Sour

ce:Dawn
Ôpi
niont
it
le:
Backt
othef
utur
e
Dat
e:Febr
uar
y01,
2021
Wr
it
er:
Mal
eehaLodhi
THEAf ghanpeacepr ocessi
snowonhol dasthe
negotiatingpar t
ies—aswel lasther egi
on—awai tthe

31
outcomeoft henewUSadmi ni
strati
on’srevi
ew‫ﻧﯽ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﻧﻈ‬
of

6
55
i
tsAf ghani stanpolicy
.Topoffi
cialsoftheBiden

57
administ rati
onhav eannounced‫ﺎ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﺍﻋﻼﻥﮐ‬thatt
heywould
rev
iewt heFebr uary2020agr 00
eementf orged‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺎﺗﮭ‬
‫ﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻃﮯﭘ‬
03
betweent heUSandTal i
baninDohaay earago.
ah

Earli
ert hismont h,USSecr etaryofSt at
eAnt onyBlinken
Sh

toldCongr essdur inghi sconf i

rmat ionhear ingt hatthe
li
rA

admi nistrati
onwoul d“ hav etolookcar efull
yatwhathas
si

beennegot i
at ed‫ﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺎﺕﭼ‬ ‫ﺑ‬tounder standf ull
ywhat
as

commi tment s‫ﺪﮮ‬ ‫ﮨ‬‫ﺎ‬

‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬ wer emadebyt heTal ibanandt osee
ub

wher et heygetwi tht hei rnegotiati

onswi ththegov ernment
M

ofAf ghani stan” .Heal somadei tplain‫ﺎﺣﺖﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺎﻑﻭﺿ‬ ‫ﺻ‬t hat

Washi ngt onwant edt o“ endthisso- call
edf or everwar ”and
“bri
ngf or ceshome” .Andheaddedt hattheUSmaywant
to“retain‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻨ‬
‫ﮐﮭ‬ ‫ﺭﺭ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺑ‬somecapaci tytodeal wit hany
resurgence‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻨ‬‫ﭨﮭ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺮﺳﮯﺟﯽ‬ ‫ﮩﮭ‬ ‫ﭘ‬ofterrori
sm” .
USNat
ional
Secur
it
yAdv
iserJakeSul
l
ivanr
eit
erat
ed‫ﺭ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺑ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻧ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﮨ‬‫ﺩ‬thesamemessagedur ingacal lt
ohi sAf ghan
counterpart‫ﻨﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫۔‬‫ﻢ‬H
‫ﮨ‬amdul lahMohi b.Hewasci tedas
sayinghe“ madecl eart heUni tedSt ates’intent i
onto
revi
ew”t he(Doha)deal andcheckwhet hert heTal i
banare
“l
ivi
ngupt o[t
heir]commi tment st ocutt i
eswi thterr
ori
st
groups,reducev i
ol ence‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺗﺸ‬inAf ghanistan,andengagei n
meani ngfulnegotiationswi ththeAf ghangov ernmentand

31
otherstakeholders” .Inqui ckr esponse, aTal iban

6
spokesman‫ﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺮﺟ‬‫ﺗ‬decl ar ed‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻋﻼﻥﮐ‬ ،‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻧ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺭﮐ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ﺍ‬theywoul d

55
“honourtheagr eement ”andexpect“ theot hersi deto

57
remaincommi tt
edt ot heiragr eementt oo” .
00
03
Noneoft hisi sasurprise.Anyi ncomi ngadmi nist
ration
ah

canbeexpect edt oexami neafreshagr eementsmadeby

Sh

i
tspr edecessor ‫ﮧ‬‫ﻘ‬
‫ﺑ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺳ‬.Butwhatwi l
lthismeanf oref f
or t
sto
li

fi
ndanegot iatedendt oAf ghanistan’slongwar ?Andf or
rA

withdrawal‫ﭘﺴﯽ‬ ‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬oftheremai ni
ng2, 500USf orces,
si
as

