ADVANCED ASSESSMENT IN ELT

“SUMMARY”
Group 5:
Elly Rosalina Susanti, Khotim Maslikhah, Nuri Ma’rifatil Laili

Day 6 (Tuesday, October 15th 2019) period 5-6

TEST OF LISTENING: DISCRETE, INTEGRATIVE, AND COMMUNICATIVE

A. Definition of Listening
Listening refers to a complex process that allows people (students and teachers)
understand spoken language.
In test of listening and other language skills, technique (types) of tests uses ‘verb’ KKO
to formulate learning objective (LO) and then to make Item Indicator (II) to write the
instruction.
LO  II  Instruction

Sometimes we are confused about basic competence for listening (menangkap

makna / meaning) which is actually the meaning of the text (dialogue, short functional,
essay). Therefore, there must be a respond either in speaking, listening, reading, or writing.
Listening responses can be:
 Physical response
 Written
Indicators
 Spoken
Adequacy from KD
 Adequate
 Relevant
 Exercise
Guided practice:
 Fully guided
 Partly guided
 Partly free
 Fully free
B. Listening Competence
Linguistics competence
1. Discriminate among the distinctive sounds of English.
 2. Retain chunks of language of different length in short-term memory.
3. Recognize English stress patterns, words in stressed and unstressed position.
4. Recognize reduced forms of words.
5. Distinguish word boundaries, recognize a core of words.
6. Process speech at different rates of delivery.
7. Process speech containing pauses, errors, corrections.
8. Recognize grammatical word classes (nouns, verbs, etc)
9. Detect sentence constituents.
10. Recognize that a particular meaning maybe expressed in different grammatical forms.
11. Recognize cohesive devices in spoken discourse.
Discourse Competence
1. Recognize the communicative function of utterences, according to situation,
participation, goals.
2. Infer situations, participants, goals using real-world knowledge.
3. From events, ideas, and so on, described, predict outcomes.
4. Distinguish between literal and implied meanings.
5. Use facial, kinesics, body language, and other nonverbal clues to get meanings.
6. Develop and use a battery of listening strategies.

C. The Scope of Listening

Intensive
Responsive
Selective
Extensive
D. Technique in Listening Test
1. Discrete
Multiple Choices
Example:
The test takers hear groups of three words:
1. A. but B. bed C. bet
2. A. sheep B. ship C. shape
3. A. cut B. cat C. cart
4. A. park B. mark C. shark
5. A. hurt B. heart C. hut
 True – False
Example:

Matching

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:
a) It is fast and easy to correct
b) It can be scored consistently and reliably
Disadvantages:
a) It is more difficult to prepare
 b) Cheating is fairly easy
c) Since the reading of multiple-choices option is required, students need to be literate in
English.
2. Integrative
Dictation
It can be; 1) dictation on word level, 2) dictation on sentence level, and 3) dictation on
discourse level.
Examples:
a. Give spelling of short words.
b. Spell the words slowly and students write the words.
c. Give a short sentence that has missing words.
d. Read slowly and the students write/fill blank/take notes. Pay attention to the juncture
e. Give a short sentence that has missing words.
f. Read slowly and the students write/fill blank/take notes. Pay attention to the juncture

Dicto-composition
1. Prepare notes for a lecture related to a reading assignment.
2. Ask students to take out a piece of paper for a dicto-comp.
3. Explain the directions for a dicto-comp.
a. Students will listen to a lecture three times.
b. The first time, students listen but do not write anything down.
c. The second time, students take notes. They should write as much as they can.
d. The third and last time, students fill in gaps in their notes.
4. Deliver the lecture to students three times, making the best effort to use the same
language each time.
5. Ask students to get into groups of three to (a) compare notes and (b) resolve differences
among their individual versions, focusing on main ideas and relevant details.
6. Finally, ask students some comprehension check questions and address student
questions about the content or the language of the lecture.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages:
1. Develops short term memory
2. It can be an excellent review exercise
3. It is Challenging
 4. Involves the whole class, no matter how large it is
5. Corrections can be done by the students
6. Can be prepared for any level
7. Dictation can help develop all four language skill in an integrative way
8. Provides feedback for students as well as teachers
Disadvantages :
1. Memorizing, the short term memory can be “overwhelmed” if they are too much that
the students does not understand.
2. Writing respecting the relation between sounds and letters is next to impossible if the
student did not understand and guessing does not always work. There is a great deal
of emphasis put on spelling mistakes in dictation yet there is very little work done to
help the students to perceive the basic sound-spelling. Correspondences revealed by
their dictation errors.
3. Syllabic but depends on a rhythmic group and which has no break between syllables.

3. Communicative
In context – teachers must give situation
Examples:
1. Game: Picture dictation, whispering, Simon says etc
2. Role Play
Advantages:

a) These closely approximate real-life communication

b) These are fast and easy to correct
c) These can be scored consistently and reliably
Limitation:
a) There is a need for students to be able to read English
b) It is rather difficult to findor prepare natural-sounding listening passage
c) There is possibility of students cheating on this test