festival – One of the Thailand’s well-known cultural festivals, is a celebration

of the Buddhist New Year. Beginning in April,
the festival is when revelers go to Thailnd’s
major streets and engage in the biggest
“friendly” water fight in the world. This
friendly throwing of water, which symbolizes
Songkran’s spring-cleaning aspect, is also
considered a means to pay respect to others.
Traditionally, the rubbing of talc or chalk is
also practiced by monks for blessing.
https://bit.ly/3g4ohRl

B. Thaipusan Festival (Malaysia and Singapore)

The festival is held in January or February by Hindu devotees in many parts of the world.
This festival has the strongest following among Malaysians and Singaporeans. While the
Thaipusan Festival is the time when men give thanks for all answered prayers, this is not for
the squeamish as male festival participants carry kavadis, which are steel racks attached to
the bloody. It is a demonstration of how devoted Hindus are to Lord Murugan. Pierced
devotees, believed that the practice of
skin piercing cleanses their souls of sins.
In Malaysia, the festival is centered onC
the Batu Cave, where the world’s largest
statue of Lord Murugan can be found. In
Singapore, participants walk from Sri
Srinivasa Temple all the way to Sri
Thendayuthapani Temple.

https://bit.ly/3g17E9l

C. Waisak Festival (Indonesia)

This is the most sacred day in Buddhism as it celebrates the birth of Buddha and his
enlightenment, as well as his attainment of nirvana. This festival is celebrated in many

24
Buddhist countries around the world, but the one in Borobudur in Java, Indonesia is perhaps
the most remarkable. Borobudur, one of the region’s most renowned cultural sites, has the
largest Buddhist temple in the world. One of the highlights is the procession of monks from
Mendut to Pawon, and to Borobudur. Pilgrims light candles and offer flowers as the full
moon rises, then they pray and chant.

https://latitudes.nu/vesa-waisak/

D. Balinese Dance Festival- Balinese dances are a very ancient dance tradition that is a
part of the religious and artistic expression among Balinese people. In Hinduism, Dance is
an accompaniment to the perpetual dissolving and reforming of the world. The creative and
productive balance is often personified as Shiva’s wife, Durga, sometime called Uma,
Parvati, or Kali. This has significance in
Balinese Hinduism, since the common
figure of Rangla is similar in many ways to
Durga. There are various categories of
dance, including epic performances such
as the universal Mahabharata and
Ramayana. The articulations in the face,
eyes, hands, arms, hips, and feet are
coordinated to reflect layers of percussive
sounds.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balinese_dance

East Asian Festival

A. Chinese Festival
a. Chinese New Year is the longest and most important festivity in the Chinese calendar.
The origin of Chinese New Year is itself centuries old and gains significance because of

25
several myths and traditions. Chinese New Year is also known as “Spring Festival’, the
literal translation of the Chinese name Chunjie, since the spring season in Chinese calendar
starts with lichun, the first letter solar term in a Chinese calendar year. The festival begins
on the first day of the month in the traditional Chinese alendar and ends with the Lantern
Festival which is on the 15th day.

b. Dragon Dance- a form of traditional dance and performance in Chinese culture. It is

the highlight of Chinese New Year celebration held worldwide in Chinatowns around the
world. The dragon symbolizes power, strength, and good luck. The dance team mimics the
supposed movements of this river spirit in a
flowing, rise and fall manner. The
movements in performance traditionally
symbolize historical roles of dragons’
demonstrating power and dignity. Dragons
are believed to bring good luck to people,
which are reflected in their qualities that
include great power, dignity, fertility,
wisdom, and prosperity.
http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-02/12/c_137816173.htm

B. Kodo Taiko Drum Festival (Japan)

The Taiko is considered one of the most primitive of all Japanese musical instruments. It
is thought to have used in communication and religious rituals in Japan. The taiko was used
in feudal Japan for motivating troops and calling out orders or announcements. It was also
used as an accompaniment for marching. The taiko is commonly found at Shinto shrines
and Buddhist temples. It is used in religious ceremonies and local festivals. Priests
authorize Japanese men to play the taiko during special occasion.