pledged‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﺪﮐ‬ ‫ﮩ‬‫ﻋ‬forMay2021undert heDohadeal ,i
n
ub

exchangef orTal i
banguar anteest opr eventAlQaedaand
M

otherterr
oristgroupsf rom oper at
ingi nAfghanistan.Firm
answer stothesequest i
onswi llonlyemer ge‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﺑﮭ‬‫ﺍ‬
،‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻧ‬‫ﺁ‬‫ﻨﮯ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺳ‬
oncet hereviewi sconcluded.
TheUSmayshiftt
heMayti
meli
neofitswit
hdr
awalt
o
ensur
etheTal
i
ban’scompl
i
ance‫ﯿﻞ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﺗ‬wit
hcommit
ments.
Ther
ear
ehowev
erpoi
nter
stot
hedi
rect
iont
her
evi
ew
mightt ake.Pr esi
dentJoeBi denhasl ongbeen
averse‫ﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺨ‬t oprolongedUSmi li
taryengagementi n
Afghani stan.Asv icepr esidentheopposedt hemi l
itar
y
surge‫ﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﯾ‬‫ﯿﮟﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻣ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﻣ‬presidentObamaor deredi n2009and
urged‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺭﺩ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺮﺯ‬‫ﻡﭘ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺎﮐ‬‫ﺎﺕﯾ‬ ‫ﮐﺴﯽﺑ‬anar rowdef i
nit
ionofUS
i
nterestsf ocusedoncount ert
errori
sm.Headv ocatedan
endt o“f oreverwar s”ofteni nvoking‫ﻧ‬
‫ﺑﻼﺎ‬t
heVi etnam

31
experiencet osuppor thisst ance‫ﺮ‬‫ﮧﻧﻈ‬‫ﻘﻄ‬‫ﻧ‬
.

6
55
57
Thesev iewsandt hef actt hatt heUSt rooppul louti snow
sof ardownt heroad‫ﯿﮟ‬ ‫ﺒﻞﻣ‬ ‫ﻘ‬‫ﺘ‬ 00
‫ﻣﺴ‬suggest st hatt heBi den
03
admi nistrationisunl ikely‫ﯿﮟ‬ ‫ﮩ‬
‫ﺎﻥﻧ‬ ‫ﮑ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺍ‬
tor ev er seor
ah

signifi
cant lychangecour sef r om whathasbeenagr eed
Sh

undert heDohaaccor d‫ﮦ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﮨ‬‫ﺎ‬

‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬, whi chisi ni tsinter estt o
li
rA

affi
rm.Thepol i
ti
cal cont extt ooi ssigni ficantgi v enpubl i
c
si

fati
gue‫ﻭﭦ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﮑ‬‫ﺗﮭ‬wi t
hal ong, unwi nnablewar .Dur i
ngt hey ear
as

sincet heagr eementwassi gnedt her ehasbeenno

ub

Amer i
cancasual ty‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﺛ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺣ‬, ‫ﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻣ‬i
nAf ghani st anwi tht he
M

Talibanadher i
ng‫ﺍ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﻤﻞﭘ‬ ‫ﻋ‬tot hei rcommi tmentnott oattack
US/ Nat of orces.Anypol icychanget hatr iskst hel ossof
USl ivesi snotal ikelyopt i
on, thepol it
ical costofwhi ch
willbehi gh.Anot herindi cationofpol i
cycont i
nui tyisthe
decisionannouncedbyBl i
nkeni nhi sf irstpr ess
conf erencet or etain‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﮐﮭ‬ ‫ﺭﺭ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻗ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺑ‬speci al r
epr esent ati
v e
ZalmayKhal il
zad, appar ent l
yt il
lMay .
Somepol icycl aritymayemer gef rom Washi ngt onbef orea
Natodef encemi nistersmeet i
ngschedul edf orFeb18i n
Brusselswi thAf ghani stanont heagenda, ev ent hought he
revi
ewwoul dt akel onger .Eur opeanshav ebeen
scepti
cal ‫ﮑﯽ‬‫ﺷ‬aboutat otaltroopwi thdr awal i
nMaygi v en
i
ntensifyingv iolencei nAf ghani stan.Thatmay
i
nfluence‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬
‫ﻮ‬‫ﺯﮨ‬ ‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻧ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺛ‬‫ﺍ‬ther eview.Bi denhasi nthepast

