RELGION
> Worked for acceptance and equal
 Christian parable of the Good Samaritan
 Roman Empire
 Conversion to Christianity
 Houses of care and healing
* Fabiola
 Crusades
 Knights Hospitalers
 Knights of Saint Lazarus
NURSING
LEADERS
> Volunteer nurse in American Civil
War
> Establishment of American Red
Cross
> a school teacher who volunteered as
a nurse during the American Civil War.
> responsibility was to organize the
nursing services
> noted for her role in Establishing the
CLARA American Red Cross, which linked with
BARTON the International Red Cross when the
(1821-1912) U.S. Congress ratified the treaty of
Geneva (Geneva Convention)
> persuaded Congress in 1882 to ratify
this treaty so that the Red Cross could
perform humanitarian efforts in time
of peace.
> tended soldiers on the battlefields,
cleansing their wounds, meeting their
basic needs and comforting them in
death.
> America's first trained nurse
> Introduced the nurses’ notes and
doctor’s order
LINDA > Initiated practice of wearing
RICHARDS uniforms
(1841-1930) > graduated from the New England
Hospital for Women and Children in
1873.
> credited for her pioneering work in
psychiatric and industrial nursing.
> First African American professional
nurse
opportunity
> graduated from the New England
Hospital for Women and Children in
1879
MARY > concerned with the effect culture
MAHONEY had on health care, and as a noted
(1845-1926) nursing leader she brought forth an
awareness of cultural diversity and
respect for the individual, regardless
of background, race, color or religion.
> The ANA (2013) gives a Mary
Mahoney Award biennially (happening
every 2 years) in recognition of
significant contributions in interracial
relationships.
> Founder of public health nursing
> Trained services to poor in NYC
slums
> Henry Street Settlement
> Their home among the poor on the
upper floor of a tenement, called the
LILIAN WALD Henry Street Settlement and Visiting
(1867-1940) Nurse Service, provided nursing
services, social services and organized
educational and cultural activities.
> Soon after the founding of the Henry
Street Settlement, school nursing was
established as an adjunct to visiting
nursing.
> Protest movements for women’s
rights; resulted in the 1920 passage of
the 19th amendments to the U. S.
Constitution, which granted women
the right to vote.
> campaigned for legislation (law or
DOCK set of laws made by the government)
(1858-1956) to allow nurses control their own
profession
* Precursor to National League of
Nursing
> a feminist (they believe on the
theory of the political, economic and
social equality of the sexes)
> a prolific (productive) writer
Suffragette
> Friend of Wald
 > In 1893, Lavinia Dock, with the MEN IN NURSING
assistance of Mary Adelaide Nutting
and Isabel Hampton Robb, founded  Schools of nursing for men in U.S. from
the American Society of late 1880s to 1969
Superintendents of Training Schools  American Assembly for Men in Nursing
for Nurses of the U.S., a precursor to (AAMN)
the current National League for • Originally National Male Nurses
Nursing. Association
> Considered founder of Planned • Recruitment, retention by
Parenthood changing image of male nurses
> a public health nurse in New York
has had a lasting impact on women’s
MARGARET health care.
HIGGINS > imprisoned for opening the first
SANGER birth control information clinic in
(1879-1966) America, she is considered the
founder of Planned parenthood.
> Her expertise with the large number
of unwanted pregnancies among the
working poor was instrumental in
addressing their problem.
MARY > Established Frontier Nursing Service
BRECKINRIDGE (FNS) in rural U.S.
(1881-1965) > Started one of the first midwifery
training schools in U.S.
> a notable pioneer nurse who
practiced midwifery in England,
Australia and New Zealand.
> In 1918, she worked with the
American Committee for Devastated
France, distributing food, clothing and
supplies to rural villages and taking
care of sick children.
> In 1921, she returned to the U.S.
with plans to provide health care to
the people of rural America.
> In 1925 She, and 2 other nurses,
founded the Frontier Nursing Service
in Leslie County, Kentucky to provide a
family-centered primary health care to
rural populations.
> Within this organization,
Brenkinridge started the first
midwifery training schools in the U.S.