Taiko drumming has been popularized by a professional group called the Kodo. The
group is based in Sado, Japan, and
managed to introduce taiko drumming in
other places abroad. The word Kodo
conveys two meaning: “heartbeat”- the
primal source of all rhythm and, read in

26
different way “children” of the drum”- a reflection of Kodo’s desire to play their drums simply,
with the heart of the children.
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/6122149473271109/

The main focus of the performance: Uchite is the taiko drummer; different drums; other
traditional Japanese musical instruments such as fue and shamisen make an appearance
on stage; traditional dance and vocal performance; include pieces based on the traditional
rhythms of regional Japan.

C. Andong Mask Dance Festival (Korea)

Andong Festival held every end of September to early October in the town of Andong
Gyeongsangbukdo, Korea. This festival features the talchum (mask dance) and other
traditional Korean dances. These traditional dances hold cultural significance in Korea. One
example is the byeolsingut talnori dance, which is an important intangible cultural asset of
the country.

During talchum festivals, foreign mask dance troupes from other parts of the world are
invited to perform their own mask
dance. Thus, this practice
becomes an opportunity for sharing
folk cultures and traditions among
participants. There are also mask
dance competitions and mask
dance lessons for those who are
interested to learn them.

https://bit.ly/2D7AVAB

Festivals in South, West, and Central Asia

A. Dewali
Dewali is also known as the Festival of Lights, is probably the biggest festival in India. It
highlights the triumph of good over evil and of light over dark. It celebrates Lord Rama’s and
the monkey god Hanuman’s victory over King Ravan, the demon king, and the eventual
rescue of Sita. The word dewali means
“lighted lamps”, so everyone during the
festivities lights firecrackers, candles, and
diyas (lamps) to help guide Rama home
from exile. The light makes the festival

27
atmospheric and warm, which adds to its charm. Celebrated with much happiness, each
day of the five days is marked with different rituals and pujas (prayers). The main festival
night happens on the darkest new moon night of the Hindu lunisolar month called the Kartika
(from the middle of October to the middle of November. Dewali is also observed in Pakistan,
Nepal, and Sri Lanka.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwali

B. Holi
Holi also known as the Festival of Colors, is a two-day Indian festival that celebrates not
only the triumph of good (prince Prahlad) over evil (Holika), but also the richness of the
harvest that comes with spring. On the eve of the festival, revelers sing and dance around
Holika bonfires. On the day of the festival, they gather in public areas and throw wet and dry
colors of different hues to one another. Some se water guns, and other throw balloons filled
with colored water.

Traditionally, people also

consume bhang (a paste made from
cannabis plants) during the
celebration. Holi is celebrated on
the Purnima (full moon) of the Hindu
lunisolar month Phalgun (March).
While the festival is observed almost
all over India, the liveliest
celebrations are in the north Indian
states.
https://bit.ly/32Vjnm7

C. Nowruz
The Nowruz is the Iranian New Year. The celebration happens on the vernal equinox, or
the precise astronomical start of the spring season. This festival dates back to
Zoroastrianism, before the invasion of the Arabs and the institution of Islam. Because it is
during spring when leaves and flowers blossom and light dominate the landscape, Nowruz is
a time of happiness and hope. Renewal is
also a significant aspect of Nowruz: renewal
of the self, renewal of friendships, and
renewal of relationships with the family.

28
 The celebrations during Nowruz, which usually last for 13 days, start with the spring
cleaning of one’s house. There is also elaborate dinner that includes seven items that begin
with the letter “S”. Nowruz is celebrated not only in Iran but also in Afghanistan, Northern
Iraq, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Pakistan, and other parts of South, West and Central Asia.
https://www.letsvisitpersia.com/nowruz-iranian-new-year/

D. Passover
The Passover is a very important Jewish festival. Passover is observed from the 15 th to
the 22nd of the Hebrew month of Nissan. The Passover is a very important Jewish festival.
It is a way for Jews to commemorate the liberation of Israelites from slavery in Egypt. The
first two days and last two of Passover are full-fledged holidays.

On the first two nights, Jews eats the Seder, which

is composed of lambs with bitter herbs and unrisen
bread without yeast. They light holidays candles at
night, perform the Kiddush (a ceremony of word
and wine), and enjoy lavish holiday meals on both
nights and day. The middle days, known as Hol
harmoed, are semi festive days, when some Jews
are allowed to work.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover

What’s More
Activity 1: Fill in the information

Direction: Fill in the table below with information about the festivals in the Asian region.

