Saint Louis University

School of Nursing

NCM 103a: FUNDAMENTALS in NURSING PRACTICE RD

Topic: Giving a Bedbath, Shampooing, and Massage

Learning Outcomes: At the end of this activity, the student will be able to:
1. Appraise principles and techniques applied in performing bedbath, shampooing, and
massage.
2. Perform correctly and accurately the steps of giving a bed bath, shampooing, and
massage.

Reference:
Berman, A., Snyder, S., & Frandsen, G. (2016). Kozier and Erb’s Fundamentals of nursing.
Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited.

Task 1: Read the concept of hygiene and comfort. Also, check on videos to further assist you
on how to do bedbath, shampooing, and massage.

HYGIENE AND COMFORT

1. Bedbathing, Shampooing & massage

Hygiene – science of health & its maintenance.

Personal hygiene – self- care by which people attend to such functions as bathing, toileting,
general body hygiene & grooming. Hygienic care can be practiced as:
Early morning care – include elimination needs, bath or shower, perineal care, back
massage, & oral, nail & hair care.
Afternoon care – elimination needs, washing of hands & face, oral care.
Hour of sleep care (HS) – elimination needs, washing of face & hands, oral care, back
massage.
As needed care (PRN )

AGENTS COMMONLY USED ON THE SKIN

Soap Lowers surface tension& thus, helps in cleaning
Detergent Used instead of soap for cleaning
Bath oil Used in bath water providing an oil film that softens &
prevents chapping
Skin cream, lotion Provides film on skin preventing evaporation &
therefore, chapping
Powder Used to absorb water & prevent friction
Deodorant Masks & diminishes body odor
Antiperspirant Reduces amt of perspiration

Materials needed:
 Kelly pad  Soap
 drainage pail  Shampoo
 basin  lotion/powder
 diaper  clean clothing of patient
 2 bath towels  2 rubber sheets
 2 face towels  bed pan/urinal

This is a Kelly pad: A lying-in rubber pad that is mainly used in hospitals for women who are
giving birth. It can also be used in hair shampooing to drain
water directly to the pail. It can be inflated using its own pump.

Attach the pump

then inflate
 Saint Louis University
School of Nursing

Some use plastic like in the figure below (act of resourcefulness). If with Kelly pad, then use it
instead of plastic.
Some also use:

Bathing categories:
1. Cleansing baths – chiefly for hygiene purposes like:
a. Complete bed bath
 Mitt making – done either: triangular or rectangular
method
b. Self- help bed bath
c. Partial bath – or abbreviated bath focusing on hands, face, axilla, perineal area &
back
d. Towel bath – in- bed bath that uses quick drying sol’n containing a disinfectant,
cleaning agent & softening agent mixed with water.
e. Bag bath – adaptation of towel bath using a plastic bag with 10- 12 wash cloths
f. Tub bath – ease of washing & rinsing
g. Shower – if require minimal assistance

2. Therapeutic baths
- given for physical effects such as soothing irritated skin or to treat an area
- done in a tub 1/3 or ½ full designated for 20 to 30 minutes.
- should not become routine & depersonalized

BEDBATH: is for patients who must remain in bed but who are able to bathe themselves
Sequence:
a. Eyes, face, ears, neck
b. Farther arm
c. Nearer arm
d. Hands
e. Chest and abdomen
f. Farther leg
g. Nearer leg
h. Feet
i. Back and buttocks
j. Perineum

Special nursing considerations when bathing a client in bed

1. Cleanse eyes with water only, wiping from inner to outer canthus. Use separate
corner of mitt for each eye.
Rationale: Washing eye from inner canthus to outer prevents secretions from
entering and irritating nasolacrimal ducts. Using separate corner for each eye
prevents transfer of microorganisms from one eye to the other.
2. Determine if client would like to use soap on face. Consider individual preferences.
Rationale: Soap can be drying especially to the face. Some clients use special
cleansing solution for their faces.
 Saint Louis University
School of Nursing

3. Wash, rinse and dry the arms and legs using long, firm strokes from distal to
proximal areas.
Rationale: stroking from distal to proximal areas stimulates venous blood return.
4. Assess bath water temperature and change water as necessary.
Rationale: To ensure warm temperature of water for comfort. Changing water as
necessary ensures cleanliness of the water used for bathing the client.

