- We couldn't afford to keep our car, so we (sold) it. - I (saw) you in the park yesterday.

You (sat) on the grass

and (read) a newspaper.- I haven't see Haris for ages. When I last (saw) him, he (tried) to find a job in London-
We (went) to concert tonight. It (begun) at 8:45- Look at those black clouds! It will rain.- I hope it (does not
rain) tomorrow.- Do you think (he will still do) the same job in twelve years.- I didn't know he moved. If (I
knew) (I would have called) him to say goodbye.- I wasn't tired last night. If (I was) tired, I would have gone
home.A: Is your father at homeB: No, I am afraid he (went) out.A: When exactly (did he go) outB: About 10
minutes ago.- Karen didn't want to come to the cinema with us because she (has already seen) the film.- The
tree was only three meters high. Now it is four. The tree grew.- The film (had already started) when we arrived
the cinema.- Marry was sitting on the ground. She was out of the breath. She (ran) - I'm going to the cinema
this evening. The film (starts) at 8 p.m.- This is a lovely meal. It's the first good meal I had for ages.-I tried to
phone you last morning but there (was) no answer. You (went) out.- By the year 2020. Linguists (studied) the
Indo-European language family for more than 200 years.- If it (rains) tomorrow, we (will go) to the cinema I
saw Sue in town yesterday but she didn't see me. She was looking the other way.- My hands are very dirty. I've
been repairing the car. The car is OK again now. I've repaired it.- When their first child was born, they had
been married for three years.-What would happen if I pressed that red button.-What would you do if you won
a million pounds?-If I found a wallet in the street, I would take it to the police.-If I found your watch, Y'll tell
you.- The ceiling was white. Now it is blue. She has been painting the ceiling.- Mary has written ten pages
today. Yesterday, she has been writing only 2-I've been reading the book you lent me, but I haven't finished it
yet.- How many plays did Shakespeare write.A: Ann is in hospital. B: Oh really? I didn't know. I'll go and visit
her.- If I found a wallet in the street, I would take it to the police.A: Can we meet tomorrow afternoon? B: Not
in the afternoon. I will be working then. A: Will you be free at 11:30? B: Yes, the meeting will have finished by
that time.-If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.1. You're out of breath. What did you do (do)?2. Ann's
clothes are covered in paint. She has been painting it.3. The ceiling was white. Now it is blue. She has painted
the ceiling.4. It is the first time he has fallen in love.5. I meant to phone her last night but I forgot it.6. When
Sarah arrived at the party, Paul had already gone home.7. We arrived at work in the morning and found that
somebody has broken into the office during night. So we called the police.8. That bag looks heavy. I will help
you with it.9. When I finish this course, I will have been learning English for twenty years.10. I didn't know the
dog was dangerous. If I had known, I would have warned you in time.11. I'm a student. What do you do?12.
How long have you been learning English?13. Hello, Tom. I have been looking for you all morning. Where have
you been?14. A friend of yours is saving money to go to Mecca and perform the pilgrimage. You ask: How long
have you been saving? & How much money have you saved?15. At first I thought I did the right thing but soon I
realised that I had made a serious mistake.16. If it rains tommorrow, I won't go to the park.17. If I were, I would
not go out with that guy.18. If we had taken a taxi, we would not have missed the plane.

Object in political speech: the future

Subject: to move the audience to take some course of action
Object in a legal speech: determination of what has or has not in fact happened.
Subject: the past
Object in ceremonial speech:the praise or blame to achieve his object
Subject: the present
Ethos refers to the character of the speaker
Logos refers to the strengths and weaknesses of our arguments
Pathos refers to the emotions of the audience

