LABORATORY NO.

TYPES OF SURVEYING

FIGURES TYPES DEFINITION

The process of surveying with
the assumption that the earth is
flat is known as plane surveying.
PLANE
This means that the earth's
SURVEYING
curvature or spherical shape is
ignored in plane surveying
calculations.

a type of surveying that is used to

GEODETIC determine the location of5 the
SURVEYING earth's curvature or spherical
shape.

The following are the three categories of surveying based on the nature of the field:
deals with bodies of water for
purpose of navigation, water
supply, harbor works or for
determination of mean sea level.
Measurement of stream
MARINE
discharge, topographic survey of
SURVEYING
coasts and banks, taking and
locating soundings to assess
water depth, and recording ocean
tidal oscillations are all part of
the job.
 determines the absolute location
of any point on the earth's
surface, as well as the absolute
ASTRONOMICAL
location and direction of any
SURVEYING
line. This entails making
observations of celestial bodies
like the sun or any fixed star.
Involved with natural and man-
made characteristics on land such
as rivers, streams, lakes, wood,
LAND SURVEYING hills, highways, trains, canals,
towns, water supply systems,
buildings and properties, and so
on.
It can also be divided into the following three categories:
Recording of coordinates and
height data for a specific survey
TOPOGRAPHICAL region, used to build spot height
SURVEY maps, contour maps, or more
complicated terrain models for
the area studied.
A survey of land boundaries and
subdivisions that is carried out to
establish or define the limits of a
title and to assess if a unit is
CADASTRAL appropriate for transfer. Surveys
SURVEY involving retracements for the
identification of property lines,
as well as resurveys for the
restoration of property lines, are
included.
 Involve the construction and
development of towns, such as
CITY SURVEY
roads, drainage, water supply,
sewage street network, and so on.
There are four different types of surveying based on the object:
a method of determining the
character, relationships,
GEOLOGICAL distribution, and origin or
SURVEYING process of formation of rock
masses and mineral resources in
a given location.

the process of identifying the

relative positions of points on or
beneath the earth's surface using
MINE SURVEYING
direct or indirect distance,
direction, and elevation
measurements.

a particular type of land

surveying used to report on the
ARCHAEOLOGICA discoveries found at an
L SURVEYING archeological site or to indicate
the site's link to the surrounding
environment.
They do land surveys, take
measurements, create maps, and
develop precise construction
designs and drawings. They are
MILITARY
also occasionally relied upon to
SURVEYING
offer maps and surveys that aid
in the location of military
objectives and the planning of
army movements.
Surveying can be classified into the following categories based on the methodologies
used:
the method of identifying the
location of a point by measuring
only angles to it from known
TRIANGULATION
points at each end of a defined
SURVEYING
baseline, rather than calculating
distances to a place directly as in
trilateration.
involves measuring the angles
formed by three survey control
points in a triangle. Each of the
TRAVERSE calculated distances is then used
SURVEYING as one of the sides in a new
triangle to calculate distances to
a new point, which can then be
used to start a new triangle.