*** to ensure asepsis, always wash from clean areas to dirty areas when possible***

General Considerations for bathing a patient

1. Before starting bed bath, offer bed pan or urinal, check baseline vital signs
and prepare all needed materials
2. Provide privacy – close the door, pull the curtains, expose only parts that will be
washed
3. Maintain safety – side rails up, place call light within reach
4. Maintain warmth – control drafts, close the windows and cover area which are not
washed, pat dry the patient because wet skin promotes heat loss through evaporation
5. Promote independence – encourage the patient to participate in as much of the bathing
activities as possible
6. Anticipate needs – bring new set of clothing and hygiene products

B. Therapeutic Back massage – the application of hand pressure and motion to improve the
recipient’s well-being.

Purpose of Massage
1. induce sleep
2. reduce tension
3. relaxes muscles
4. relieve pain
5. to increase circulation

Contraindications for Massage:

1. aneurysms
2. heart diseases
3. hypertension
4. joint or bone injury
5. kidney disease
6. open wounds
7. thrombus
8. tissue injury or inflammation
9. varicose veins, phlebitis

Basic massage techniques

1. Effleurage – any stroke that glides up to the skin
2. Petrissage – consists of kneading manipulation which presses and rolls the muscles
under the hands
3. Friction – formed by small circular movement with the tips of the fingers, the thumb of
the heel of the hand according to the area covered
4. Tapottement/Percussion – series of brisk blows, following each other in rapid,
alternating fashion
5. Vibration – fine tremulous movement made by the hand or the fingers placed
firmly against a part

Task 2: Review your checklist on giving a bedbath and its rationale. Refer to videos attach.

GIVING A BEDBATH
 Saint Louis University
School of Nursing

Brief Description: Some patients must remain in bed as a part of their therapeutic regimen but
can still bathe themselves. Other patients are not on bed rest, but require total or partial
assistance with bathing in bed due to physical limitations, such as fatigue or limited range of
motion. A bed bath may be considered a partial bed bath if the patient is well enough to perform
most of the bath, and the nurse needs to assist with washing areas that the patient cannot reach
easily. A partial bath may also refer to bathing only those body parts that absolutely have to be
cleaned, such as the perineal area, and any soiled body parts. Many of the bedside skin-cleaning
products available today do not require rinsing. After cleaning the body part, dry it thoroughly.
See Table 7-1 for a summary of common cleaning products.

Objective: The expected outcome to achieve when giving a bed bath is that the patient will be
clean and fresh. Other outcomes that may be appropriate include the following: patient regains
feelings of control by assisting with the bath; patient verbalizes positive body image; and patient
demonstrates understanding about the need for cleanliness.