Festivals Performer Stage/props Costumes Visual Sound Purpose of

s Effects Effects the
Performance

1. Following the aspect discussed in the chart, give your impressions on any festivals
you like best. Explain your choice.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

29
 2. Is there any Asian festival that is similar with the Philippine Festival? How are they
related?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Activity 2: Creative Presentation

Direction: Based on the different theater forms and festivals of Asia, create a visual
presentation that shows the uniqueness of each forms. (Example: song and dance, jingle,
vlogging, rap, etc.)

(Note: It can be pre-recorded or actual performance)

Rubrics:

Very Good Good Average Needs

10 pts 8pts 5pts Improvement
3pts
Presentation The task was Task was Task was Task was
presented in an presented in an presented in presented in an
orderly manner almost orderly somewhat orderly manner
manner orderly manner
Creativity Incorporated all Incorporated Incorporated Incorporated
the important almost all the some of the few of the
aspects of the important important important
performance aspect of the aspect of the aspects of the
creatively. performance performance performance
creatively. creatively. creatively.
Behavior Display Rarely display Display Display
undisruptive undisruptive occasionally disruptive
behavior during behavior during undisruptive behavior during
the the behavior during the
performance performance the performance.
performance

What I Have Learned

Direction: Answer the following questions.

1. Among the different festivals in Asian region, are there similarities with the Philippine
festival celebrations? Explain your answer.

30
 ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. How important is the festival celebration in a certain community?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

What Can I Do
Activity 3: Dress me Up!
(Individual Task)
Direction: 1. Using recycled materials, design your own festival costume.

2.The costume must be place put on an old doll or an improvised mannequin.

3. The length of the mannequin is 12 inches and the costume must not be shorter
than 8 inches however it must not be longer that 12 inches.

Rubrics:

Excellent-5 Good -4 Fair-3 Needs

Improvement-2
Following Followed the Followed Followed Did not follow
Direction direction most of the some of the the instruction
correctly direction directions
Creativity and Output is very Output is Output if fair Output is dull
Workmanship creative and good and tidy
tidy
Resourcefulnes Materials used Most of the Some of the Materials used
s were all materials materials were not
recycled used were used were recycled
recycled recycled

Numerical Descriptive Equivalent Grade

11-15 Excellent 95%
8-10 Good 85%
6 Need Improvement 75%

Group Performance: Divide the class into four groups. Two groups will perform
festival and the other two groups will perform the theater play. The leaders will draw
to determine to what presentation as the group will be. And let them choose to what
selected festival/theater form the group will recreate.

31
Task: Create or choreograph movements and gestures on the selected
festival/theatrical form of Asia. Use improvised accompanying sound and rhythm.
Performance will be by group so grade will be given as a group.

Rubrics for Group Performance:

Excellent Good Fair Needs

10 pts 8 pts 5 Improvement
3
Cooperation All members Most members Occasionally Does not work
contributed contributed helps to well and show
equally. equally. complete no interest to
Worked Usually helps group’s goal. complete the
together to to complete Finished goal. Did not
complete group’s goal, individual task perform duties
group’s goal, and performed butt not of assigned
and performed nearly of assisted other team role
all duties duties members, and
assigned to assigned to performed
team role. team role. some duties of
assigned team
role
Presentation Performance Performance Performance Performance
was presented was presented was presented was presented
in an orderly in almost in somewhat in disorderly
manner orderly manner orderly manner manner
Creativity Incorporated Incorporated Incorporated Incorporated
all the almost all the some of the few of the
important important important important
aspects of the aspects of the aspects of the aspects of the
performance performance performance performance
Behavior Did not display Rarely display Occasionally Displayed
disruptive disruptive display disruptive
behavior behavior disruptive behavior
during group during group behavior during group
activities activities during group activities
activities

32
Summary

Thailand

 Songkran Festival is a celebration of the Buddhist New Year – friendly water throwing
as part of the celebration.
 Loy Krathong/Loi Krathong -Loi literally means “to float” while krathong refers to the
lotus-shaped receptacle which can float on water.
 Sky Lantern known as “Yi Peng or Khom Fai” is held on a full moon of 12 th month of
the Thai lunar calendar
 Nang Puppet Show – shadow puppet show is one form of public entertainment in the
South of Thailand: there two types of Nang- Nang Talung and Nang Yai
 Khon a masked, stylized dance drama of Thailand