31
arguedf orret ainingasmal l
count erterrori
sm f orcein

6
Afghanistan, av i
ewBl inkenechoedi nhi s

55
congressi onal‫ﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﺠ‬t estimony ‫ﺍﻫﯽ‬‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﮔ‬.Butitisquest i
onabl e

57
whethert hiscanbenegot iatedwi tht heTaliban, whoar e
00
03
unli
kelytoagr eet oanyki ndofr esidual ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﺑ‬forcei n
Afghanistan.Thi scoul dbeadeal br eakerandmayl eadt o
ah

thecollapseoft heDohaaccor d—anout comet hatwill

Sh

maket hepr esenceofi nternat i

onal forces
li
rA

unsustainabl e‫ﮑﻢ‬ ‫ﺘﺤ‬‫ﺮﻣﺴ‬ ‫ﯿ‬‫ﻏ‬andputt hepeacepr ocessatr i

sk.
si
as

WhiletheAf ghanpol icyreviewmaynotaddnewUS

ub

conditi
ons( assomei ntheAf ghangov ernmenthope)
M

i
ndicationsar et
hatt heBi dent eam wi l
lwantexist
ing
conditi
onst obeef fecti
velymetandi nsi
ston
i
mpl ement ati
onofal laspect s‫ﻭﮞ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﮩ‬
‫ﭘ‬oft heDoha
agreement .AsBar nettRubi n( f
ormerspeci al
adv i
seratt
he
StateDepar tment)toldme: “I
ndeci dingonhowbestt o
i
mpl ementt heagreement ,theUSi sl i
kelytofol
lowthe
provisi
onoft heagr eementst ati
ngt hatall
ofits
component sare‘i
nter-
rel
ated’.
”Accordi
ngtohim, t
he
Bidenadministr
ati
on“ wil
lfocusoncompr ehensi
ve‫ﻊ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﻭﺳ‬
i
mpl ementati
onoft heDohaagr eementtoensureasafe
USwi t
hdrawalbutal soengageinrobust‫ﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺒ‬
‫ﻣﻀ‬regi
onal
di
plomacyt obackt hatup”.
TheBi denadmi nistrati
oniswi del yexpect edtor eaffi
rm
thef r
amewor koftheDohaagr eement .Butther eisevery

31
possibi li
tythatitwillpusht heTal i
banmuchhar derto

6
55
ensur et heyare,asaUSNat i
onal Secur i
tyCounci l

57
spokesper sonputi t,“l
iv
ingupt otheircommi tment stocut
ti
eswi thterrori
stgr oups,r 00
educev i
olencei nAf ghanistan,
03
andengagei nmeani ngfulnegot i
ationswi ththeAf ghan
ah

gov ernmentandot herstakehol ders”.APent agon

Sh

spokesmansai dasmuchbutaddedt hatWashi ngton

li

remai nscommi tt
edt otheagr eement .Amor eser i
ousUS
rA

effortisal soli
kelyai medatel icit
ing‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﺎﺻﻞﮐ‬ ‫ﺣ‬Tal i
ban
si
as

assur ancest hatwomen’ srightsandhumanr ightsar e

ub

protect edandr espect ed.

