Eyeball controlled Wheelchair

Abstract
There are millions of especially abled and elderly people in India who are
deprived of movement capabilities that a normal individual has. The number of
such cases obviously increases multifold times worldwide. If we closely analyze
how a person walks, we realize that, when we walk we do not really give a
steady thought on going in a particular direction or speeding up or slowing
down all these processes mostly depend on subconscious mind i.e., while
walking we might come across an obstacle, we look at it and in a fraction of
seconds without thinking too much we know we have to turn a bit to go around
the obstacle or we might have down slanting surface and we just know that we
need to slow down to avoid falling down. Whereas the traditional wheelchairs,
are not able to provide such effortless experience to people. Most of these
wheelchairs are based on limb movements which require people to drive
themselves everywhere. Also a considerable fraction of these especially abled
people are not able to meet the limb movements that a traditional wheelchair
demands.

As is clear from the name, eyeball controlled wheelchair would be able to guide
itself based on the eyeball movement of the individual sitting on it, thus
providing an effortless experience and possibly turning out to be a better
alternative. A camera will be mounted on a not so bulky headgear to monitor
the eyeball movements. An Open CV application takes up the camera signals
and instructs the microcontroller to guide the motor drivers accordingly. The
wheelchair will also be provided with ultrasonic level sensors at the bottom
which senses the ground surface level and controls the speed of the motor. The
speed is thus kept at appropriate level to keep the chair from toppling over.

The idea is to thrive for and make the system cost effective so that it can be
used by people over a wide economic range.