Indonesia

 Waisak it celebrates the birth of Buddha and his enlightenment, as well as his
attainment of nirvana
 Balinese Dance are a very ancient dance tradition that is part of the religious and
artistic expression.
 Balinese dance is accompanied by gamelan, a musical ensemble
 Wayang Kulit is an ancient Indonesian art of shadow play
 The Dalang or shadow artist manipulates carved leather figures between the lamp
and the screen to bring the shadow to life.

Malaysia and Singapore

 Thaipusan is held on January or February by Hindu devotees

 Pierced male devotees used kavadis- steel racks that attached to the body with
skewers that pierce the skin.
 Devotees believed that the practice of skin piercing cleanses their souls of sins.

33
Vietnam

 Cai Luong is a mixture of Asian popular theater, Vietnamese folk music, and French
comedy
 Two types of cai luong: cai luong co (ancient form) and cai luong xa hoi (modern
form)
 Cai lung performers combine nostalgic singing and spoken dialogue with music
playing in the back ground.

Cambodia

 Lakhon Bassac is one of the more popular theatrical forms in Cambodia

 This animated and amusing form of Khmer theater features dance, music, and
melodrama with performers appearing in extravagant costumes.

Myanmar

 Zat Pwe a stylized theater form combines dance, drama, and music to form an
exceptional theater.
 The performance is accompanied by hsaing waing, a gong and percussion
ensemble.

Philippines

 The komedya, sometimes called the moro-moro

 This long play, which often lasts for three nights, tells the story of the religious and
political conflicts between Christian and Muslim heroes
 Komedya is often presented during festivals, gaining the patronage of the entire
community.

China

 Spring festival is known also as Chinese New Year

 It is the most important traditional Chinese holiday
 Chinese families gather for the annual reunion dinner known as “Eve of Passing
Year” and end the night with firecrackers to drive away bad lucks so that good
fortunes, happiness, wealth ang longevity enter their homes
 The colored dragon dancing on the streets accompanied by playing of the drums are
also been part of the celebration
 Peking Opera is a traditional theater art of China
 It is based on Chinese history, folklore and contemporary life

34
  The two main melodies used are Xipi and Erhuang
 The highest aim is to put beauty into every motion, that is why yhey determined
conventions of movements
 Musicians are visible in front of the stage. Whip, fans, and ore are usually used as
props of the play

Japan

 Kabuki is a traditional Japanese drama with highly stylized song, mime, and dance
and performed only by males
 It was performed in full day time
 Noh is Japan’s oldest form of musical theater.
 Kyogen is a type of classical Japanese comic theater performed with highly stylized
actions and lines
 Bunraku is the Japanese puppet theater which became popular at the end of 16th
century
 Kodo Taiko Drum Festival- Kodo is a professional taiko drumming troupe. Msical
pieces are based on traditional rhythm of regional Japan
 Uchite, Taiko drummer, can wear loose fitting happi (short coat), with an obi
 Peasant events such as the rice harvests or dance festivals were celebrated with
drums

Korea

 Andong Festival held every end of September to early October in the town of Andong
Gyeongsangbukdo, Korea
 This festival features the talchum (mask dance) and other traditional Korean dances.

South, West, and Central Asia

Bhand Pather

 Bhand Pather is a theatrical form from Kashmir

 It is perhaps the oldest theatrical form in the Indian subcontinent
 The word bhand originated from the Sanskrit band means “imitation or comical
behavior”

Saang

 It is a form of folk dance drama performed specifically in Madhaya Pradesh, Uttar

Pradesh, Haryana, and Rajastha in India
 The saang is more focused on dialogue than on gesture and movement.

