Bui Viet Phuong - K63D1 Medicinal Chemistry

5-24. An unknown sample of Cu2+ gave an absorbance of 0.262 (IX) in an atomic absorption
analysis. Then 1.00 mL (Vs) of solution containing 100.0 ppm [S]i (μg/mL) Cu2+ was mixed
with 95.0 mL (Vo) of unknown, and the mixture was diluted to 100.0 mL (Vo + Vs) in a
volumetric flask. The absorbance of the new solution was 0.500 (Is+x).

(a) Denoting the initial, unknown concentration as [Cu2+]i, write an expression for the final
concentration, [Cu2+]f, after dilution. Units of concentration are ppm.
(b) In a similar manner, write the final concentration of added standard Cu2+, designated as
[S]f.
(c) Find [Cu2+]i in the unknown.

Solution:

(a) ¿
¿
(b) ¿
¿
(c) ¿ ¿

5-31. Chloroform is an internal standard in the determination of the pesticide DDT in a

polarographic analysis in which each compound is reduced at an electrode surface. A
mixture containing 0.500 mM chloroform and 0.800 mM DDT gave signals of 15.3 μA for
chloroform and 10.1 μA for DDT. An unknown solution (10.0 mL) containing DDT was placed
in a 100-mL volumetric flask and 10.2 μL of chloroform (FM 119.39, density = 1.484 g/mL)
were added. After dilution to the mark with solvent, polarographic signals of 29.4 and 8.7 μ
A were observed for the chloroform and DDT, respectively. Find the concentration of DDT in
the unknown.

Solution:

A mixture:
AX A 10.1 15.3
=F × S =¿ =F × =¿ F=0.412
[X] [S ] 0.8 0.5

−6 g
Add chloroform = 10.2 ×10 L× 1484 =0.0151 g
L
0.0151
=> Moles of CHC l 3= =1.26 ×10−4 mol =>
119.39
1.26× 10− 4 mol −3
Molarity∈100 mL= =1.26 ×10 M =1.26 mM
0.1 L
In unknown mixture:
AX A 8.7 29.4
=F × S =¿ =0.412 × =¿ F=0.905 mM
[X] [S ] [X] 1.26
100 mL
[DDT] ¿ 0.905 × =9.09 mM
10 mL