Dumw h - wd tame iNtec tuan VOs - he v hel,

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pe K dd, dces Coult
v¢S - Atm Unit-I
Traibvc Sentea- a
Coutrvnus Lem paA qrop of wovos
Au Language Acquisition wc waken semKe
vd lo elur. Date a03/a culiod prudiate-
al prtdiae,
C 1Remedial Grammár: Sala is a done

QUESTIQNS AND NEGATIVES: OUESTION TAGS

Wh Questions
Framing A Question
The subject in sentences
generally precedes the verb but in questions the auxiliary verb comes
before the subject. If there is no auxiliary verb in the
interrogative a dummy auxiliary do/ does/
did is inserted in the question.

Sentences Questions
We have
bought few
computers
a Have you bought a few
computers?
The software was already tested Was the software already tested?
I live in London Where do you live?
I bought the computers from Koreaa Where did you buy the
- computer?
Question to be classified into two categories
1. Yes or No questions
mtrvu Te achrt tnpieteed
2. Wh-questions
3. Subject/Object questions
4. Wh- questions with Prepositions Parb Aetov
5. Negative questions
6. Tag questions
adjuoin, 4

Yes or No Questions
These questions are meant for eliciting information. They begin with auxiliary verbs with the
formbe or have or a model verb e.g.may,can, will
Auxiliary Verb Subject Main Verb
ls He happy?
Has He resigned
Could use your phone?
Does He play cricket?

Yes or No questions have other functions. The following are some examples of their different
uses
Functions Examples
Inviting Would you like to attend the party?
Yes, I would like to
Asking problems May I sit here?
Yes, of course

| Making suggestions Shall we have lunch in this hotel?

 Yes, we will

Offering Can I carry your bag?

No, it's ok, thanks
sometime?
Requesting The Director is busy. Could you wait fro
Don't worry. I will

SHORT ANSWERS
t is rather impolite to answer this type of questions with a simple yes or no. We often use a shoet
answer. A positive short answer in the form of yes ta pronount an auxilhary
The negative short answer is no + pronoun+ an auxiliary +n't.
Ishe in the office? Yes, he is No, he isn't
Has he brought a computer? Yes, he has No, he hasn't
No, I don't
Do youlike classical music? Yes, I do
Does the train run late? | Yes, it does No, it doesn't
Will I need your help. Yes, you will No, you won't

Wh-QUESTION
Wh-questions begin with question, words like which what, who, where, when, why, how, and
whose. They are in the form.
Question word +an auxiliary verb + subject.
Theauxiliary verbis to be or have or a modal verb.
Question word Auxiliary Subject
Where | Can I find the key?
When Is he returning?
How Do you spend your time?
How often | Do You see movies in a week?
What kind of Food Do you eat it night?

SUBJECT OROBJECTQUESTIONS
The word order is the same as Wh- questions.

Subject Object
Who met you? Who did you meet?
(someone met you) you met someone)
Who was talking to you? Who were you talking to?
(Someonewas talking to you) (you were talking to someone)

Wh-OUESTIONS WITH PREPOSITION

The preposition normally follows the verb. In formal English- the preposition occurs before the
question word.
1. Who are you looking for?
2. How was the guest lecture?
3. What are you worrying about?
4 Which place is the best to visit during summer?
5. From whom did you get this instrument?
 Negatives in Grammar
When you want to express the opposite meaning of a particular word or sentence, you can do it

by inserting a negation. Negations are words like no, not, and never. If you want to express the

opposite ofl am here, for example, you could say I am not here.

Negative words:
No one Neither
No
Not Nobody Nowhere
Nothing Never
None

Negative Adverbs:

Hardly Scarcely Barely

Negative verbs
Doesn't Shouldn't Won't
Isn't Wouldn't Can't
Wasn't Couldn't Don't

Remember, when using negatives, make sure you only use one at a time in reference to any
particular idea. Otherwise, you will create a double negative, which is an error in English.

verb.
The negative verb forms are made by putting not after an auxiliary

She has invited us. She can knit.

She has not invited us. (Negative) She cannot knit. (Negative)

It was raining He had to go early

It was not raining. (Negative) He didn't have to go early. (Negative)

If there is no auxiliary verb, do is used to make the negative verb forms.

