PROBABILITY

CE Review
PROBABILITY Combination
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following • Combination of Distinct Objects
questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box
17. How many number combinations can be made from a lotto game
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided.
6/42?
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 1 only.
a. 5,452,786 c. 5,254,786
b. 5,425,786 d. 5,245,786
MULTIPLE CHOICE
18. From a group of professionals consisting of 5 Engineers and 4
Fundamental Principle of Counting
Architects, find the number of committees that can be formed
1. If a pair of dice is thrown, how many outcomes are possible? consisting of 5 professionals?
a. 6 c. 18 a. 162 c. 216
b. 12 d. 36 b. 126 d. 261
2. How many committees consisting of one boy and one girl can be 19. From a group of professionals consisting of 5 Engineers and 4
selected from a group of 3 boys and 2 girls? Architects, find the number of committees that can be formed
a. 5 c. 8 consisting of 5 professionals, 3 of which must be Engineers and 2
b. 6 d. 12 Architects?
a. 48 c. 72
3. How many three-place numbers can be formed with the digits 1, 2,
b. 60 d. 84
3, 5 if (a) each digit can be used only once? (b) any digit can be
repeated? 20. In how many ways can 5 cards be dealt from a deck of 52 cards if
a. 24, 64 c. 32, 64 the selection consists of 3 aces and 2 kings?
b. 64, 24 d. 64, 32 a. 12 c. 18
b. 16 d. 24
4. A leading developer of a new subdivision offers a perspective buyer
a choice of 5 designs, 3 different colors, 4 different lot area and 2 21. There are 12 persons attending a meeting. In how many ways can
different heating systems. How many different plans are available to 7 among them be seated on a row of 7 seats?
the buyer? a. 3,991,680 c. 3,919,680
a. 84 c. 124 b. 3,991,860 d. 3,919,860
b. 100 d. 120
22. There are 12 persons attending a meeting. In how many ways can
5. From the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, how many three-digit numbers 7 among them be seated on a circular arrangement of 7 seats?
can be formed if each digit can be used only once? a. 570,042 c. 570,240
a. 120 c. 108 b. 570,024 d. 570,420
b. 210 d. 180
• Combination of Things some of which are Alike
6. From the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, how many three-digit odd
numbers can be formed if each digit can be used only once? 23. How many circular permutations of 4 objects can be made out of 6
a. 75 c. 120 objects, four of which are different and two are identical?
b. 90 d. 105 a. 48 c. 56
b. 64 d. 44
7. From the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, how many three-digit even
numbers can be formed if each digit can be used only once? Probability
a. 120 c. 90 • Fundamentals of Probability
b. 105 d. 75
24. A jar of candies contains 4 mints, 6 toffees, and 3 chocolates. Find
8. From the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, how many three-digit numbers the probability of getting a mint if one candy is picked at random?
greater than 330 can be formed if each digit can be used only a. 6/13 c. 4/13
once? b. 10/13 d. 3/13
a. 75 c. 120
b. 90 d. 105 25. Find the probability of getting a face card if a card is picked at
random from a deck of 52 cards?
Permutation a. 3/13 c. 5/13
• Linear Permutation of Distinct Objects b. 4/13 d. 7/13

9. In how many ways can 8 persons be seated in a row of 8 chairs? • Mutually Exclusive Events
a. 40,230 c. 40,320 26. In a deck of 52 cards, find the probability of getting an ace or a king
b. 362,808 d. 362,880 if one card is picked at random?
10. In how many ways can 5 persons be seated in a row of 9 chairs? a. 2/13 c. 4/13
a. 3,024 c. 6,720 b. 3/13 d. 5/13
b. 15,120 d. 60,480 27. If a pair of dice is tossed, what is the probability of getting a total of
• Linear Permutation of Things some of which are Alike 6 or 12?
a. 2/3 c. 5/6
11. How many different ways can 3 blue, 2 red, and 4 yellow bulbs be b. 1/3 d. 1/6
arranged in a string of Christmas tree lights with nine sockets?
