DERIVATIVES

Grade XI

By: Team MGMP SMA Santo Aloysius Bandung

 WHAT IS
DERIVATIVES?
Derivatives is similar with a part of speech in English. It is
a category of words or a class of words based on the
word’s function, the way it works in a sentence.

The parts of speech are Noun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb,

Pronoun, Preposition, conjunction and interjection.
 PARTS OF
01 SPEECH:
ADJECTIVE

ADVERB 02

03 VERB

NOUN 04
 ADJECTIVE
ADJECTIVE is a word which modifies a Noun RULES
or a Pronoun.
An Adjective is used:
e.g. Karina (She) is smart.
Karina is a smart girl.  After auxiliary verb of “to be” (is/am/are;
was/were; been)
Adjective in the form of ‘ing’ (Present/Active e.g. Andy is kind.
Participle) has an active meaning.
e.g. The film was interesting.  After Linking verbs (to be, to become, to
It was an interesting film. look, to seem, to appear, to sound, to taste,
to smell, to feel, to keep, to grow, to get)
Adjective in the form of ‘V3’ (Past Participle) e.g. Andy looks kind.
has a passive meaning.
e.g. They were interested in that film.  Before noun
They were interested audiences. e.g. Andy is a kind student.
 Adjectives
Many adjectives have their own characters of suffixes like:
-ive : expensive, communicative
-ous : delicious, generous, ambitious
-al : beneficial, practical
-ful : useful, careful
-less : useless, painless
-ic : symbolic
-ary : elementary, supplementary, obligatory
-some : troublesome, quarrelsome
-ish : childish, foolish
-able/ible : washable, edible
-ing/ed : interesting / interested, boring/bored, frightening/frightened
 Most Adverbs derive from Adjective + ly
ADVERB Adjective Adverb
careful carefully
slow slowly
ADVERB is a word which modifies a Verb, an
Adverb, an Adjective, or a Preposition. Exception:
Adjective Adverb
Example:
 Vanessa sings beautifully. good
fast
well
fast
the adverb comes after verbs hard hard
high high
 Vanessa sings extremely beautifully. late late
the adverb comes after adverb near near
far far
 Vanessa is absolutely beautiful. Soon
Long
soon
long
the adverb comes before adjective wrong wrong
early early
 Vanessa is standing exactly behind the
stage.
the adverb comes before preposition
Verb is used: VERB
 As a predicate of a sentence / after a subject.
e.g. Bobby succeeded in winning the game.

 After modals Prefixes and Suffixes

e.g. She should deserve my reward. for verb:

 After ‘to’ (used as an Infinitive) -en : sharpen, shorten,

lengthen
e.g. To chat with her will be enjoyable for us.
en- : enlarge, enrich,
endanger
-fy : beautify, pacify
-ate : generate,
eliminate
-ze : criticize
NOUN  After limiting adjectives: some, several, a
lot of, many, much, a few, a little, etc.
e.g.: Did he need much assistance?
NOUN is used:

 After an article: a/an (indefinite article) and

 After demonstrative adjectives (this, that,
the (definite article) these, those)
e.g.: We will take an examination next May. e.g.: This success of yours is due to your
untiring effort.
 After possessive: my, your, his, her, our, their, its,
Lydia’s, Markus’, etc. Noun
e.g.: They didn’t like his interference. -ion : examination, education, illusion
-ment : agreement, advertisement
 After preposition: in, on at, for, from, behind, etc. -ity : stupidity, simplicity
e.g.: I want to see them live in peace. -ness : cleverness, thickness
-ence/ance : excellence, reluctante
 As a subject of a sentence
-age
-ship
: shortage, leakage
: hardship, friendship
e.g.: Education is absolutely important. -or/er/ist : indicator, prayer, physicist
-ism : criticism
 As an object of a sentence
e.g.: Mother lost patience with him when she
saw him smoking
Exercise 1

1. success
If you want to (a)_________ in your study, you must study hard. I am sure you will be (b)___________
and you will be able to do everything (c)______________if you don’t forget to study diligently and pray
sincerely everyday. You will achieve (d) ______________, I guarantee.

2. happy
The students appear (a)________. They are (b)________students. They always study (c)_________.
Their (d) __________ often makes their teachers (e)__________ too.

3. peace
When she was confused, I always attempted to (a)________ her heart. I wanted to see her live in
(b)__________ . I wanted to see her live in a (c) __________ life. I wanted her to live (d)___________.
 Exercise 2: Fill with the correct derivatives from the word in brackets!

1. I had decided to leave the company but the director would not accept my
________________(resign).
2. Look at Bryan! He is so ____________ (energy).
3. We have to admit that Soekarno, the former president, was one of the most
_____________(influence) figures in our country.
4. He gets on very well because he always works __________________(method).
5. In such darkness, ___________________(recognize) was impossible.
6. He ________________ (voluntary) for the work although we didn’t ask him to.
7. Do you agree that travel can ____________(broad) your mind?
8. Being _____________(ambition) is good as long as you do it honestly.
9. With so few examples, you shouldn’t __________________(general).
10. The news of Scott’s sudden ______________ (die) shocked the world.
THANK YOU!