PROCEDURE
1. Review chart/case of patient for any
limitations in physical activity, requiring bed
bath.
2. Properly identify the patient. Discuss the
procedure with the patient.
3. Assess patient’s ability to assist with the
bathing process and/or any limitations in
physical activity, as well as personal hygiene
preferences.
4. Bring necessary equipment to the bedside
stand or overbed table.
5. Provide privacy.
6. Offer patient bedpan or urinal.
7. Perform hand hygiene.
8. Raise the bed at an appropriate and
comfortable working height.
9. Let patient feel warmth of water according
to his/her preferred temperature.
BATHING
10. Lower side rail nearer to you and assist
patient to side of bed where you will work
and every time you return to patient to
begin/continue the bath.
11. Loosen top covers and remove all except
the top sheet. Place bath blanket over patient
and then remove top sheet while patient
holds bath blanket in place.
12. Remove patient’s clothing/gown and keep
bath blanket in place.
RATIONALE
Identifying limitations prevents patient
discomfort and injury.
Identifying the patient ensures the right
patient receives the intervention and helps
prevent errors. Discussion promotes
reassurance and provides knowledge about
the procedure.
Dialogue encourages patient participation
and allows for individualized nursing care.
Bringing everything to the bedside
conserves time and energy.
Arranging items nearby is convenient,
saves time, and avoids unnecessary
stretching and twisting of muscles on the
part of the nurse.
Unnecessary exposure can lead to patient’s
embarrassment.
Voiding or defecating before the bath
lessens the likelihood that the bath will be
interrupted, because warm bath water may
stimulate the urge to void.
Hand hygiene deters the spread of
microorganisms.
Having the bed at the proper height
prevents back and muscle strain.
Warm water is comfortable and relaxing for
the patient. It also stimulates circulation
and provides for more effective cleansing.
Having the patient positioned near the
nurse and lowering the side rail prevent
unnecessary stretching and twisting of
muscles on the part of the nurse.
The patient is not exposed unnecessarily,
and warmth is maintained.
If a bath blanket is unavailable, the top
sheet may be used in place of the bath
blanket.
This provides uncluttered access during the
bath and maintains warmth of the patient.
 Saint Louis University
School of Nursing
13. Raise side rail. Fill basin with a sufficient
amount of comfortably warm water.
14. Fold the washcloth like a mitt on your
hand so there are no loose ends.
15. Lay a towel across patient’s chest and on
top of bath blanket.
16. With no soap on the washcloth, wipe one
eye from the inner to outer canthus, then the
other.
17. Bathe patient’s face, neck, and ears.
18. Expose patient’s far arm and place towel
lengthwise under it, then bathe in long, firm
strokes towards the heart.
19. Place folded towel on top of rubber sheet
next to the patient’s hand and put basin on
it.
20. Wash the hands of the patient.
21. Repeat actions number 18, 19 and 20.
22. Spread a towel across patient’s chest.
Lower bath blanket to patient’s umbilical
area.
23. Using firm strokes; wash, rinse (if
necessary) and dry patient’s chest. Pay
special attention to skin folds under the
breast and axilla.
24. Keep chest covered with towel between
washing and rinsing.
25. Lower the blanket to the perineal area.
Place a towel over patient’s chest.
26. Wash, rinse (if necessary), and dry
abdomen. Carefully inspect and clean
umbilical area and any abdominal folds or
creases.
27. Return bath blanket to original position
and expose far leg. Place towel under far leg.
28. Using firm strokes, wash, rinse, if
Side rails maintain patient safety. Warm
water is comfortable and relaxing for the
patient. It also stimulates circulation and
provides for more effective cleansing.
Having loose ends of cloth drag across the
patient’s skin is uncomfortable. Loose ends
cool quickly and feel cold to the patient.
This prevents chilling and keeps the bath
blanket dry.
Soap is irritating to the eyes. Moving from
the inner to the outer aspect of the eye
prevents carrying debris toward the
nasolacrimal duct. Rinsing or turning the
washcloth prevents spreading organisms
from one eye to the other.
Soap can cause the skin to become dry and
susceptible to breakdown.
The towel helps to keep the bed dry.
Washing the far side first eliminates
contaminating a clean area once it is
washed. Gentle friction stimulates
circulation and muscles and helps remove
dirt, oil, and organisms. Long, firm strokes
are relaxing and more comfortable than
short, uneven strokes. Rinsing is necessary
when using some cleansing products.
Protects the linens from getting wet.
It facilitates thorough washing of the hands
and between the fingers and aids in
removing debris from under the skin.
The towel helps to keep the bed dry.
Washing the far side first eliminates
contaminating a clean area once it is
washed. Gentle friction stimulates
circulation and muscles and helps remove
dirt, oil, and organisms. Long, firm strokes
are relaxing and more comfortable than
short, uneven strokes. Rinsing is necessary
when using some cleansing products.
Exposing, washing, rinsing, and drying one
part of the body at a time avoids
unnecessary exposure and chilling.
Areas of folds of skin may be sources of
odor and skin breakdown if not cleaned and
dried properly.
Avoids unnecessary exposure and chilling.
Keeping the bath blanket and towel in place
avoids exposure and chilling.
Skin-fold areas may be sources of odor and
skin breakdown if not cleaned and dried
properly.
The towel protects linens and prevents the
patient from feeling uncomfortable from a
damp or wet bed.
Washing from ankle to groin with firm
 Saint Louis University
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necessary and dry leg from ankle to knee and
knee to groin.
29. Place folded towel on top of rubber sheet
near to patient’s foot and place basin on it.
30. Place foot in basin while supporting the
ankle and heel in your hand and the leg on
