Turbo machinery Analysis

&
Diagnostics
Presented by: Khaled Ibrahim (UPTIME)
Vibration Specialist, CAT IV, ARP-P, APR-E, US-1

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June, 2021 …
 SAFETY FIRST,
Very Important Caution:
Turbomachinery online system is a quite sensitive and critical system.

Please, Turbomachinery system configuration, needs a certified expert to setup it, this
presentation meant to present the attendance with a preliminary information. main
configuration shall be followed the International standard, Vendor recommendations or
OEM guidelines

(Don't do this in house with no expert supervision)

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June, 2021 …
Presentation Agenda
Turbomachine & Arrangement
overview
Introduction to Typical Sensing
Elements Utilized in the typical
Turbomachine
Introduction to Vibration (Proximity
Probe, Accelerometer and Velocity)
Simple Definition of Vibration Online
Monitoring system
Differentiation Between different
types Vibration Online Monitoring
system
Common used International Standard
Introduction to Vibration Online
Monitoring System Architecture
How and Where we start to build your
Vibration Online Monitoring System?
Introduction to Singal types, Vibration
Online Monitoring System main
Products
Main Vibration Online Monitoring
System hardware components
Vibration Online Monitoring System
BOQ
Questions
Turbomachine & Arrangement overview
• What is A turbomachine:

• “Are All the turbomachines have same structure…?!

• The answer of this question: Yes most of the turbomachinery's
have the same common components,
• But, not all machines equipped with vibration online
monitoring system is a turbomachinery …!
• Pumps, Electrical Motor, Gearbox, Fans can be equipped with
a vibration online monitoring system
Introduction to Typical Sensing Elements
Utilized in the typical Turbomachine
• Vibration Sensors:
i. Displacement Vibration Sensing Elements (Static & Dynamic)
ii. Velocity Vibration Sensing Elements
iii. Accelerometer Vib. Sensing Elements (Static & Dynamic)
iv. Axial Position (Static)
v. Rod drop sensing elements
vi. Differential Expansion (LVDT)
vii. Valve Position
viii. Speed and phase mark sensing element
ix. Over speed

• Are all monitoring and control sensing elements “vibration”..?

The Answer is “big No,, …
Introduction to Typical Sensing Elements
Utilized in the typical Turbomachine
• There are another sensing elements, game changer players,
• These, Utilized for monitoring, and been used for controlling
the turbomachinery control philosophy,
• These sensors commonly called indirect measurements,
• Temperature Sensors (Transmitters):
i. RTD (resistance temperature detectors)
ii. Thermocouple
iii. Thermistors,
iv. And semiconductor based integrated circuits (IC)
NB. We have two main classification of temp. sensing elements
1. Stream temperature monitoring & protection sensors
2. Machine temperature monitoring & protection sensors

• Flow Control and regulate Sensors (Transmitters)

• Pressure Control and regulate Sensors (Transmitters)
• Load and Current sensing elements
Introduction to Vibration (Proximity Probe,
Accelerometer and Velocity)
• Proximity Probe:

• Probe types include:

Metric or UNF Threading
• 5mm, 8mm, and 11mm vibration probes
• Straight, reverse mount, and thrust probes
• 18mm, 25mm, and 50mm Position Probes
• Differential Expansion probes
• Straight and Right Angle varieties
• Speed / phase / eccentricity probes

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan, Metrix Vib, USA

Introduction to Vibration (Proximity Probe,
Accelerometer and Velocity)
• Accelerometer transduce:

Ref. PCB/IMI, USA

LVDT VM-5E
Case Expansion
Monitor
VM-11P
LVDT Transmitter

LS Series LVDT
(Linear Variable
Differential Transformer)
Common used International Standard
• API Standard 670 and Shell DEP:
• API standard 670 is issued by American Petroleum Institute, and the
standard addresses the monitoring systems for vibration and other
critical parameters of machines.
• The Shell DEP as well as API 670 give most guideline for the online
monitoring system hardware, rack arrangement, installation,
environmental specification ..etc

Edition Title Issue

Non-contacting Vibration and Axial Position
1st 1976/06
Monitoring System
2nd Vibration, Axial-Position, and Bearing- 1986/06

3rd Temperature Monitoring Systems 1993/11

4th Machinery Protection Systems 2000/12

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Simple Definition of Vibration Online
Monitoring system
• What is the Vibration Online Monitoring System:
• The Online Machine Condition Monitoring System is “simply say”,
• A system provides a method of continues monitoring a targeted
asset (criticality assessment needs to be computed ) during the run-
condition, in normal and up-normal operational conditions.
• The Online Machine Condition Monitoring System is a function of time,
and measurements output products, Hence, it can be classified as:
I. Continues Protection System (fully comply with API670)
II. Continues Protection System (non - API670 comply)
III. Continues Protection and Monitoring system (Allowing Dynamic
data analysis), (fully comply with API670)
IV. Sequential / Multiplexer Protection and Monitoring system (Allowing
Dynamic data analysis)

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

 Introduction to Vibration Online Monitoring
System Architecture
• What is the Vibration Online Monitoring System Architecture:
• Before introduce the OMS Architecture, we will introduce the
machine outline signal count, the signal count is a matrix will describe
location of signal and to be commonly used as I/O list.

⑩
⑤① ⑨① ⑧ ⑧

①③ ① ① ⑥⑥
STEAM
VALVE ①⑥⑥ ① ④ ④ ② ②

HP
LP STEAM
INITIAL GENER TURBIN
STEAM
MOTOR ATOR E
TURBINE

Bearing GAS TURBINE

⑤
No Monitoring Parameter No Monitoring Parameter
① Shaft Vibration ⑥ Differential Expansion
② Bearing Vibration (GT) ⑦ Case Expansion
③ Bearing Vibration ⑧ Rotating Speed
④ Axial Position ⑨ Phase Marker
⑤ Eccentricity p-p ⑩ Valve Position

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Introduction to Vibration Online Monitoring
System Architecture
• What is the Vibration Online Monitoring System Architecture:
• The System Architecture is an illustration Architecture will arrange
and manage the signal to monitoring system and DCS/Server to
control level.

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Introduction to Vibration Online Monitoring
System Architecture
• What is the Vibration Online Monitoring System Architecture:

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Introduction to Vibration Online Monitoring
System Architecture
• What is the Vibration Online Monitoring System Architecture:

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Introduction to Vibration Online Monitoring
System Architecture
• What is the Vibration Online Monitoring System Architecture:

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Introduction to Vibration Online Monitoring
System Architecture
• What is the Vibration Online Monitoring System Architecture:

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Introduction to Vibration Online Monitoring
System Architecture
• What is the Vibration Online Monitoring System Architecture:

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Main Vibration Online Monitoring System
hardware components

19-inch Instrument Rack, with Back Plan

Power Network Local Comm. & Vib. And Temp. Monitor Relay Modules
Supply Comm. Phase Marker Common Modules
Modules Modules Module Monitor
Modules
Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,
Introduction to Singal types, Vibration Online
Monitoring System main Products

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Introduction to Singal types, Vibration Online
Monitoring System main Products

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Introduction to Singal types, Vibration Online
Monitoring System main Products

Ref. Shinkawa Electrical, Japan,

Presented by: Khaled Ibrahim (UPTIME)
Vibration Specialist, CAT IV, ARP-P, APR-E, US-1

Powered by MCS and Uptime Digital Solutions

June, 2021 …