2. story of Yusuf: Yusuf was son of Jacob. One night he had a dream that sun and
moon would bow down to him. His brothers were jealous and wanted to get rid of
him, so they threw him in a deep well. Passing traders helped Yusuf and sold him to
a rich Egyptian.Yusuf's brothers stained his shirtwith blood and told their father that
wolf had eaten him. Yusuf work hard and grew popular. Master's wife tried to seduce
him so master threw in prison. Master found out that Yusuf can interprete dreams
and called Yusuf. Yusuf said that there will be 7 years of harvest and then 7 years of
famine. Over the next plentiful years, the Egyptians stored the food and Yusuf was in
charge of storehouses. His brothers came and he recognized them and wanted to
test them so he sent them back home to return with their youngest brother. He put
master's favourite drinking cup in his brothers sack and accused him of stealing it, so
that he stay in Egypt.
a) Why did Yusuf's brothers come to Egypt from Canaan?
They came from Canaan for food at first but Yusuf ordered them to come back again
with their younger brother.
b) What is the moral of the story of Yusuf?
We can learn a lot from Yusuf's story, we shouldn't envy anyone and we should not
act upon it. Justice is always fulfilled and lies are always discovered.
a) Three greatest ancient? Aristotle, Cicero and Quintilian
b) three highest ideals ? Good, the true and beautiful
c) There are three divisions of classical rhetoric according to the elements
of communication, kinds of speech and modes of persuasion.
1. The three elements of communication are: the speaker, the
audience and the speech itself
2. The three kinds of speech are: political speech, legal speech and
ceremonial speech
3. The three modes of persuasion are: ethos, logos and pathos

6. What was Yusuf's interpretation of the king's dream in which he saw seven
fat cows being eaten by seven thin cows?
Yusuf explained that the king's strange dreams meant that Egypt would have
seven years of good harvests and then seven years of famine/bad harvests.
The king was pleased with Yusuf and put him in charge of his storehouses.
Over the next seven plentiful years, the Egyptians stored their extra food, ready
for the years of famine. When famine started, Yusuf was put in charge of giving
out the food.

7. Yusuf revealed his identity,...

The brothers went back to Egypt with their youngest brother. Yusuf welcomed
them and gave them dinner. Before the brothers went back with some sacks of
food, Yusuf secretly put the king's favourite drinking cup into his youngest
brother's sack. He accused him of stealing the cup and demanded that he
should stay in Egypt. The other brothers insisted that their brother was
innocent and begged Yusuf to allow him to go home because their father would
not be able to bear the loss of another son. Still, one of the brothers stayed in
Egypt while the rest went back to give the news to Jacob. He sent them back to
find news of Yusuf and when they asked for his charity, Yusuf revealed his
identity. The brothers returned to Canaan and brought Yusuf's parents to see
their missing son. When he learnt the good news about Yusuf, Jacob regained
his lost eyesight. Finally, the whole family stayed in Egypt under Yusuf's
protection.
8. Last sermon of Muhammad, p.b.u.h.
„All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-
Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a White has no
superiority over a Black nor a Black has any superiority over a White except by
piety and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim
and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to
a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and
willingly.“
„O People! Just as you regard this month, this day ,this city as sacred, so
regard the life and property of every Muslim a sacred trust. Return the goods
entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt
you. Remember that you will indeed meet your Lord, and that he will indeed
reckon your deeds.“
„O People! Lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year I
shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore, listen carefully to what I am saying
and take these words to those who could not be present here today.“
„O People! Listen to me in earnest, worship Allah, say your five daily prayers,
fast during month of Ramadan, and give your wealth in Zakat. Perform Haj if
you can afford it.“
„O Allah, be my witness, that I have conveyed your message to Your people.“
As part of this sermon, the prophet recited to them a revelation from Allah,
which he had just received, and which completed the Quran, for it was the last
passage to be revealed:
„This day the disbeliever's despair of prevailing against your religion, so fear
them not, but fear Me (Allah)! This day have I perfected for you your religion
and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islam as your
religion.“ (5,9)
Should Batman come, we’ll escape!
Should Batman not come, we’re in big trouble.
If I find your watch, I´ll tell you.
If I found a wallet in the street, I would take it to the police.
What would you do if you won a million pounds?
What would happen if I pressed that red button?
If I were you, I wouldn´t wait. I would go now.
I didn´t know you were in hospital. If I had known, I would have gone to visit
you.
If people eat too much, they get fat.
If you touch a fire, you get burned.
People die if they don't eat.
You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen.
Snakes bite if they are scared.
If babies are hungry, they cry.
If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
She'll be late if the train is delayed.
She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
If I see her, I'll tell her.
If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.
If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.
She would travel all over the world if she were rich.
She would pass the exam if she ever studied.
If I had his number, I would call him.
If she had studied, she would have passed the exam.
If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick.
She wouldn't have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier.
She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university.
He would have been on time for the interview if he had left the house at nine.