I like reading.
I do not like reading. (Negative)
She went home.
She didn't go home. (NOT She didn't to come.)

is another auxiliary verb.

Do is not nomally used if there
You should not go.
You must not sleep.

Change the following into negative

1.I'mhappy 6. He has slept for 14 hours.

7. They had to ask their teacher.
2. She went to the market?
8. Yesterday we went to the swimming pool
3. They'll go on holidays.
9. He wanted to leave his girl friend
4. She went to the post office
5. We were dining in the garden. 10. Why are you studying now?

5
 Question Tags
It is
make it an apparent question.
statement to
n tag is a short auestion tagged on to a
statement. Its form
comprises an auxiliary verb
listener to confirm the
*ne reader or to the subject. A positive
4Om be or do followed by a personal pronoun which corresponds
dment should have a negative tag and a negative statement, a positve tag

Examples tag
| Positive statement Negative tag
-
Negative statement- Positive
It is very warm now, isn't it? It isn't very warm. Is it?

Organ transplant wasn't possible earlier,

was
gan ransplants are common, aren't they?
it?
We have seen her just now, haven't we? We haven't seen her, have we?
it?
The computer wasn't there,
was
There was a mistake, wasn't there?
We can stand for some time, can't we? We shouldn't wander, should you?

In simple present tense we use do/ does and past tense 'did'
1. Mr.Shastri teaches electronics, doesn't he?
2. You don't do whatl
tell you, do you?
3. John turned out for the meeting, didn't he?
4.
The negativetag for 'I 'am' is 'aren't I' and the
5. I am a fool to believe him, aren't 1?
positive tag is 'am I
6. I am not a member, am 1?
7. They used as corresponding pronoun in question tag for someone, somebody, nobody, no
one.
8. Nobody likes her, do they?
9. Poor lady, nobody helped her, did they?
10. He hardly finds time to read even
newspapers, does he?

I. Frame suitable 'wh'- questions for the

following situations
1. You want to know when the local channels will be
given functional autonomy. Ask the
Director of Mass Communication.
2. You want to find out who will conduct the
department terminal exam. Ask the Head of the
Department.
3 You want to know
how the sea water will be used to flush out the
Coolum. Ask the minister. stagnant water in
4. You want to find out what steps the
government is taking to prevent the chemical
of earth's surface. pollution
5. You want to know the adverse effects of
ultra violet radiation on earth. Ask
warming. Ask your teacher about its probable classmate.
6. You have heard about global our

II. Frame questions for which the bold consequences.

italicized words are the
. The Greeks developed the art answers.
2. Gold ornaments are made
of coin making.
by skilled crafts people.
3. We have invited Mr.
Joseph to inaugurate the
English association.

6
 te bondun )
(1 How iv Namem ro
he CemwOalan be helA?
hiM
whm
whom did joeph q te tme anu ahg
0a etn
4. Nancy is going to London by train.
S. The convocation will be held next Tuesday.
6. Joseph went to the dance party with Clara.
II. Add question tags to the following statements.
1. It is very cold today. * i2
2. He did not compose the poem.
3. Children like playing. De} tuy
4. My aunt came to see you off. D ta
You like her. Dent o
6. Saraju will come to meet me. Wot a
7. They were very angry. Weiem muy1
8. Let us go for a picnic. a l w 2
9. Have some more rice. Oot
10. I am late. Amdr 3?

hamil bu a m
Connndcaban whem m i l hu kecal
O Mrectoi Mass
h hncbtenal Outenema?
DHeod ohe Depamunt whe wil cendust he deyastment binminal
to auth eut
h maine How h oea wata wiU be mne
Mwt e Aaanant wate in Leehum 2

Centms: whot teps gouunrmemt i taking

Mimurk n oluliem
eent hi chmital

What a Mu adwuvn elbeeb e vetan ncat

D a omd:
adialen on lah 2

Teachuui What as Hme Aiobale evmncaemees o aloba w ng ?