35
  A group of 10-12 actors perform the saang in an open-air theater, where the stage is
surrounded by audience

Ache Lhamo

 Ache Lhamo is a Buddhist morality in Central Asia

 Most presentations of Ache Lhamo are about legendary heroes who show that the
virtues of Buddhism can defeat evil

Ta’ziyeh

 Ta’ziyeh is religious epic theater still staged in many areas of West Asia
 In Iranian Shiism, ta’ziyeh is a type of passion play
 It is a form of “condolence theater” that depicts religious and historical events
 Many participants do not consider it a form of theater but as part of the observance of
mourning

Dewali

 It is also known as the Festival of lights and probably the biggest festival in India
 The word dewali means “lighted lamps”
 Dewali highlights the triumph of good over evil and light over dark

Holi

 It is also known as the Festival of Colors

 It is a two-day Indian festival that celebrates not only to celebrate the triumph of good
(Prince Prahlad) over evil (Holika) but also the richness of the harvest that comes
with spring
 Holi is celebrated on the Purnina (full moon) of the Hindu lunisolar month Phalgun
(March)

Nowruz

 Nowruz is the Iranian New Year

 Its celebration happens on the vernal equinox, or the precise astronomical start of the
spring season
 Nowruz is a time for happiness and hope
 The celebration usually last for 13 day, start with the cleaning of one’s house

Passover

36
  The Passover is a very important Jewish festival.
 Passover is observed from the 15th to the 22nd of the Hebrew month of Nissan.
 It is a way for Jews to commemorate the liberation of Israelites from slavery in Egypt
 On the first two nights, Jews eats the seder, which is composed of lambs with bitter
herbs and unrisen bread without yeast
 The middle days, known as hol harmoed, are semi festive days, when some Jews
are allowed to work.

Assessment: Post Test

I- Multiple Choice:
Choose the correct answer: Write the letter of your answer.
1. It is the Japanese drumming festival.
a. Kodo Taiko Festival c. Balineses Dance Festival
b. Dragon Dance d. Dewali Festival
2. It is a festival that engage a friendly throwing of water.
a. Thaipusan Festival b. Passover c. Sinulog d. Songkuan
3. Holi Festival is also known as ________________.
a. Festival of Lights b. Festival of Colors c. Spring Festival d. Loi Krathong
4. This is a traditional dance and performance in Chinese culture.
a. Balinese Festival b. Salsa c. Dragon Dance d. Snake Dance
5. It is a festival known as Festival of Lights.
a. Dewali b. Holi c. Passover d. Nowruz
6. The word Kodo literally means __________.
a. Heartbeat b. Pulse Rate c. Active d. Beauty
7. An ancient dance tradition that comes from Indonesia.
a. Folk dance b. Bali Dance c. Jazz d. Salsa
8. The word that refers to the lotus- shaped receptacle that floats on the water.
a. Loi b. Fai c. Krathong d. Bhand
9. It is the way for Jews to commemorate the Liberation of Israelite from Slavery in
Egypt.
a. Passover b. Nowruz c. Holi d. Bhand Pather
10. How long the performance of Kodo last?

37
 a. 3 hours c. 1 hour and 30 minutes
b. 2 hours and 40 minutes d. 1 hour.

II- Modified True or False: Write True if the statement is correct, If the statement is
wrong, write the correct word/words to make the sentence correct.

_____________1. The word bhand originated from the Greek word band which
means “imitation or comical behavior”.

_____________ 2. Mr. Suchart Sapsin is a man of many talents.

_____________ 3. Wayang Kulit performances is accompanied by a guitar.

_____________ 4. Peking Opera started in the late 18th century.

_____________ 5. Kabuki is composed of three characters: ka- song; bu – drama;

Ki- art/skill
_____________ 6. Bunrako is the Japanese comical theater.

_____________ 7. Cai Luong is a Thailand’s shadow puppet show.

_____________ 8. Pwe is a broad Burmese term for performance that

encompasses classical dance, drums and musical opera.

_____________ 9. Ta’ ziyeh is a type of passion play for Iranian Shiism.

______________ 10. Saang is performed by 12-15 actors in an open-air theater.

38
 Key to Answers
Pre -Test:
I- True or False
1. False
2. True
3. True
4. True
5. False
6. False
7. True
8. True
9. True
10. True

II- Matching Type:

1. C 6. G
2. D 7. A
3. E 8. H
4. F 9. I
5. B 10. J
Post Test:
I- Multiple Choice:
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. A