your arm.
31. Wash, rinse (if necessary), and dry,
paying particular attention to area between
toes.
32. Repeat action number 29, 30, and 31.
33. Make sure patient is covered with bath
blanket.
34. Change water, if necessary, anytime
throughout the procedure.
35. Assist patient to prone position. Position
bath blanket and towel to expose only the
back and buttocks.
36. Wash, rinse (if necessary) and dry back
and buttocks area. Pay particular attention to
cleansing between gluteal folds.
37. Observe for any redness or skin
breakdown in the sacral area.
GIVING BACK MASSAGE
38. Warm the lubricant or lotion or powder
using the palms of your hands. Avoid
massaging bony areas.
39. Apply lotion by using light gliding strokes
on patient’s shoulders, back and sacral area.
40. Place your hands beside each other at
the base of the patient’s spine and stroke
upward to the shoulders and back downward
to the buttocks in slow, continuous strokes.
Continue for several times.
41. Massage the patient’s shoulder, entire
back, areas over iliac crests, and sacrum with
circular stroking motions. Keep your hands in
contact with patient’s skin. Continue for
several times.
42. Apply additional lotion or powder as
necessary.
43. Knead the patient’s skin by gently
alternating grasping and compression
motions.
44. Apply a striking and hacking motion
avoiding bony prominences.
45. Complete the massage with additional
long stroking movements that eventually
become lighter in pressure.
46. During the massage, observe the
patient’s skin for reddened or open areas.
Pay particular attention to the skin over bony
prominences.
47. Help patient put on a clean gown and
strokes promotes venous return.
Protects the linens from getting wet.
Prevent injury to the patient’s leg.
It facilitates thorough washing of the feet
and between the toes and aids in removing
debris from under the skin.
Keeping the bath blanket and towel in place
avoids exposure and chilling.
Prevents dirt and microorganisms from
contaminating other parts of the body.
Positioning the towel and bath blanket
protects the patient’s privacy and provides
warmth. Gloves prevent contact with body
fluids.
Fecal material near the anus may be a
source of microorganisms.
Prolonged pressure on the sacral area or
other bony prominences may compromise
circulation and lead to development of
decubitus ulcer.
Cold lotion causes chilling and discomfort.
Effleurage relaxes the patient and lessens
tension.
Continuous contact is soothing and
stimulates circulation and muscle relaxation
A firm stroke with continuous contact
promotes relaxation
Prevents friction.
Kneading increases blood circulation.
Promotes blood circulation and relaxes
muscle tension.
Long, stroking motions are soothing and
promote relaxation; movements that
eventually become lighter in pressure
continued stroking with gradual lightening
of pressure helps extend the feeling of
relaxation.
Pressure may interfere with circulation and
lead to pressure ulcers.
Helps promote patient comfort.
 Saint Louis University
School of Nursing
assist with the use of other personal
toiletries.
SHAMPOOING
48. Assemble supplies on overbed table;
make sure pail has warm water.
49. Place pillow at the side of the bed and
put rubber sheet and bath towel over it.
50. Position patient on a supine position
diagonally with covered pillow under the
shoulders.
51. Have the patient lift his/her head and
place the inflated Kelly pad underneath the
patient’s head, on a hyperextended position.
52. Place draining bucket on the floor with
the end of the Kelly pad in it.
53. Comb the patient, make sure to untangle
hair properly.
54. Put a folded face towel across the
forehead to prevent wetting the eyes, and
both ends of the towel should cover the ears
to serve as ear plugs. Let patient hold if
he/she is able.
55. Pour dipper of warm water slowly over
patient’s head, making sure that all hair is
saturated.
56. Apply a small amount of shampoo to
patient’s hair.
57. Massage deeply into the scalp.
58. Rinse with warm water until all hair is out
of shampoo.
59. Squeeze excess water before removing
the Kelly pad.
60. Pull the pillow up on the head and place
towel around the patient’s hair.
61. Remove folded face towel over forehead.
Pat hair dry.
62. Gently comb hair, removing tangles as
needed. Comb first at the lower part, near
the ends.
63. Observe asepsis whenever it is possible
all throughout the procedure.
64. Assist the patient to a comfortable
position. Do after care.
65. Perform hand hygiene.
66. Maintain cleanliness throughout the
procedure and avoid spilling water anywhere.
67. Documentation.
68. Communicates therapeutically during the
procedure.
Organization facilitates performance of
task.
A protective pad keeps the sheets from
getting wet.
Provides ease of access during the
procedure.
Prevents linens from being wet.
The container will catch the runoff water,
preventing a mess on the floor.
To untangle hair and prevents discomfort.
A washcloth prevents water from running
into the patient’s eyes and ears.
By pouring slowly, more hair will become
wet, and it is more soothing for the patient.
Shampoo will help to remove dirt or oil.
Removes dirt and oil in the scalp.
Massaging promotes circulation and is
relaxing for the patient.
Shampoo left in hair may cause pruritus. If
hair is still dirty, another shampoo
treatment may be needed.
To remove excess water that may cause
heat loss for the patient.
This prevents the patient from getting cold.
Patting dry removes any excess water
without damaging hair or scalp.
Removing tangles helps hair to dry faster.
Brushing hair improves patient’s self-image.
Prevents the spread of infection.
Promotes patient comfort and safety.
Prevents transmission of microorganisms.
To prevent furniture and other articles from
the patients room from being wet and
contaminated.
Ensures continuity of care.
Maintain a good nurse-patient relationship
 Saint Louis University
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Task 3: Try to apply the following steps to a friend or a doll. Then put a score to each
step that you performed.

