ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION

DEFINITION OF CIVILIZATION

▪ Means to develop and prosper.

▪ Islamic civilization is defined as the

achievement of Islamic ummah in both
physical and spiritual realms in
accordance to the wahyu from Al-Quran
and Sunnah.
FOUNDATIONSOF
ISLAMIC
CIVILIZATION

Maqasid Al-Shari’ah (Main

Objectives of Islamic Law) as
the foundations of Islamic
Civilization
What is Maqasid al-Shari’ah in Islamic Civilization?

1) Literal meaning:
a) Arabic word “maqsad which means purpose or intention,
objectives.
b) Arabic word “Syara’” which meansroad
What is Maqasid al-Shari’ah in Islamic Civilization?
(Cont.)

Maqasid
Maqasid + al-Shari’ah
= al-Shari’ah

2) Technical meaning of Maqasidal-Shari’ah:

a) Main Objectives of Islamic Law (Shari’ahlaw).
b) Purposeand wisdom behind the enactment of all or most of
Shari’ah rulings (such as in Aqidah, Ibadah, Akhlak, Criminal
law, Family law, Islamic economics law etc)
Maqasid Shariah as the Manifestation of Islamic
Civilization

1) Protection of al-
Deen (Religion) 3) Protection of a l-
2) Protection of al-
Nafs (Life/Self/Soul) Aql (Intellect/Mind)

5) Protection of al-Mal
4) Protection of al-Nasl & al- (Property & Wealth)
Nasb (Descendant & Dignity) 77
Maqasid Shariah in Islamic Civilization

1) Protection of al-Deen (Religion)

• To fulfill the basic

religious needs of
man.
• Islam brings the
message that suit the
nature of man.
• Islam forbids its
followers from any ill
intention to ridicule
its teachings.
 2) Protection of al-Nafs
(Life/Self/Soul)
• Prevent actions that can cause
destruction to oneself. e.gkilling
• Encourage actions which
contribute to survival of mankind.
4) Protection of al-Nasab/al-Nasl & Muru’ah (Descendant/Progeny& Dignity)
Human blood is sacred in It is not permissible to oppress
any case and no man can women, children, old people, the sick
be deprived of his right to or the wounded. Women's honor and
live. Violating this rule is chastity are to be respected under all
equivalent to killing all of circumstances. The hungry must be
humanity fed, the naked clothed, and the
wounded or diseased given medical
treatment
 3)Protection of al-Aqal (Intellect
or Mind)

Knowledge
acquisition is the
Prevention
foundation of life.
from
anything
that can
destruct
Encourage intelligence
rationalization.
 5)Protection of Al-Mal (Property &
Wealth)

Riba (interest) /
fraud / oppression
To
/ robbing /
monopolize –
gambling are
increase gap
prohibited in Islam.
between the
poor and the
rich is not
allowed.
To own
individual
property is
allowed.
The Characteristics of Islamic Civilization

1. Rabbaniyyah (Godliness)
2. Alamiyyah (Universal)
3. Syumuliyyah (Complete/Comprehensive)
4. Thabat wa Murunah (Constant and Flexible)
5. Waqi’iyyah (Realistic)
6. Inqilabiyyah (ToReplace)
7. Tawazun (Balance between material & spiritual)
8. Wasatiyyah (In the middle/Moderate)
 1. Rabbaniyyah

Definition:
• Derived from Rabb. It simply means
godliness. In Islam, all Muslim must believe
that all deeds are connected with thewilling
of God.

Ianya membawa erti bahawa Islam ini datangnya daripada

Allah. Manusia hanya sebagai pelaksana segala ketentuan yang
ditetapkan
Category of Rabbaniyyah :

1. Rabbani in terms of goals and intentions

• One’s intentions has to be specifically for Allah
• One’s ultimate goal in life is to get Allah’spleasure.

2. Rabbani in terms approach and resources

• One’s approach and resources should be based on
the divine revelations to Prophet Muhammad
(s.a.w)
 2. Alamiyyah (Universal)

Definition:
• Universal. Islam is not only forArab even
though it was revealed initially to Arab
people. It is however, suitable for all
ethnics and races.

Risalah Islam ditujukan untuk semua umat dan bangsa serta

untuk semua lapisan masyarakat. Ia bukan risalah untuk bangsa
tertentu.
•Alamiyyah alsomeans:

-Universal/ Suitable in the sense that the teachings of

Islam transcend across time, space and geographical
boundaries.
-Applicable anywhere and anytime from past to the
present and the future.

