Bursal Health Monitoring

with Elanco HTSi

Ratriastuti

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The Importance of IBD and IBD Vaccination
• Gumboro disease in broiler has negative impact on broiler
performance and makes economic loss1
• IBD vaccination are necessary and importance to minimize loss
of broiler performance due to Gumboro disease2
• Most vaccines affect the Bursa of Fabricius and histological
examination of this organ reveals varying degrees of tissue
damage, which correlates with its size 6,7
• The safety investigation of IBD vaccines in chickens includes
growth performance, histological lesions of the bursa and the
bursa bodyweight index (BBI) 5
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Ideal vaccine13
• Must offer the correct balance between efficacy and
innocuity
• Must not cause disease or bursal lesions
• Must not be immunosuppressive
• Must confer long-lasting immunity even in birds with a
high level of maternal immunity

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Field Facts

1. How many % chicken flock without IBD vaccination ?

2. Do vaccinated flocks have complete protection and no IBD
outbreak anymore?
3. What about immunosuppression case, do you realize it?

What is the problem ?

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Failures of IBD Vaccination8,9

• High field pressure

• Timing of the vaccination
• Mistakes in the
application of the vaccine
• Immunosuppression
factors

Darkling beetles
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Immunosuppresion Agents
• Virus
– Marek’s disease virus (MDV) MD
– Chicken infectious anemia
virus (CIAV)
– Reticuloendotheliosis virus
(REV), etc
• Non infectious
– Mycotoxin
– Stress

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How to Look for Immunosuppression Effect?
• Have you observed significant changes in IBD antibody titers at processing age?
• Did you recognize mortality due to the increased susceptibility for other infectious diseases?
• Have overall condemnations associated with bacterial infection increased significantly?
• Are air sacculitis condemnations unusually high?
• Is there evidence of unexplained secondary bacterial infection in too many flocks?
• Has the proportion of under performing flocks increased significantly?
• Are respiratory vaccine reactions longer than usual or too harsh and do they have a
tendency to get complicated with bacteria?
• Did you diagnose any other immunosuppressive agent as Marek or Chicken Anemia Virus?

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How to Measure the Safety and Efficacy of IBD Vaccine?

Parameter Monitoring Recommended Samples Objectives

Objective Age
Serology & Calculation of ODV 1-4 days 20 Show ODV
Deventer formula
Serology Check of IBD titer 14 days & end of 20 Show higher IBD
level cycle antibody titers
Bursal examination Check Bursa 21-35 days 5 bursa/flock Show better bursal
HTSi/Necropsy Parameters (BM, parameters
BDM, BBI, BLS)
Performance Check zootechnical Perform normally by Show better
result the poultry producer performance

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The Bursa of Fabricius
• The bursal is one of major lymphoid tissue for chicken and has
importance role for produce immune to protect any disease 10
• One of method assessment the immunosuppression in chicken is the
assessment of weight and size of lymphoid tissue, which indicate ability
for produce immunity3,11

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Elanco HTSi 14,15 Parameters > 40 covering animal welfare, respiratory,
Immunse system, skeletal and intestinal tract

Lesion score & recording

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Bursa Health Program with Elanco HTSi 14,15
• Bursa size measurement
Bursal Bursameter score
• Bursal atrophy size
1-8 (Moraes HLS,
2004)
• Bursal damage (BDM)
• Bursa weight to calculate for Bursa
Bodyweight Index

score 0 score 1 score 2 score 3 EM-ID-21-0040

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Bursa Health Monitoring
Assessment Bursal size by Bursameter Bursa Bodyweight Index reference (BBI)
Bursameter Diameter Bursameter (m.m.) Bursa size
1 3.17 BBI Bursa size
2 6.35 Atrophy
3 9.52
≥ 1.10 Normal
4 12.70
5
6
15.87
19.05 Normal < 1.10 Atrophy
7 22.22
Reference for BBI is 1.1 (Cazaban, 2015)
8 25.40 Formula for calculation Bursa Index
(Bursa weight / Broiler body weight) X 1000
Kijphakapanith N, (Sarachai C. et al)

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 Bursal Health Monitoring by Different IBD Vaccine14
Bursal Damage Score
IBD Vaccination Samples Bursal Damage
Program Number Score

IMP LAV 517 0.17 ± 0.48 a

ICX 402 0.27 ± 0.65 a

Bursal Bodyweight Index Vaccine with

IMP LAV
IBD Vaccination Samples BBI Mean ± S.D.
Program Number
IMP LAV 517 1.70 ± 0.73a

ICX 402 1.34 ± 0.88 c

Reference from Elanco Thailand HTSI data base 2017-2019

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Key Messages
• Infectious Bursal Disease Virus is most common
immunosuppression agent in poultry
• Bursa of Fabricius health is important in immunity
response
• Bursal Health Program can be used to evaluate BF health
during HTSi
• Higher BBI and less BDM score indicate healthier BF
• Ideal IBD vaccine must have a balance in safety and
efficacy
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 TERIMA KASIH

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