O wne devdoprd ea t Coew maktng?

mada ng mhom?
a Gol amemh a wnakm
e lane imvtted to aupnate he eenglist
 is not used after
the grec
ne message in a polite way. Ifcomma (,)
after the Closing greeting.

e g Best wishes, Regards, Yours sincerey

e) Signature wIth you, add

who may not know
how to get in touch
wnen you send an e- mail to someone
ax number and
number, extension,
Contact infomation at the end. Include your name, telephone
files that automatically add
address. E mail programs make it easy to create and use signatures

infomation to your messages. Sometime the receiver

of the e-mail may face problem if
ontact
tne address doesn't exactly indicate the name of the sender like rkv_pblication@gmail.com

e.g.: Regards
Nisha S
Managing Editor
RKV Publication
Mob:99xxxxx890
Fax: 0804xxxx348

E-MAIL MESSAGE SPECIMENS:

From: Mark Ruthfield <mruthfield@yesware.com>

Date: Wed, Nov 25, 2015 at 9:18 AM
Subject Marsha Mark Ruthfield hello and favor
Cc: Dustin Beaudoin
<dbeaudoin@yesware.com>
Hi Marsha,

hope all is well. Hey, I heard you eft Elevate and have a
be successiul. new gig. Congrats! There is no doubt in my mind you will
am wondering if you can help me out here. As you know, I have
One of our top Sales Consultants
for an here at Yesware, Dustin Beaudoin the privilege of being the VP of Sales at Yesware.
opporunity to
you folks. I'm reachingdiscuss the potential business fit regarding how cc'd here,can mentioned to me that he is
looking
out in hopes that you can point us in the Yesware
right direction.
increase Sales
productivity for
As you may know, Yesware
messaging. track sales teamincreases
activity,
sales
and productivity by enabling sales teams to standardize the best
reps ramp quicker and spend integrate
more time selling CRM with email, phone and calendar. Customers
while giving leaders
accurate insight into their say
Quick Favor
Might you be open to introducing
pipeline.
within Catalyst? It would fantastic Dustin and me to the comect
why they adopted our be
solution. to share how we are person who heads-up sales
helping fims within enablement solutions
your space such as
Thank you if possible and Jumpstart and
hope you and your family have a
With Respect, great Thanksgiving Marshal
Mark

FORMATTING AN E-MAIL
As rushed as most business
people are
word Most of us scan the text.
these days, few read
any
mesSage to make it type
Format your of
out important points.
easy for the reader
correspondence word for
Keep paragraphs short to
quickly pick
Use double line
spacing between
paragraphs.

10
 32 most inmportant email etiquette tips:
the message thread.
Don't leave out
Be concise and to the point. to your emails.
Answer all questions, and pre-empt further A d d disclaimers
before you send it
Read the email
questions. to All.
Use proper spelling. grammar & punctuation. Do not o v e r u s e Reply
bcc: field
or do
Mailings use the
a mail
Make it personal.
Use templates for frequently used responses. merge.
Take care with abbreviations and emoticons.
Answer switly.
Be careful with formatting.
Do not attach unnecessary files Take care with rich text and HTML messages
Use proper structure & layout.
letters.
Do not overuse the high priority option. Do not forward chain
Do not request delivery and read receipts.
Do not write in CAPITALS.
Do not ask to recall a message.
Avoid long sentences.
Do not copy a message or attachment without
Don't send or forward emails containing
defamatory, offensive, racist or obscene permission.
remarks Use a meaningful subject.
Do not use email to discuss confidential Don't reply to spam.
information. Use active instead of passive.
Don't forward virus hoaxes and chain letters. Avoid using URGENT and IMPORTANT.
Keep your language gender neutral.
Use cc: field sparingly.