M

Inordertosecur ecompliance‫ﯿﻞ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﺗ‬wi t
hthese
commi tment sWashi ngt
onmayshi f
ttheMayt imeframeof
i
tsfinalwithdrawalmakingi tcont
ingent‫ﺮﻁ‬‫ﺑﺸ‬on
compr ehensiveimplement ati
onoftheDohaagr eement,
especiall
yreductionofviolenceandrealprogressinint
ra-
Afghant al
ks.Howt heTali
banwi l
lreacttoadelayed
pull
outisanopenquest ion.
Asakeyst akeholderPaki stanshouldengageear lywi th
theBidenadmi ni
strationtoconv ey‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻨﭽ‬‫ﮩ‬‫ﭘ‬
itsv i
ewssot hat
therevi
ewt akesthem i ntoaccount.Isl
amabadi slooki ng
toWashi ngtont oreaffirm‫ﯾﻖ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﮦﺗﺼ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺑ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺩ‬theDohaagr eement
andbelievest hati
tof fersthebestandper hapsonl y
chancef oranegot iatedpeace.Thi swar r
ant sacti
v eUS
backingfort hepeacet al
ksandpr essingbot h,notj ustone

31
ofthepar t
ies,towar dsaset tl
ement .ButiftheUSdeci des

6
todelaythedeadl inef orit
swi t
hdrawal i
twi l
l needmuch

55
eff
orttopr eventthepeacepr ocessf r
om unr avell
ing‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻠﺠﮭ‬‫ﺳ‬.

57
Thewr
it
eri
saf
ormerambassadort
ot 00
heUS,
UKandUN.
03
Publ
i
shedi
nDawn,
Febr
uar
y1st
,2021
ah
Sh
li
rA
si
as
ub
M
Sour
ce:
Dawn
Ar
ti
clet
it
le:Educat
ionemer
gency
Dat
e:Febr
uar
y01,
2021
RECENTLY, ont heI nternat ional DayofEducat i
on, UN
Secr etar yGener alAnt óni oGut errescommended‫ﯾﻒﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﺗ‬
student sandt eacher sf orthei rresi l
ience‫ﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﮯﮐﯽﻗ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺑﮭ‬‫ﺍ‬

31
duringt heCov id-19pandemi c, whi chhasdi srupt ed‫ﻭﭦﮈ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﮐ‬‫ﺭ‬

6
55
‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬educat ionandl ear ningf orcount l
essst udent sar ound

57
thewor ld.Howev er, anest i
mat ed44pcofal l Paki stani
childrenbet weent heagesoff i00
veand16wer enotev en
03
goingt oschool inthef irstpl ace, andt hef igur eis
ah

noticeabl y‫ﭘ‬
‫ﺭﺮ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺎﮞﻃ‬ ‫ﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻧ‬higherf orgi rlst hanboy s.On
Sh

Wednesday ,t
heAgaKhanUni versity’sI nst
itut efor
Educat i
onal Dev elopmentconduct edanonl i
nedi scussi on
li
rA

onout -of-school childreni nPaki stan, l

ookingi ntosomeof
si

ther easonswhysuchal argeper cent ageoft hepopul ation

as

hasnev ersteppedf ooti nsideacl assr oom, orhasdr opped

ub

outbef orecompl etingt hei rstudi es.Ev enthoughAr ticle

M

25-Aoft heConst i
tut i
ondi rect sthatt hest at epr ov i
def ree
andcompul soryeducat iont oallchi ldrenbet weent he
agesoff iveand16, anest imat ed22. 8m chi ldrenar enoti n
school —t hesecondhi ghestf i
gur ei nt hewor ldf ort hat
agebr acket ,accordi ngt oUni cef.Fur t
her mor e, asnot edi n
theI EDdi scussion, Paki stan’spopul ationrat ei sr i
singat
analar
mingrat
e,andthenumberofout
-of
-schoolchi
ldr
en
wil
lonl
ygrowinthenearfut
ure,ast
hedi
stancebetween
demandandsupplyi
ncreases.
Ther easonsbehi ndlowat tendanceandhi ghdr opout
ratesismani fold‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﮐﺊﮔ‬ ,butprimar il
yconnect edt opov ert
y
andaccessi bil
ityissues.Ther ear esimpl ynotenough
school sint hecount ry—par ti
cularlyforsecondar yand