Sesuai di semua tempat sama ada di Kutub Selatan,

Khatulistiwa dan sebagainya.Ia juga sesuai untuk semua
zaman sama ada zaman Rasulullah SAW atau zaman
teknologi moden yang canggih ini. Sesuai sampai ke hari
qiamat.
3. Syumuliyyah
Definition:
• Comprehensive. Muslims believe that Islamic
teaching include every single thing in their dailylife.

Ajaran Islam lengkap dan menyeluruh. Ruang lingkup ajaran

Islam adalah mencakupi seluruh aspekkehidupan manusiatanpa
kecuali dari sekecil-kecil urusan sampailah ke sebesar-besar
perkara.
4. Thabat & Murunah
Definition:
Fixed and firm in principles and flexible inpractice

• For example, it is compulsory for Muslims to cover

their aurat. This ruling is fixed. However, the wayyou
cover it isflexible.
• For instance, men can wear jean or trouser or
sarong. Women can wear either niqab or hijab or
tudung.
 5. Waqi’iyyah
Definition:
• Realistic. It means that Islam is suitable for humanity
or human needs and its something that really
happens.

• For instance, people naturally need sexual relation.

So in Islam, there is a way to channel this need in the
best way, which is through marriage.
 6. Inqilabiyyah
Definition:
• Revolutionist in positive way. Islam cannot work
together with any single element of jahiliyyah or
ignorance.
• In order to establish an Islamic state, Muslim cannot
intermingle Islamic teaching with ignorance. They
must abolished any element of ignorance, and built
Islam on top of ignorance'sruin.
Menegakkan Islam atas keruntuhan jahiliyyah. Islam tidak boleh bercampur
dengan jahiliyyah. Islam juga tidak boleh ditempel-tempelkan pada sistem
jahiliyyah. Islam menggantikan zamanjahillyah
7. Al-Tawazun
Definition:
• Balanced between spiritual and material. For instance,
Muslims are recommended to become wealthy by striving to
get money. This is for theirmaterial needs. However, they are
also obligated to pay charity, to fulfill their spiritualneeds.

e.g. Struggle for properties for life, and at the same time pay the
zakat and give sedekah.

Kewujudan keseimbangan dan kesepaduan antara kehidupan

rohani dan jasmani.
 8. Al-Wasatiyyah
Definition:
Moderate. In Islamic civilization, Muslims must keepeverything
lawful, based on shari'ah, in moderate way, i.e. not to extreme
and not tooinferior.

1)Keep it everything in which lawful according to Syarak such

wearing clothes, eating, worship, pray etc in the middle track,
not too extremes and not too simple.

2)Manage your life in properly and good condition suchas time

for study habit, eating habit, sociallife, sport etc.

Bersederhana dan mengamalkan pertengahan dalam melakukan

setiap perkara yang diharuskan oleh syarak seperti berpakaian,
makan, melakukan ibadah sunat danseumpamanya.
8. Al-Wasatiyyah (Cont.)
• In fact, the concept of al-Wasatiyyah according
to Islamic epistemology carries the message of
doing good with steadfastness, strength,
righteousness and consistency as well as the
abandonment of all forms of evil and preventing
vices with wisdom.

• For example: Moderate between Peace versus

Violence, Justice versus Tyranny (injustice),
consistency (harmony) versus incongruity.
SOURCES OF THE CIVILIZATION

▪ Al-Quran Al-Karim
A mukjizat revealed to Prophet
Muhammad by Malaikat Jibril starting
from Surah Al- Fatihah and ending with
Surah Al-Nas.

▪ Al-Sunnah
The life of Rasulullah in His sayings,
doings and taqrir.
▪ Religion gave birth to civilization with
the concept of tauhid and spiritual in
the development of individuals, society
and activities. Islam was the pillar of
the unique Islamic civilization.

▪ Culture: development starting from

individuals and families play important
roles in alignment of systematic
society and civilization.
 IMPACT OF ISLAMIC
CIVILIZATION

Development :
▪ Since the birth the development of the
civilization was not focusing on any
ethnics.

Concept of al –Ummah
▪ Islamic civilization is universal that
transcends any culture, skin colours
and languages . Equality and taqwa is
the measure of righteousness that
leads to the excellent civilization.
IMPACT OF ISLAMIC
CIVILIZATION

Knowledge

▪ Importance of knowledge and

distinct culturization was the main
agenda in leading the development
of the civilization and that has
contributed greatly to many fields of
knowledge.
THANK YOU