a. 1,602 c. 1,620 • Mutually Inclusive Events
b. 1,206 d. 1,260 28. In a deck of 52 cards, find the probability of getting an ace or a
12. How many distinct permutations can be made from the letters of the heart if one card is picked at random?
word “ENGINEERING”? a. 1/13 c. 3/13
a. 277,200 c. 277,700 b. 2/13 d. 4/13
b. 227,200 d. 227,700 29. On a TV quiz show, a contestant is asked to pick an integer at
• Linear Permutation of Grouped Things random from the first 100 consecutive positive integers, that is, the
integers from 1 to 100. If the number picked is divisible by 9 or 12,
13. There are 15 books. Of these, there are 5 Mathematics, 7 Physics, the contestant will win a free trip to Boracay. What is the probability
and 3 books on Chemistry. In how many ways can they be that the contestant will win the trip?
arranged in a shelf if the three subjects are to be grouped together? a. 11/100 c. 17/100
a. 21,277,800 c. 21,778,200 b. 13/100 d. 19/100
b. 21,727,800 d. 21,772,800
• Dependent Events
14. There are 5 persons to be seated in a row of 5 chairs. If the two of
them does not want to be seated together, in how many ways can 30. A box contains 6 white balls and 4 black balls. If 2 balls are drawn
they be seated? in succession, what is the probability that both are black if the first
a. 84 c. 64 ball is not replaced before the second is drawn?
b. 72 d. 76 a. 2/5 c. 2/15
b. 1/5 d. 1/15
• Partition
31. A bag contains 3 white and 5 red balls. If 2 balls are drawn in
15. In how many ways can 7 scientists be assigned to one triple and succession without returning the first ball drawn, what is the
two double hotel rooms? probability that the balls drawn are both red?
a. 210 c. 230 a. 0.357 c. 0.237
b. 220 d. 240 b. 0.107 d. 0.299
• Circular Permutation 32. A box contains 8 green, 9 red, and 12 white balls. If 15 balls are
picked at random without replacement, what is the probability of
16. How many circular arrangements can be made from 10 objects all
picking 3 green, 8 red, and 4 white balls?
taken at a time?
a. 0.00332 c. 0.00352
a. 5,040 c. 362,880
b. 0.00322 d. 0.00342
b. 40,320 d. 3,628,800
33. A box contains 3 green, 4 red, and 5 white balls. If 2 balls are
picked at random without replacement, what is the probability that
both are of the same color?
a. 19/66 c. 29/66
b. 23/66 d. 31/66

1 Dindo F. Esplana
 PROBABILITY
CE Review
34. A box contains 3 green, 4 red, and 5 white balls. If 2 balls are 51. In a 10-pin bowling, how many ways in knocking down the pins will
picked at random without replacement, what is the probability that there be if one ball throw is made?
both are of different colors? a. 1 c. 3,628,800
a. 37/66 c. 47/66 b. 1,024 d. 1,023
b. 43/66 d. 35/66
Probability
35. A janitor with a bunch of 9 keys is to open a door but only one key
• Fundamentals of Probability
can open. What is the probability that he will succeed in 3 trials
without returning the keys drawn? 52. The politicians filed the certificate of candidacies (COC’s) to run for
a. 0.333 c. 0.425 town mayor of Baguio. A survey is taken a month before the
b. 0.255 d. 0.375 election asking 400 registered votes which candidate they will vote
for in the elections. The results of the survey are as follows:
• Independent Events
Candidates No. of votes garnered
36. If a pair of dice is thrown, what is the probability of getting 2 aces in
a single throw? A 150
a. 1/18 c. 1/12 B 130
b. 1/36 d. 1/9 C 120

37. A box contains 6 white balls and 4 black balls. If 2 balls are drawn What is the probability that a voter will vote for A during the
in succession, what is the probability that both are black if the first election?
ball is replaced before the second is drawn? a. 0.300 c. 0.375
a. 1/25 c. 3/25 b. 0.350 d. 0.325
b. 2/25 d. 4/25 53. A dart target consists of three concentric circles with different radii
38. Three Indians were practicing to hit a target. Their individual 1, 3, and 5 units. If a dart thrower always hits within the circle of 5
probabilities to hit a target are respectively 1/6, 1/4, and 1/3. If only unit radius but hit the area randomly, what is the probability that a
one hit the target, what is the probability that it was the first Indian? dart hits the area between the 1 unit radius circle and the 3 unit
a. 6/31 c. 31/60 radius circle?