31
higherst udies, andespeci all
yinr uralareas—and

6
55
transportexpensesr emai namaj orconcer nf orpar ents,

57
alongwi thal ltheot herexpenses.Chi l
drenhav et owal k
l
ongdi st
ances, oftenwi t
hheav 00
yschool bags, andi fthere
03
i
snoonet oaccompany‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬
‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻩﻫ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬them, par entsmayoptt o
ah

taket hem outandputt hem t owor k—i nsidet hehomeor

Sh

outside.Addi tional l
y,ifthereisagapi nt heirst udies,as
li

therewi l
l bewi tht hepandemi c,chi l
drenort hei rfami l
ies
rA

areof tenr el
uct ant‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻣ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺿ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻧ‬toreturnt oclass.Thest at
e
si
as

mustwakeupt ot hi
saspectoft hechal l
enge.
ub
M

Publ
i
shedi
nDawn,
Febr
uar
y1st
,2021
Sour
ce:DAWN
Ar
ti
clet
it
le:Kashmi
rChal
lenges
Dat
e:Febr
uar
y01,
2021
Edi
tedbyMubassi
rAl
iShahWhat
sApp03005755631

31
ITishar dtodi sagreewi thUNSecr etaryGener al António

6
Gut er
res’sasser ti
on‫ﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﻮ‬
‫ﺩﻋ‬t hatPaki stanandI ndiamust

55
discusst heKashmi rissueandt hatanymi l
it
ary

57
conf r
ontation‫ﺩﯼ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺯ‬
‫ﺁ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺤ‬bet weent het woSout hAsi an
00
03
stateswi l
lresultin“ adisast er‫ﮑﻦ‬ ‫ﮨ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺒ‬‫ﺗ‬ofunmi ti
gat ed‫ﺯ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﺘ‬
‫ﻣ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺑﻼ‬
‫ﻟﯽ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻧﮯﻭ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﮧﮐﻢﮨ‬ ‫ﻧ‬
proportions” .Replyingt oaquest i
ondur i
nga
ah

pressconf erencei nNewYor k,t

heUNchi efaddedt hat
Sh

“ourgoodof fi
cesar eal way sav ailable”incaset hepar ti
es
li
rA

want edtoav ailtheopt iont odiscusst heproblem.

si

Howev er
, t
hei ssueher ei sthatMrGut err
es’soff ercan
as

onlybr i
ngr esultswhenbot hpar ti
esar einterestedina
ub

negot i
atedset tl
ementt ot hedisput e.Whenonesi de—
M

India—keepshar ping‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﮨ‬‫ﺎﺕﺩ‬ ‫ﻮﺉﺑ‬‫ﺭﮐ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺑ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬onthesamet une,
i
nsi st
ingKashmi risan‘ internal’mat ter,t
hereisl it
tl
et hat
thir
dpar ti
escando.
Wit
houtdoubtthelackofpr
ogressontheKashmirdisput
e
‫ﮧ‬
‫ﺯﻋ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﺗ‬
haspoisonedtheatmospherei
nSouthAsiasince
i
ndependence.Tensi
onsint
hedisput
edregi
onhav e
resul tedi nsev eralwar sandnumer ousski rmi shes‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺼ‬ .
Paki stan, fori t spar t
, hasal way sof feredt onegot i
atea
solut i
ont hati saccept ablet ot heKashmi ris, buthas
most lybeenr ebuf fed‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﮑ‬
‫ﻧ‬‫ﺍ‬.Thepr esentf eder al government
hasal soof fer edt otakest epst owar dspeacei fIndia
recipr ocat es‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﯾ‬ ‫ﺍﺏﺩ‬ ‫ﻮ‬
‫ﺟ‬, whileI slamabadhast ri
edt oi mpr ov e
relationst hroughpeopl e-to-peopl econt acts.Theopeni ng