39
 10. C

II- Modified True or False

1. Sanskrit 6. Puppet
2. True 7. Wayang Kulit
3. Gamelan 8. True
4. True 9. True
5. Dance 10. 10-12 actors

References:
Africa, Antonio P. et. al, Practical MAPEH 8 Textbook; (Philippine Copyright 2018)
Diwa Learning System Inc.ISBN: 978-971-46-1244-0 RS-RRB-RRS

Anido, B. et.al. Music and Arts Grade 8 Learners Module, (First Edition, 2013)
ISBN 987-971-9601-73-9

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theatre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festival
https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/top-festivals-in-asia/
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festival
https://www.slideshare.net/honneylore/asian-theater-grade-8-music-and-arts
https://www.cambodiancommunityday.org/index.php?
option=com_content&view=article&id=290:what-is-lakhon-bassac&catid=102&Itemid=730
Youtube Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xYWiQ_RnLWE Beijing Opera
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFwrS7UtACw Lantern Festival
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00wFGSzxxuU Taiko Drum Festival
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=0NMuXwKd81g&list=PLKoOBkGJwMyou1w2TFtwu2sZsLsBay00G Thailand shadow
puppet play
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPBkegjjPS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGsH884UovA Balinese Dance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pfydro4X2t0 wayang Kulit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bs0GuU0cUtw&t=174s Lion Dance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yACzolCrlc4 Nang puppet show

40
Images:
https://www.google.com/search?ei=BAbsXpuVIorr-QbNoI-
oAQ&q=theater+art+definition&oq=theater+art+de&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQARgAMgQIABA
TMggIABAWEB4QEzIKCAAQFhAKEB4QEzIICAAQFhAeEBMyCAgAEBYQHhATMggIABA
WEB4QEzIICAAQFhAeEBMyCAgAEBYQHhATMggIABAWEB4QEzIICAAQFhAeEBM6BQg
AEIMBOgUIABCxAzoCCAA6BAgAEEM6BwgAELEDEEM6BggAEBYQHlC3HFjrZmD2fGgA
cAB4AIABwgKIAacQkgEIMS4xMS4wLjKYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6&sclient=psy-ab
https://www.google.com/search?
q=Cai+Luong+of+vietnam&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwinl7KS4ozqAhUbxIsBHS0OD8oQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Cai+Luong+of+vietnam&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoECAAQQzoCCAA6BQg
AELEDOgQIABAeOgQIABATOggIABAFEB4QEzoGCAAQHhATUPoOWL_sAWC88gFoBH
AAeAOAAagCiAHDG5IBBjUuMjEuM5gBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nsAEA&sclient=img
&ei=KxrsXufVB5uIr7wPrZy80Aw&bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=diP1mYiZBvMM0M
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/199284352232760972/
https://www.google.com/search?
q=Khon+of+Thailand&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjT676i4ozqAhWNuJQKHb9gA74Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Khon+of+Thailand&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIGCAAQCBAeOgUIABCxAzoF
CAAQgwE6AggAOgQIABBDOgQIABAeOgQIABATOgYIABAFEB5QzLZbWNT4W2CT_VtoA
HAAeACAAW2IAboMkgEDOS43mAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=TBrs
XtOVNo3x0gS_wY3wCw&bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=Ufiy82jx9Qh_8M
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khon
https://www.google.com/search?
q=nang+shadow+puppets+show+of+thailand&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjt9pTy54zqAhUYx4s
BHXNCB0QQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Nang+of+Thailand&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgYIABAHEB46CAgAEAc
QBRAeOggIABAIEAcQHjoECAAQEzoICAAQBxAeEBM6BggAEAgQHlCCx19Y7d1fYO7yX2
gAcAB4AIABe4gB1waSAQMwLjiYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZw&sclient=img&ei=MiDs
Xu2VCZiOr7wP84SdoAQ&bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=LDtCLyMutZ_5pM
https://id.pinterest.com/pin/554505772845974071/
https://www.google.com/search?
q=lakhon+bassac+theatre&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwi547Dg7YzqAhWEApQKHbjrAPsQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Lakhon+bassa&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgQIABATMgQIABATOgUIAB
CxAzoECAAQQzoCCAA6BAgAEB46CAgAEAgQHhATULmLngJYhr2eAmCNzp4CaABwAH
gDgAF1iAHDJpIBBDQuNDOYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ7ABAA&sclient=img&ei=Vyb
sXvnbHISF0AS414PYDw&bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=lWVmQM3Pp-yYBM
https://www.cambodiancommunityday.org/index.php?
option=com_content&view=article&id=290:what-is-lakhon-
bassac&catid=102&Itemid=730#gallery45ca5c77b5-74
https://www.cambodiancommunityday.org/index.php?
option=com_content&view=article&id=290:what-is-lakhon-bassac&catid=102&Itemid=730
https://www.google.com/search?
q=wayang+kulit+puppet&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjoj4XChY3qAhVuzYsBHTPhCHYQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=wayang+kulit&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICC
AAyBAgAEEMyAggAMgQIABAeMgQIABAeMgQIABAeOgUIABCxA1Dby6QBWLnipAFgkY-