b. 31/72 d. 3/28 a. 11/25 c. 9/25
b. 3/5 d. 8/25
39. The probability of Juan in shooting a ball is 35%. If he is given 10
shots, determine his probability of shooting exactly 6 balls. 54. A musical choir is composed of 3 sopranos, 4 altos, and 5 tenors,
a. 0.0869 c. 0.0698 with no bass singers. If trios are to be formed from the group, each
b. 0.0896 d. 0.0689 composing of one soprano, one alto, and one tenor, how many
unique trios may be formed from the group?
40. A janitor with a bunch of 9 keys is to open a door but only one key a. 48 c. 64
can open. What is the probability that he will succeed in 3 trials if b. 12 d. 60
the keys drawn are returned before drawing the next key?
a. 0.298 c. 0.398 • Dependent Events
b. 0.289 d. 0.389 Situation 1: A classroom contains 71 students. 10 of them are Chinese,
41. Each question in a multiple choice type of exam contains 4 possible 24 are Japanese, and 37 are Filipinos. If 3 students are
answers. The professor gave a short exam of 10 questions. In order randomly asked to get out of the room, one after the other,
to pass the exam, a student must obtain a grade of 70% or higher. what are the probabilities that:
Find the probability of a student in passing the exam if he relies on 55. All 3 students are Chinese.
guessing. a. 0.0021 c. 0.0028
a. 0.0024 c. 0.0035 b. 0.0029 d. 0.0019
b. 0.0042 d. 0.0053
56. All 3 students are Japanese.
CE LICENSURE EXAMINATION a. 0.0354 c. 0.0386
Fundamental Principle of Counting b. 0.0406 d. 0.0319
42. How many two-digit numbers can be formed from the digits 0 to 9 if 57. All 3 students are Filipinos.
the digits can be used only once? a. 0.1224 c. 0.1359
a. 89 c. 90 b. 0.1415 d. 0.1486
b. 81 d. 45 Situation 2: A box contains washers, 24 of which are brass, 36 copper,
43. A group of musicians is composed of 3 drummers, 4 trumpet and the remainder steel. One washer is taken at random,
players, and 5 pianists. In how many ways can a trio be formed retained, and a second washer similarly drawn. Determine
consisting of 1 drummer, 1 trumpet player, and 1 pianist? the probability that
a. 60 c. 48 58. Both washers are steel.
b. 75 d. 36 a. 0.1480 c. 0.1576
44. A sandwich is made by putting cheese and ham between two b. 0.1600 d. 0.8000
pieces of bread. You are given five types of cheese, two kinds of 59. The first is brass and the second copper.
ham, and three choices of bread. How many different sandwiches a. 0.1296 c. 0.0864
can you make? b. 0.0873 d. 0.6000
a. 15 c. 30
b. 20 d. 60 60. One is brass and one is steel.
a. 0.1920 c. 0.1857
45. In a certain city in the Philippines, all seven-digit telephone numbers b. 0.1910 d. 0.1939
begin with 350. How many telephone numbers may be assigned to
that city if the last four digits should not begin or end in zero? • Independent Events
a. 7,290 c. 8,100
61. A coin is tossed three times. What is the probability of getting three
b. 10,000 d. 9,000
tails up?
Permutation a. 1/2 c. 1/8
b. 1/4 d. 1/16
• Fundamentals of Permutation
Situation 3: Answer the following probability problems.
46. If nP5 = 6nP3, find the value of n.
a. 7 c. 6 62. In a family of 5 children, what is the chance that there are 3 boys
b. 9 d. 8 and 2 girls?
a. 0.46 c. 0.38
47. If nP6 = 3nP5, find the value of n. b. 0.52 d. 0.31
a. 9 c. 7
b. 10 d. 8 63. A basketball player averages 65% in a free-throw line. Find the
probability that he misses one of the two free throws.