GIVING A BEDBATH

Grading Criteria:
Score Description:
1 The student performed the item completely and correctly.
The student performed the skill incompletely or incorrectly; incurred gross
0
mistakes or did not perform the item at all.

PROCEDURE SCOR REMARKS

E
MATERIALS/EQUIPMENT: Kelly pad, drainage pail, basin, diaper, 2
bath towels, 2 face towels, soap, shampoo, lotion/powder, clean
clothing of patient, 2 rubber sheets, bed pan/urinal
1. Review chart/case of patient for any limitations in physical activity,
requiring bed bath.
2. Properly identify the patient. Discuss the procedure with the patient.
3. Assess patient’s ability to assist with the bathing process and/or any
limitations in physical activity, as well as personal hygiene preferences.
4. Bring necessary equipment to the bedside stand or overbed table:
5. Provide privacy.
6. Offer patient bedpan or urinal.
7. Perform hand hygiene.
8. Raise the bed at an appropriate and comfortable working height.
9. Let patient feel warmth of water according to his/her preferred
temperature.
BATHING
10. Lower side rail nearer to you and assist patient to side of bed
where you will work and every time you return to patient to
begin/continue the bath.
11. Loosen top covers and remove all except the top sheet. Place bath
blanket over patient and then remove top sheet while patient holds
bath blanket in place.
12. Remove patient’s clothing/gown and keep bath blanket in place.
13. Raise side rail. Fill basin with a sufficient amount of comfortably
warm water.
14. Fold the washcloth like a mitt on your hand so there are no loose
ends.
15. Lay a towel across patient’s chest and on top of bath blanket.
16. With no soap on the washcloth, wipe one eye from the inner to
outer canthus, then the other.
17. Bathe patient’s face, neck, and ears.
18. Expose patient’s far arm and place towel lengthwise under it, then
bathe in long, firm strokes towards the heart.
19. Place folded towel on top of rubber sheet next to the patient’s
hand and put basin on it.
20. Wash the hands of the patient.
21. Repeat actions number 18, 19 and 20.
22. Spread a towel across patient’s chest. Lower bath blanket to
patient’s umbilical area.
23. Using firm strokes; wash, rinse (if necessary) and dry patient’s
chest. Pay special attention to skin folds under the breast and axilla.
24. Keep chest covered with towel between washing and rinsing.
25. Lower the blanket to the perineal area. Place a towel over patient’s
chest.
26. Wash, rinse (if necessary), and dry abdomen. Carefully inspect and
clean umbilical area and any abdominal folds or creases.
 Saint Louis University
School of Nursing