41
lAWgAcAB4AIABa4gBwQmSAQQyLjEwmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&
ei=Qj_sXujmEe6ar7wPs8KjsAc&bih=827&biw=1600
https://www.flickr.com/photos/f_l_e_t_c_h/6476811261
https://www.google.com/search?
q=myanmar+zat+pwe&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwi8utfMj43qAhVFBaYKHWR5ApcQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Zat+pwe+&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgCMgQIABAeMgQIABAeMgYIABAFE
B4yBggAEAUQHjoFCAAQsQM6AggAOgQIABBDOgQIABATOgYIABAeEBNQ3dyRAViunpI
BYPe4kgFoBXAAeACAAXGIAZ4KkgEDOC41mAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=
img&ei=1EnsXryAO8WKmAXk8om4CQ&bih=827&biw=1600
https://artsinitiative.columbia.edu/campus/student-perspectives/myanmars-zat-pwe-and-
american-parallels
https://www.google.com/search?
q=komedya+moro+moro&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiC0dzFmI3qAhVE0pQKHYoCDgkQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=komedya&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgDMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgQIABAeMg
QIABAeMgQIABAeMgQIABAeMgQIABAeMgQIABAeMgQIABAeOgUIABCxAzoFCAAQgwF
Q3J9ZWK63WWCT1VloAHAAeACAAXaIAcIFkgEDNC4zmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pb
Wc&sclient=img&ei=NlPsXoLeEcSk0wSKhbhI&bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=bogyTXuoR_xhk
M
http://paranaquecity.gov.ph/events.php
https://www.google.com/search?
q=xiaosheng+peking+opera&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwivqqKh3o3qAhVEGKYKHciLCKgQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Xiaosheng&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgQIABATMgQIABATMgQIABAT
MggIABAFEB4QEzIICAAQBRAeEBM6BAgAEEM6AggAOgQIABAeOgUIABCxAzoHCAAQs
QMQQzoFCAAQgwE6BggAEB4QE1D0FVjXcWCkiwFoAHAAeACAAa8BiAHSE5IBBDAuMj
GYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ7ABAA&sclient=img&ei=UJzsXq_CE8SwmAXIl6LACg&
bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=9Dv70mECw7-sVM
http://www.newsgd.com/specials/CulturalHeritage/CantoneseOpera/content/2015-
06/15/content_126361695.htm
https://www.google.com/search?
q=Laodan+peking+opera&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjs8rv45o3qAhVkE6YKHfOLDa0Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Laodan+peking+opera&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQEzoGCAAQBxAe
UIXWH1iq7B9gu_YfaABwAHgAgAF3iAG1BpIBAzQuNJgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1n&
sclient=img&ei=aqXsXuyVKeSmmAXzl7boCg&bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=ZfE4tzmP7oKLS
M
https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/ezine/2007-05/31/content_884150_2.htm
https://www.google.com/search?
q=wusheng+peking+opera&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiGptiq3o3qAhXeyIsBHf5WB0cQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=wusheng+peking+opera&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQEzoGCAAQBxA
eOgIIADoECAAQHjoICAAQBxAFEB46CAgAEAgQBxAeUP2UZliqwWZg2ddmaABwAHgAg
AGIAogBuxKSAQYyLjEzLjGYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZw&sclient=img&ei=ZJzsXobk
BN6Rr7wP_q2duAQ&bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=pOjdF2pIsPKiRM
http://www.chinaopera.net/english/catalog.asp?tags=Wusheng
https://www.google.com/search?q=Laosheng+peking+opera&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjL-
8vN5I3qAhUC9pQKHagBDBcQ2-