31
oft heKar tar purCor ridori sacasei npoi nt.Howev er,the

6
Indianr esponse, particular lyundert heBJP’ swat ch, t
o

55
theseov ertur es‫ﻧﮯﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺋﻢﮐ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺎﺕﻗ‬ ‫ﻘ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﮧﺗ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬
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57
‫ﻮﺷﺶ‬ ‫ﮐ‬hasbeenl esst hanent husiastic‫ﻮﺵ‬ ‫ﺮﺟ‬ ‫ﭘ‬.Ther ehav e
00
03
beenconsi stentat t
acksal ongt heLoC, l
eadi ngt oahi gh
numberofci viliancasual ti
es, whiletheI ndi an
ah

mi sadv ent ur eof2019i nwhi chNewDel hi’

sj et s(oneof
Sh

whi chwasshotdown)v i
ol atedPaki staniai rspace, i
sa
li
rA

primeexampl eoft hebr i

nkmanshi pt hiscount ry’
seast er n
si

neighbourhasi ndulged‫ﻮﺙ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻣ‬i nev ersi ncet heBJPt ookt he

as

reins‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﮕ‬‫ﻟ‬ofpower .Andofcour se, mat tersinI ndia-

held
ub

Kashmi rhav ebeenf urthercompl icatedaf terI ndia

M

annul led‫ﻮﺥ‬ ‫ﻨﺴ‬‫ﻣ‬t heoccupi edr egion’sspeci al const i

tutional
statusi nAugust2019, i
nef fecttocr usht heKashmi ris’
aspi rati
ons‫ﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﮨﺸ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺧ‬forf reedom anddi gnity‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻭ‬.Insucha
sit
uat i
on, Indi ahascl earlyshownt hatitisnotr eadyfor
peace.
Howev
er,
Paki
stanshoul
dcont
inuei
tsef
for
tst
oresol
ve
theissuepeacef ull
ybecauseami li
taryconf rontationi n
thisregi onwoul dbedev ast ati
ng‫ﮦﮐﻦ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫ﺗ‬,ast heUNchi efhas
obser ved.Butf orpeacet osucceed, t
heUNaswel las
global power smustr eal i
set hatIndianeedst ochangei t
s
belli
gerent‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﮕﺠ‬ ‫ﻨ‬
‫ﺟ‬post ure‫ﻭﭖ‬ ‫ﺭ‬.I
tisnotonl yPaki stant hat
hasbeenhav ingtroubleal ongi t
sbor derwi thI ndia;the
recentcl ashesont heIndi a-Chinesef rontiershowt hat

31
NewDel hi i
si nanaggr essi vemoodandkeeps

6
provoki ng‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺎﮞﮐ‬‫ﺍﺳ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﮨ‬it
snei ghbour s.Ther eisst i
llachance

55
tobr i
ngpeacet oSout hAsi aifIndiarespondsposi ti
v el
yto

57
Pakistan’ sdesi refordialogue.Howev er,i
ft hepol it
icians
00
03
andgener al
si nIndiakeepmaki ngwar l
i
kenoi sesand
threateni ngt hiscount r
y,t heyshoul dunder standt hat
ah

Pakistancanandwi l
ldef endi tself
.
Sh
li

Publ
i
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nDawn,
Febr
uar
y1st
,2021
rA
si
as
ub
M
l
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eatht
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nonyms
andrel
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I
nacor por
ation,
astakehol
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groupswithoutwhosesupporttheor
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631
DOHAAGREEMENTTheAf ghanpeacepr ocess