27. Return bath blanket to original position and expose far leg. Place
towel under far leg.
28. Using firm strokes, wash, rinse, if necessary and dry leg from
ankle to knee and knee to groin.
29. Place folded towel on top of rubber sheet near to patient’s foot and
place basin on it.
30. Place foot in basin while supporting the ankle and heel in your
hand and the leg on your arm.
31. Wash, rinse (if necessary), and dry, paying particular attention to
area between toes.
32. Repeat action number 29, 30, and 31.
33. Make sure patient is covered with bath blanket.
34. Change water, if necessary, anytime throughout the procedure.
35. Assist patient to prone position. Position bath blanket and towel to
expose only the back and buttocks.
36. Wash, rinse (if necessary) and dry back and buttocks area. Pay
particular attention to cleansing between gluteal folds.
37. Observe for any redness or skin breakdown in the sacral area.
GIVING BACK MASSAGE
38. Warm the lubricant or lotion or powder using the palms of your
hands. Avoid massaging bony areas.
39. Apply lotion by using light gliding strokes on patient’s shoulders,
back and sacral area.
40. Place your hands beside each other at the base of the patient’s
spine and stroke upward to the shoulders and back downward to the
buttocks in slow, continuous strokes. Continue for several times.
41. Massage the patient’s shoulder, entire back, areas over iliac crests,
and sacrum with circular stroking motions. Keep your hands in contact
with patient’s skin. Continue for several times.
42. Apply additional lotion or powder as necessary.
43. Knead the patient’s skin by gently alternating grasping and
compression motions.
44. Apply a striking and hacking motion avoiding bony prominences.
45. Complete the massage with additional long stroking movements
that eventually become lighter in pressure.
46. During the massage, observe the patient’s skin for reddened or
open areas. Pay particular attention to the skin over bony
prominences.
47. Help patient put on a clean gown and assist with the use of other
personal toiletries.
SHAMPOOING
48. Assemble supplies on overbed table; make sure pail has warm
water.
49. Place pillow at the side of the bed and put rubber sheet and bath
towel over it.
50. Position patient on a supine position diagonally with covered pillow
under the shoulders.
51. Have the patient lift his/her head and place the inflated Kelly pad
underneath the patient’s head, on a hyperextended position.
52. Place draining bucket on the floor with the end of the Kelly pad in
it.
53. Comb the patient, make sure to untangle hair properly.
54. Put a folded face towel across the forehead to prevent wetting the
eyes, and both ends of the towel should cover the ears to serve as ear
plugs. Let patient hold if he/she is able.
55. Pour dipper of warm water slowly over patient’s head, making sure
that all hair is saturated.
56. Apply a small amount of shampoo to patient’s hair.
57. Massage deeply into the scalp.
58. Rinse with warm water until all hair is out of shampoo.
 Saint Louis University
School of Nursing

59. Squeeze excess water before removing the Kelly pad.

60. Pull the pillow up on the head and place towel around the patient’s
hair.
61. Remove folded face towel over forehead. Pat hair dry.
62. Gently comb hair, removing tangles as needed. Comb first at the
lower part, near the ends.
63. Observe asepsis whenever it is possible all throughout the
procedure.
64. Assist the patient to a comfortable position. Do after care.
65. Perform hand hygiene.
66. Maintain cleanliness throughout the procedure and avoid spilling
water anywhere.
67. Documentation.
68. Communicates therapeutically during the procedure.
TOTAL SCORE (68)

Good Job! You did well!

Activity: Without looking at your notes, try to answer the activity below. If you are confident of
your answers, submit to your instructor in PDF format (Submit activity only). If not, then check
your notes. Write the letter of the best answer in the space provided.

Name: Block: Group: Score:

_____ 1. Before bathing the patient, the Nursing Assistant is to offer the patient
A. Something to drink
B. Bedpan, urinal or assist to bathroom
C. A warm wash cloth
D. Both A & C

_____ 2. What protective covering needs to be on your patient when providing baths to your
patient's?
A. A Bath blanket
B. A Urinal
C. The patient's gown
D. None of the above

_____ 3. A bath mitt is made with

A. Paper towels
B. A washcloth
C. Two towels
D. Disposable gloves

_____ 4. When giving a bed shampoo...

A. move patient to side of bed nearest you
B. tilt patient's head slightly backward using a pillow under shoulders
C. cover patient's eyes with washcloth
D. do not use fingernails to massage shampoo onto hair/scalp
E. all of the above
F. none of the above

_____ 5. When giving a bed bath, which arm and leg do you wash first?
A. the one nearest you
B. the one farther from you
C. either 

_____ 6. Wash patients extremities from ____

A. Front to Back
B. Proximal to Distal
 Saint Louis University
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C. Distal to Proximal
D. Back to Front

_____ 7. When should you change the water you are using to give a bed bath?

A. if it gets too cold

B. if it gets too soapy
C. if it gets too dirty
D. all of the above
E. never

_____ 8. During bed bath, we preserve the client’s dignity by observing ____ during the whole
bed bath process.
A. Silence
B. Privacy
C. Proper Body Mechanics

_____ 9. All body parts are washed with soap during bed bath, except:
A. hands
B. perineum
C. eyes
D. buttocks

B. Arrange the correct sequence of bathing a patient.

_____ back and buttocks

_____ face and neck
_____ far leg and foot
_____ Perineum
_____ near arm and hand
_____ chest and abdomen
_____ far arm and hand
_____ near leg and foot

C. Identify the type of massage in the following illustrations.

1. ___________________________

2. _______________________
 Saint Louis University
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3. ______________________
 Saint Louis University
School of Nursing

----------- End of module -------------

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