Q1.

Trivial Solution; y = 0
2k
=𝛼
2k + 1
1
dy
∫ 𝛼
= ∫dt ⟹ y = ((1 - 𝛼)t) 1 - 𝛼
y
1
y(t) = ((1 - 𝛼)(t - 𝛾)) 1 - 𝛼 ; t⩾𝛾
0 ; t<𝛾

Q2.
(i)
yi+1 = yi + h[𝜃f(ti , yi ) + (1 - 𝜃)f(ti+1 , yi+1 )]

y(ti+1 ) = y(ti ) + h[𝜃 y'(ti ) + (1 - 𝜃) y'(ti+1 )] ------ 1

y'(ti+1 ) = y'(ti ) + hy''(ti ) + O h 2 ------ 2

y(ti+1 ) = y(ti ) + hy'(ti ) + (1 - 𝜃)h 2 y''(ti ) + O h 3 --------- 3

Taylor's series
h2
y(ti+1 ) = y(ti ) + hy'(ti ) + y''(ti ) + O h 3 ------ 4
2

1 2
Ei+1 = 𝜃 - h y''(ti ) + O h 3
2

(ii)
yi+1 = yi + hf (ti + (1 - 𝜃)h, 𝜃yi + (1 - 𝜃)yi+1 )

y(ti+1 ) = y(ti ) + h[𝜃y'(ti ) + (1 - 𝜃)y'(ti+1 )]

//
f(t, y) = y'
= dy / dt = (dy / dt') / (dt / dt')

t = ti + (1 - 𝜃)h & t' = t

y = 𝜃yi + (1 - 𝜃)yi + 1

f (ti + (1 - 𝜃)h, 𝜃yi + (1 - 𝜃)yi+1 ) = 𝜃y'i + (1 - 𝜃)y'i+1

//

4.
yi+1 = yi + hfi
h2
Ti+1 = y''(𝜂)
2
h2
|Ti+1 | ⩽ max| y''(𝜂)| y = e -2t 0⩽t⩽1
2
y(0.5) = y0 - 2hy0 = 0
y(1) = 0 - 0 = 0

y(0.25) = 1 - 2 / 4 = 0.5
y(0.5) = 0.5 - 2(0.5) / 4 = 0.25

5.
Euler
yi+1 = yi + hfi
y1 = y2 = 0

Trapezoid
h
yi+1 = yi + (f(t1,
1, y1) + f(t2,
2, y2))
2
h
y1 = 0 + 0 + y1𝛼
2
 1
1-𝛼
h
y1 =
2