HOUSING SURVEY CENSUS (2001 and 2011)

HOUSING

(ASSIGNMENT – III)

SUBMITTED BY – SUBMITTED TO –

JASKIRAT ARORA (1731681) AR. PREETI BHATIA

HOUSING SURVEY CENSUS (Year 2001 and Year 2011)

WHAT IS CENSUS?

Population Census is the total process of collecting, compiling, analysing or otherwise disseminating
demographic, economic and social data pertaining, at a specific time, of all persons in a country or a well-
defined part of a country.

As such, the census provides snapshot of the country's population and housing at a given point of time.

WHY CENSUS?

1. The census provides information on size, distribution and socio-economic, demographic and other
characteristics of the country's population.
2. The data collected through the census are used for administration, planning and policy making as well
as management and evaluation of various programmes by the government, NGOs, researchers,
commercial and private enterprises, etc.
3. Census data is also used for demarcation of constituencies and allocation of representation to
parliament, State legislative Assemblies and the local bodies.
4. Researchers and demographers use census data to analyse growth and trends of population and
make projections.
5. The census data is also important for business houses and industries for strengthening and planning
their business for penetration into areas, which had hitherto remained, uncovered.

DATA ITEM COLLECTED IN CENSUS – House listing Operations (YEAR 2001)

1. Use of the census houses

2. Condition of census houses used as residence
3. Predominant material of the roof, wall and floor or the census houses
4. Type of structure of census houses
5. Number of dwelling rooms
6. Ownership status of the house
7. Number of married couples and whether they have independent sleeping rooms
8. Source of drinking water (e.g., Tap; Hand pump; Tube well; Well; Tank; Pond River;
canal; Spring; Other) and its location
9. Source of lighting ( e.g., Electricity; kerosene; Solar energy; Other oil, Any other; No lighting)
10. Availability of bathroom, type of latrine and type of drainage for waste water
11. Availability of separate kitchen and type of fuel used for cooing (e.g., Firewood; Crop residue;
Cow dung cake; Coal, Lignite, Charcoal; kerosene; LPG; Electricity; Biogas; Other)
12. Availing of banking services and availability of the specified assets (e.g., Radio, Transistor;
Television; Bicycle; Motor Cycle, Moped; Car, Jeep, Van; None of these

POPULATION ENUMERATION – (For each member of the household)

1. Relation to head of the household

2. Sex
3. Age at last birth day
4. Current marital status
5. Age at marriage
6. Religion
7. Name of Scheduled Caste / Scheduled Tribe
 8. Mother tongue
9. Other languages Known
10. Highest educational level attained
11. If attending educational institution
12. Disability status
13. Worker / non –worker
14. Main Worker / Marginal Worker
15. Economic activity of the main or marginal worker
16. Non –economic activity of Marginal worker and non –worker
17. Marginal worker or non-worker – seeking / available for work
18. Distance and mode of travel to place of work
19. Place of Birth
20. Place of last residence
21. Duration of residence at place of enumeration
22. Reason for migration
23. For ever married women
1. Number of children ever born
2. Number of children surviving
24. For currently married women
1. Births during previous year
25. For the cultivation households
1. Area of land cultivated
2. Tenancy status

MIGRATION –

One important facet of study on population is the study of migration arising out of various social, economic or
political reasons.

For a large country like India, the study of movement of population in different parts of the country helps in
understanding the dynamics of the society better.

When a person is enumerated in census at a different place than his / her place of birth, she / he is considered a
migrant.
Opportunities in urban areas for employment, education, etc have been a pull factor attracting migrants from rural to
urban areas and from smaller towns and cities to larger urban areas.

There is also migration in the opposite direction from urban to rural areas due to various reasons.

HOUSING –

Information on housing stock and its condition collected during each census reveals condition of living of the people.

According to Census 2001, 187 million hoses have been reported t be used residence or residence-cum-other use by
about 192 million households.

Thus more than one house holds has been reported from some of the houses.