42
cCegQIABAA&oq=Laosheng+peking+opera&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQE1CzgyZYv4c
mYK-SJmgAcAB4AIABaYgBrgKSA
QMxLjKYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZw&sclient=img&ei=96LsXoukNoLs0wSog7C4AQ&
bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=dJOn-gNEXVyMcM
https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/ezine/2007-05/31/content_884150.htm
https://www.google.com/search?
q=wudan+peking+opera&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiaiM3y6I3qAhUI7JQKHcY1C90Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=wudan+peking+opera&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQE1CZiTdYhbQ3YP
bFN2gCcAB4AIABd4gBzAWSAQM0LjOYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZw&sclient=img&ei
=d6fsXtrwDojY0wTG66zoDQ&bih=827&biw=1600
https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/ezine/2007-05/31/content_884150_2.htm

https://www.google.com/search?
q=daomadan+peking+opera&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwi5zKWl7I3qAhWXzIsBHfikCnoQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=daomadan+peking+opera&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQEzoICAAQCB
AHEB5QpJomWMewJmCB3SZoAHAAeACAAYoBiAHmBZIBAzMuNJgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy
13aXotaW1n&sclient=img&ei=BqvsXrmxNJeZr7wP-
Mmq0Ac&bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=Ixp3h-oyJUua5M
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/618682067530447763/
https://www.mybeijingchina.com/travel-guide/beijing-opera/opera-roles.htm
https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/ezine/2007-05/31/content_884150_2.htm
http://www.chinaopera.net/english/Chinese-Opera-Knowledge/Peking-Opera-Jing.html
https://www.google.com/search?
q=kabuki+theatre&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjknoiayZTqAhXOzIsBHaBRCzkQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=kabuki+t&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgDMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgQIABAeMgQ
IABAeMgQIABAeMgQIABAeMgQIABAeMgQIABAeMgQIABAeOgQIABBDOgUIABCxAzoHC
AAQsQMQQzoFCAAQgwFQ-
QFY2zJgp1VoAHAAeACAAe0BiAG7CpIBBTIuNy4xmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWewA
QA&sclient=img&ei=wjHwXuS1Ds6Zr7wPoKOtyAM&bih=827&biw=1600#imgrc=57PJzYLrH
V2wyM
https://musicalsonline.com/kabuki-theatre/
https://www.google.com/search?
q=chou+peking+opera&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiuouLQ9Y3qAhUIBaYKHecCA7IQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=chou+peking+opera&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQEzIECAAQEzIECAA
QEzIICAAQBRAeEBM6BggAEAcQHjoICAAQCBAHEB46AggAOgQIABAeOggIABAHEAUQ
HlCSiyFYt6UhYPerIWgAcAB4AIABfYgB8waSAQMxLjeYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZw
&sclient=img&ei=0bTsXu71OYiKmAXnhYyQCw&bih=827&biw=1600
https://www.pinterest.ch/pin/663155113869931932/
https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2016-04/29/content_24949692.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noh

43
https://www.japansociety.org/event/kyogen-traditional-comic-theater-of-japan-yamamoto-
kyogen-company
https://sites.google.com/a/cotopaxi.k12.ec/ac-fine-arts-festival-2015/drama---japanese-
bunraku-puppet-show
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saang
https://xruanblog.wordpress.com/2017/04/30/ache-lhamo/
https://thetheatretimes.com/taziyeh-ritual-performance-during-muharram/
https://www.humbleandfree.com/floating-lantern-festival-chiang-mai-thailand/
https://depositphotos.com/63948141/stock-photo-loy-krathong-festival-thailand.html
https://latitudes.nu/vesa-waisak/
http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-02/12/c_137816173.htm
https://www.twowanderingsoles.com/blog/andong-mask-dance-festival-south-korea
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwali
http://www.orangesmile.com/extreme/en/spectacular-festivals/holi-festival.htm
https://www.letsvisitpersia.com/nowruz-iranian-new-year/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover

44
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City

Office Address: Brgy. 23, National Highway,Gingoog City
Telefax: 088 328 0108/ 088328 0118
E-mail Address: gingoog.city@deped.gov.ph

45