ARELLANO UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF NURSING

CASE ANALYSIS
NURSING PHARMACOLOGY

NAME: YASSER A. RODI BRANCH: AU Legarda

INSTRUCTIONS. Answer the following questions. Write your answers neatly and clearly with complete
citation of reference used (with pages).

NURSING PHARMACOLOGY

1. What is PHARMACOLOGY? (1 point)

- Pharmacology is the study of how a drug affects a biological system and how the body
responds to the drug.

2. Give the different processes of Pharmacokinetics and explain each (2 point each)

 Absorption is the movement of a drug from its site of administration to the

bloodstream.
 Drug distribution is important because it can affect how much drug ends up in the active
sites, and thus drug efficacy and toxicity. A drug will move from the absorption site to
tissues around the body, such as brain tissue, fat, and muscle.
 Metabolism - Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes are responsible for the
biotransformation or metabolism of about 70-80% of all drugs in clinical use. Generally,
when a drug is metabolized through CYP450 enzymes, it results in inactive metabolites,
which have none of the original drug's pharmacologic activity.
 Excretion - Elimination involves both the metabolism and the excretion of the drug
through the kidneys, and to a much smaller degree, into the bile. Excretion into the
urine through the kidneys is one of the most important mechanisms of drug removal.

3. Explain the ff. (6 points)

 Onset is defined as the length of time insulin hits your bloodstream and begins to lower blood
glucose.
 Peak is the time during which insulin is at its “peak” or maximum effectiveness at lowering blood
glucose.
 Duration is the length of time insulin continues to lower blood glucose.

4. Give the 10 Rights of Drug Administration and Explain each. (10pts)

a. Right Drug - the first right of drug administration is to check and verify if it’s the right name
and form.
 b. Right Patient - ask the name of the client and check his/her ID band before giving the
medication. Even if you know that patient’s name, you still need to ask just to verify.

c. Right Dose - check the medication sheet and the doctor’s order before medicating. Be aware
of the difference between an adult and a pediatric dose.

d. Right Route - check the order if it’s oral, IV, SQ, IM, etc..

e. Right Time and Frequency - check the order for when it would be given and when was the last
time it was given.

f. Right Documentation - make sure to write the time and any remarks on the chart correctly.

g. Right History and Assessment - secure a copy of the client’s history to drug interactions and
allergies.

h. Drug approach and Right to Refuse - give the client enough autonomy to refuse the
medication after thoroughly explaining the effects.

i. Right Drug-Drug Interaction and Evaluation - review any medications previously given or the
diet of the patient that can yield a bad interaction to the drug to be given. Check also the expiry date of
the medication being given.

j. Right Education and Information - provide enough knowledge to the patient of what drug
he/she would be taking and what are the expected therapeutic and side effects.