The condition of nearly 94 million of these houses has been reported as ‘Good’, nearly 83 million as ‘Liveable’ and 10
million as ‘Dilapidated’.

This large number of households living in ‘Dilapidate’. House surely needs immediate attention.
CLASSIFICATION OF HOUSING ON BASIS OF MATERIAL USED –

1. About 38 million households have concrete roof on their house.

2. Nearly 63 million have tiled roof and another 53 million have ‘Grass’ thatch, etc, as the material for the roof.
3. For wall, nearly 84 million households have reported use of ‘Burnt brick’ and about 62 million ‘Mud / Unburnt
brick’.
4. Nearly 110 million households have mud flooring and about 51 million cement flooring.
5. Only about 14 million households have floor of mosaic and floor of mosaic and floor tiles.
6. Houses have been classified as permanent, Semi permanent or Temporary based on the type of material use
in construction of wall and roof.
7. Nearly 99 million of the 187 million houses are of Permanent category, 58 million semi-permanent and 35
million temporary.
8. Nearly 22 million of the temporary houses have been reported as ‘Serviceable’ while the balance 13 million
are ‘Non serviceable’ depending on whether the wall of house was ‘mud’, unburnt bricks or wood’ or ‘grass’
thatch, bamboo, etc., or plastic or polythene.

AVAILABILITY OF AMENITIES AND ASSETS –

The quality of life of persons depends, among other factors, upon the amenities and assets available to them.

Though, remarkable achievements have been made in extending basic amenities to them, there are still large
areas of deprivation, which requires urgent attention.

The census 2001 collected data on amenities and assets available to each household in the country. Highlight
from the data collected are as follows:

1. 74 million (38.5%) households, out of 192 million households in the country have only one dwelling
room for living.
2. Drinking water facility is available within the premise to 75 million (39.0%) households only.
3. 32 million (16.7%) households have to fetch drinking water from sources which are at least 500
meters away in case of towns.
 4. Hand pump/Tube well is the most popular source of drinking water reported to be used by 79 million
(41.2%) households.
5. Electricity as the source of lighting is available to 107 million (55.8%) households.
6. Only 69 million households (36.1%) have bathroom within the house.
7. 123 million (64.0%) households do not have latrine within the house.
8. Fire wood is still the mostly used source for fuel for cooking reported by 101 million (52.5%)
households in the country.
9. LPG as fuel for cooking is used by 34 million (17.5%) household.
10. Availability of assets portrays a varied picture. Whereas 67 million (35.1%) households have Radio or
Transistor, Television is available to 61 million (31.6%) households in the country.
11. There are 84 million (43.7%) households owning bicycles.
12. About 5 million (2.5%) households in the country own at least one car, Jeep or Van.
13. 66 million (34.5%) households do not have any of the specified assets in Census 2001.
14. 68 million (35.5%) households avail banking facility in the country.

REFERENCE – https://censusindia.gov.in/census_and_you/housing.aspx
HOUSES & HOUSING CONDITION IN INDIA- CENSUS 2011
DATA ITEM COLLECTED IN CENSUS – House listing Operations (YEAR 2011)

1. Predominant Materials of Roof and Wall of Census Houses Occupied

2. Predominant Material of Floor of Census Houses Occupied
3. Ownership Status of The Census Houses , Size of The Household and Number of Dwelling Rooms
4. Source and Location of Drinking Water and Availability of Electricity and Latrine
5. Availability of Bathing Facility and Type of Drainage Connectivity for Waste Water Outlet
6. Availability of Separate Kitchen and Type of Fuel Used for Cooking
7. Availability of Type of Latrine Facility
8. Banking Services and Number of Households Having Each of The Specified Assets
9. Type of Structure of The Census Houses Occupied

REFERENCE –
http://mohua.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/Housing_in_India_Compendium_English_Version2.pdf

http://mospi.nic.in/statistical-year-book-india/2018/197

https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/hlo/Slum_table/Slum_table.html