55
compr i
sest hepr oposal sandnegot i
ationsi nabi dt o

57
endt heongoi ngwari nAf ghani stan.Al though
sporadicef fortshav et
00
akenpl acesi ncet hewarbegan
03

i
n2001, negoti
ationsandt hepeacemov ement
ah

i
ntensi f
iedi n2018ami dt al ksbet weent heTal iban,
Sh

whichi st hemai ninsur gentgr oupf ightingagai nstt he

li
rA

Afghangov ernmentandAmer icant roops; andt he

si

UnitedSt at
es,ofwhi cht housandsofsol diers
as

maint ai
napr esencewi thint hecount ryt osuppor tthe
ub

Afghangov ernment .[1]Besi dest heUni tedSt ates,

M

regi
onal power ssuchasPaki stan, ChinaandRussi a,
aswel l
asNATOpl ayapar ti nfacili
tatingt hepeace
process. [2]
[3]
[4]Twopeacet reat i
eshav ebeensi gned
sofar :anagr eementbet weent heAf ghangov ernment
ofPr esidentAshr afGhani andt heHezb- iIsl
ami
Gulbuddi nmi li
tantgrouponSept ember22, 2016, [
5]
 andacondi tionalagreementbet weentheU. S.andt he
TalibanonFebr uary29,2020,[6]
[7]whichcallsforthe
withdrawal ofAmer i
cantroopswi t
hin14mont hsif
theTal ibanuphol dthetermsoft heagreement .[8]
[9]
Aftertheagr eementbet weent heU.S.andt heTal i
ban,
i
nsur gentat tacksagainstAfghansecur i
tyforceswer e
repor t
edt ohav esurgedinthecount r
y .
[10]

31
Not withstanding,tal
ksbetweenof fi
cial
sf r
om t he

6
Afghanst ateandt heTali
banar eongoingsince

55
Sept ember2020i nDoha, Qatar.

57
TheVi etnam War( Vi et 00
namese: Chiếnt ranhVi ệtNam) ,
03
alsoknownast heSecondI ndochi naWar ,
[54]andi n
ah

Vietnam ast heResi stanceWarAgai nstAmer i

ca
Sh

(Vietnamese: Khángchi ếnchốngMỹ )orsi mpl yt he

li

Amer i
canWar ,wasaconf l
ictinVi etnam, Laos, and
rA

Cambodi afrom 1Nov ember1955[ A1]t ot hef allof

si
as

Saigonon30Apr i
l1975. [8]Itwast hesecondoft he
ub

IndochinaWar sandwasof fici

allyfoughtbet ween
M

Nor t
hVi etnam andSout hVi etnam.Nor thVi etnam
wassuppor tedbyt heSov i
etUni on, China,[12]and
othercommuni stallies; Sout hViet nam was
suppor tedbyt heUni tedSt at es,Sout hKor ea, the
Phili
ppines, Australia,Thai l
and, andot herant i-
communi stalli
es.[55] [56]Thewar ,consi der edaCol d
War -eraproxywarbysome, [57]l asted19y ears, wit
h
 dir
ectU.S.invol
vementendi
ngin1973,andi
ncluded
theLaot
ianCi vi
lWarandtheCambodianCiv
ilWar,
whichendedwi thal
lthr
eecount
ri
esbecoming
communi stin1975

TheNor t
hAt l
ant
icTreatyOrganizati
on,al
socal
ledthe
Nort
hAt l
anticAl
li
ance,i
sani ntergover
nmental
mil
it
aryalli
ancebetween30Eur opeanandNor t
h

31
Americancountr
ies.Theorganizati
onimplementsthe

6
55
Nort
hAt l
anticTr
eatythatwassi gnedon4Apr i
l1949.

57
TheUnitedNat i
onsChildr
en'sFund(UNI CEF),
ori
ginal
lyknownast heUnit
00
edNationsInternat
ional
03
Chil
dren'
sEmer gencyFund, wascreat
edbyt heUnit
ed
ah

Nati
onsGener alAssemblyon11December1946, to
Sh

provi
deemer gencyfoodandheal t
hcaret ochil
dren
li
rA

andmot hersincountr
iesthathadbeendev astatedby
si

WorldWarI I
.
as
ub

UNTheUni tedNat i
onsi sanintergovernment al
M

organi
zati
ont hataimst omaintaininternat
ionalpeace
andsecuri
ty,developf ri
endl
yrelati
onsamongnat ions,
achiev
einternati
onal cooper
ati
on, andbeacent r
ef or
harmonizi
ngt heactionsofnations.