• Linear Permutation of Distinct Objects a. 0.64 c. 0.43
48. A school chess team has six members, one of which is the team b. 0.34 d. 0.46
captain. If they are to compete in 6 simultaneous games, board 1 to 64. A restaurant has three kinds of toys and is giving one toy for each
board 6, how many arrangements can they make if the team purchase of a kiddie meal. Find the probability of getting the three
captain should always be in board 1? toys in five purchases.
a. 120 c. 720 a. 0.70 c. 0.58
b. 15 d. 24 b. 0.62 d. 0.66
Combination Situation 4: In a certain barangay, 80% of the population has
• Combination of Distinct Objects cellphones. Two persons from the population are to be
selected at random.
49. How many 4-digit combinations can be made from the digits 0 to 9?
a. 180 c. 210 65. Find the probability that the two persons selected have cellphones.
b. 120 d. 240 a. 0.64 c. 0.36
b. 0.80 d. 0.16
50. A certain lotto game consists of 30 different balls. If 5 balls are
selected at random without replacement, how many possible 66. Find the probability that one of the two persons selected has
combinations can be made? cellphone and the other has none.
a. 142,506 c. 142,560 a. 0.16 c. 0.24
b. 17,100,702 d. 17,100,720 b. 0.32 d. 0.48

2 Dindo F. Esplana
 PROBABILITY
CE Review
67. Find the probability that the two persons selected have no
cellphone.
a. 0.32 c. 0.16
b. 0.04 d. 0.08
Situation 5: The probability of event A happening is 3/5 and the
probability of event B happening is 2/3.
68. Find the probability that both events will happen.
a. 1/5 c. 2/5
b. 4/15 d. 2/15
69. Find the probability that only event A will happen.
a. 1/5 c. 2/15
b. 2/5 d. 4/15
70. Find the probability that either A or B will happen.
a. 8/15 c. 4/15
b. 7/15 d. 11/15
Situation 6: A production line estimates that 1.50% of the items it
produces is defective. In a package containing 200 items,
find the probability that
71. No item is defective.
a. 0.3528 c. 0.2246
b. 0.0487 d. 0.4215
72. Two items are defective.
a. 0.4215 c. 0.2246
b. 0.3528 d. 0.0487
73. More than three items are defective.
a. 0.0487 c. 0.3528
b. 0.4215 d. 0.2246
Normal Distribution
Situation 7: Light bulbs having a mean life of 2,400 hours and standard
deviation of 62 hours are used for a consignment of 4,200
bulbs.
74. Determine the number of bulbs likely to have a life in excess of
2,500 hours.
a. 325 c. 109
b. 266 d. 224
75. Determine the percentage of bulbs with life in between 2,200 hours
to 2,500 hours.
a. 96.40% c. 64.90%
b. 69.40% d. 94.60%
76. Determine the probability that any bulb will have a life of 2,500
hours.
a. 0.001752 c. 0.003544
b. 0.002839 d. 0.004850
Situation 8: A certain function is normally distributed with a mean of 8
and standard deviation of 2.
77. What percentage of the observation will be less than 5?
a. 8.66% c. 7.55%
b. 6.68% d. 5.77%
78. What percentage of the observation will be greater than 12?
a. 4.52% c. 3.15%
b. 1.08% d. 2.28%
79. What percentile of the observation corresponds to 2?
a. 0.50% c. 0.29%
b. 0.37% d. 0.13%
Exponential Distribution
80. The time taken by a terminal fee collector to collect terminal fees
from passengers entering NAIA is an exponential distribution with a
mean of 20 seconds. Find the probability that a random passenger
will be processed 25 seconds or longer.
a. 0.2586 c. 0.2685
b. 0.2568 d. 0.2865
81. A machine component operation before breaking down is
exponentially distributed with a mean time of failure of 1,000 hours.
Find the maximum operating time of the machine component such
that the reliability remains above 99%.
a. 10.05 hrs c. 10.83 hrs
b. 10.50 hrs d. 10.38 hrs

3 Dindo F. Esplana