REVIEW EXERCISES IA A1 paa

Write the following e-mails, inventing suitable ld's.
1. Imagine yourselfto be the instructor ofa course in which 75 students have registered. Draft
an e-mail to be sent toallthese students asking them to selecta topic of their choice and
prepare fora professional presentation of 10 minutes duration.
2. Suppose you want to take an education loan from AXIS Bank. Write an e-mail to theCredit
Manager of AXIS Bank, Bangalore _requesting him to send you details regarding
educational loan offered by thebank.
3. Write an e-mail to your firiend in London, requesting him to send a few books on "Technical
English', which are not available in your country.
4. Draft an email to your School Director, requesting him to grant permission to go on an
industrial visit.
5. Write an email to a new customer who has written to your company asking for information
about your products/services. Ideas: thank them for writing; give some general
information; highlight a few selling points; say that you are attaching detailed information
in another document; say that they can contact you again if they have any queries.
6. Draft an email to an existing customer giving them some news about improvements to one
of your products/services. Ideas: cho0se one particular product/service and think about an
improvement in tems of quality, or variety, or speed etc. How will the customer benefit
from this improvement?
7. Write an email to a language school (or university) asking about details/arrangements ofa
course. Ideas: ask about cost, dates, accommodation etc.
8. Draft an email to a hotel asking for more infomation. Ideas: how you found out about the
hotel; questions about their prices, tell them the dates you want; tell them the kind of room;
ask about other facilities that you need.

12
 i1 I.

sitting
motionless

Eaing
writing I
s a w M.
Hamel
mind just
how everythir thing looked in
Wheneyer I looked up from my wanted to fix
in his with his garden
first at one thing, then at anothe as
if he
there in
the s a m e place,
outside the window and his class in front ofhim, been
just like that. Only the desks and benches
benches
had planted
that little school-room. Fancy! Forfortyyears
he had had
that he
and the hop-vine,
w e r e taller,
been worn smooth; the walnut-trees inthegarden broken his leave heart to it all
How it must have
roof.
uSer twined about the windows to the packing
their trunks! For t
above,
they must
about in the r o o m
poorman; to hear his sister movi
leave the country next day.
last. After the
writing, we hada lesson in
But he had the courage to hear every lesson to the very
at the back of the room
bi, bo, bu. Down there
their ba, be,
nastory, and then the babies chanted his primer in both hands, spelled
the letters wËth
had put on his spectacles and, holding
dnem.auser
You could see that he, too, was crying: his voice trembled with emotion, and was so funny
it

how well I
remember it, that last lesson!
him that we all wanted to laugh and cry. Ab,
near At the same moment the trumpets
at once the church-clock struck twelve. Then the Angelus.
All windows. M. Hamel stood up, very pale.
usS1ans, returming from drill, sounded under our
in his chair. I never saw him look so tall.
"My fnends," said he, "I-" But something choked him. He could not go
on.

e n ne tumed to the blackboard, took a piece of chalk, and, bearing on with all his might, he

wrote as largeas he could: "Vive La France!" l a fo

nen he stopped and leaned his head against the wa, and, without a word, he made a gesture to
us with his hand; "School is dismissed--you may go."

Comprehension Questions
1. Why did Franz dread to go to school that day?
2. What were the various things that tempted Franz to spend his day outdoors?
3. Why was the narrator not able to get to his desk without being seen?
4. What was Frank
sory for?
5. Why were the old
villagers sitting in the last desk?
6. What were the
thoughts of the narrator's parents?
7. Why does M. Hamel
say that we must guard our language?
8. M. Hamel was
gazing at many things. What were they?
9. When and how did M. Hamel bid
farewell to the class?
10. What hidden
message did Watcher's advice to Franz contain?
Thame Th a t Ausen y Kphew Daudet mainy a l o Hhe Dongins,
arn e wethurr fenae ond leve fort it. 9+ hds a s M
pouetim.
Te ruian tuuetnd h Rrccden t a pespt erraine ano Alsoe le aren
uop. whan he
oudenk Cdd ma uarn Hh oium languag, tiy umned
kuin i g tuructd amd miwd aaring ftemen. Te
naitie nauimm m miniqtad n khis hacr e
M te drtauw sun
atenwn
tev bnt mothru
Cewideriny ofhurt anan Me s4ually wortHn
.
a
Pek ape ad ortranne s Hhe nickims ingmuie chuwinim Thu
anchawt in hin Fhwe Can A teK it
woth +onu. atious sw
w
wa ts uan is
rnpertant This aliy
dialap Hhat mumas u e hng meru tnex A 20a.
raorud to me Hheirn u n wprtki w Ro, the faten
mew muy w vathn Han uanina Frereh
Fhinvh daru amd au
ortm e
 Unit II
Persuasive Skills