SouthAsiaorSouther
nAsiaisthesouthernregi
onof
Asi
a,whichisdefi
nedinbothgeographicalandethno-
cul
tural
terms.Theregi
onconsist
sofAf ghanist
an,
 Paki
stan,
Indi
a,Nepal,
Bhut
an,
Bangl
adesh,
the
Maldi
vesandSriLanka.

LOCTheLi neofContr oli

sami l
it
arycontr
olli
ne
betweentheIndianandPaki stanicont
roll
edpart
sof
theformerpri
ncelystateofJammuandKashmi r—a
l
inewhichdoesnotconst i
tutealegall
yrecogni
zed
i
nternati
onalboundary,butservesasthedef act
o

31
border.

6
55
brinkmanshiptheartorpract
iceofpursui
nga

57
danger ouspoli
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mitsofsafet
ybefor
e
stopping,especi
all
yinpol
00
i
ti
cs.
03
ah

Today
'swor
dsSy
nony
ms
Sh

pr
edecessor(
noun):
forer
unner
;aper
sonwhohel
daj
obor
li

of
fi
cebeforethecur
renthol
der
.
rA
si

av
erse(
adject
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:against
;unwi
l
ling/hav
ingast
rong
as

di
sli
keoforopposit
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ub
M

test
imony(
noun):
evi
dence;decl
arat
ion/af
ormal
wr i
tt
en
orspokenst
atement
,especi
all
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nacourtoflaw.
r
esi
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ence(noun)
:pl
iabi
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ity;f
lexibi
l
ity
/thecapaci
tyt
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r
ecoverqui
cklyf
rom di
ff
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oughness.
r
eluct
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ect
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l
li
ngandhesi
tant
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sincl
i
ned.
mi
ti
gat
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b):
all
evi
ate;
reduce/make(
somet
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l
esssev
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ser
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orpai
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.
ski
rmi
sh(
noun)
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ght
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ash.
reci
procat
e(Ver
b):r
espondinkind;
respondt
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annul(
ver
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nval
idat
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/decl
arei
nval
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cial
agreement
,deci
sion,
orresult
).

31
bel
li
ger
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(adj
ect
ive)
:aggr
essi
ve;
host
il
e.

6
55
Today
sVocabul
aryandt
hei
rUse

57
rei
ter
ate‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻧ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﮨ‬
‫ﺭﺩ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺭﺑ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻮﺑ‬‫ﺎﺕﮐ‬
‫ﮐﺴﯽﺑ‬ 00
:shereit
eratedt
hatt
he
03
governmentwoul
dremai
nst
eadfasti
ni t
ssuppor
t
ah

r
esurgence‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻧ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﮦﮨ‬
‫ﺪ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﮦﺯ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺩ‬:ar
esur
genceofi
nter
esti
n
Sh

r
eli
gion.
li
rA

scept
ical
‫ﺎﺕ‬‫ﮩ‬
‫ﺒ‬‫ﻮﮎﻭﺷ‬‫ﮑ‬‫ﺷ‬:thepubl
icwer
edeepl
yscept
ical
si

aboutsomeoftheproposal
s.
as
ub

harp‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻧ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﮨ‬
‫ﺎﺕﺩ‬
‫ﻮﺉﺑ‬
‫ﺭﮐ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺭﺑ‬:
‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺑ‬Idon'
twantt
ohar
ponaboutt
he
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past.
rebuf
f‫ﺭ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﮑ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺍ‬
:Iaskedhert
obemywi
fe,
andwasr
ebuf
fedi
n
nouncert
ainterms.
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ub
as
si
rA
li
Sh
ah
03
00
57
55
631