Remedial Grammar
1. TENSES- Past Simple & Past Perfect
The tense forms in English are
quite comprehensive for Indian learners. The use of
poses few problems, as there may not be corect tense
equivalents
non-native speakers of English. The choice of the verb
for certain tenses in the
mother tongue of
in English is determined
the action and the circumstances in which it by the nature of
occurs. It may also
If leamers bear depend on the
speaker's viewpoint.
in mind themeaning, the context and the time of occurrence, they may be safe in
the use of Tenses.
In all the languages we have three forms of tenses
1. Present Tense: A verb that
refers to present time is said to be in the Present Tense.
2. Past Tense: A verb that refers to
past time is said to be in the Past Tense.
3. Future Tense: A verb that refers to
future time is said to be in the Future Tense.

a) I play football today.

(Present tense)
b) played
I football
yesterday. (Past tense)
c) I shall play football tomorrow. (Future tense)
It is very essential to know the tense
when you learn a language. When you learn tense in the
language, first learn the structure and then usage of the Tenses.
Past Simple: The past simple focuses on past actions as complete facts.
The form of the past simple is the same for all persons:

Example: I/ You/ We/ They/He/ She/It (clean) cleaned on Monday.

1. I (clean)
cloanedmy car on Monday
2. You
(walk)salkd three miles on Tuesday. (walk | Tuesdays)
3. We
(cook) caked lunch on Wednesday. took| wednesday
4. They (sew)
Sel curtains on Thursday.
5. He (film)
lmed_the movie on Friday.
6. She
(play) Aaupd_chesson Saturday. glap saturdays)
Short answer
Did you enjoy the meal? Yes, we did/ No, we didn't.

Usage of Past Simple

1)Past simple is used to express an action completed at a specific time.
Example: Nikhil went to Kolkata yesterday.
Hari watched a horror movie last night.
2) to express a habit or custom in the past.
Example: My grandmother drank tea when she was in Hyderabad.
I walked 8kms to school when I was a child.
3)past simple is used with an if-clause to express a wish.
Example: If only I knew her response (I do not know)

17
 I wish I were/was a bird. (I cannot be)
dt
Suppose we spent the next weekend wjh Goa? (we are not going to)

Fil in the spaces with the correct forms of these regular verbs in simple past tense.
oTe when a regular verb ends in a consonant +"y", the "y" is changed to "jed" to form the
simple past tense.
Example: 1/ You / We/ They/ He/ She/It (try) tried to buy tickets.

1. I
(dry) druied_the dishes after dinner.
2. You
(worry) whind_about the last test.
3. We
4. They
(copy)_LApiLd_Sally's notes from the lecture.
(cry) htdwhen their team lost.
5. She
(fry) hMidall of her food until now.
Nofe: When verb has one syllable and ends in a consonant + vowel +
a
consonant, the final
consonant is doubled before
adding-ed to form the simple past tense. Exceptions to this rule are
words that end in 'w' or'x', like sewed
and waxed.
Example: I/ You / We/
They/ He / She It (chop) chopped the wood.
1. You
2.
(jog) idyesterday morning.
We (f1lip)
3.
ispudthe pancakes at breakfast.
They (chop) _lhaga firewood last winter.
4. He (mix)
5. The nurse
oaAked_the chemicals together in the lab.
(help) Jalpdthe patient to stand upc
Choose the correct forms
oftheseirregular verbsimple Dast tens
Note: Iregular verbs have
unexpected spelling changes in various tenses,
including the simple
past tense.

Example: I/You/We/ They/ He/ She It [bringed / brought] a gift to the

1. You wedding Saturday.
(make) [maked/ made] a good cake for his birthday.
2. We (choose) [choosed/ chose] to ride the train yesterday.
3. They (fall) [falled / fell] while skating together.
4. He (keep) [keeped /
kept} the profits for himself.
5. She (meet) [meeted/ met] her
new coach on Monday.
6. It (ring) [ringed / rang] the bell on the birdhouse two times.

Fill in the spaces with the correct form of the verb in

parentheses in simple past tense. Then
indicate whether the verb is regular or irregular.

Example: The waiter (break) broke the glass at lunchtime. (regular/ irregular)
Example: The child (jump) jumped on the trampoline in gym class. (regular / irregular)
. Mr. Rohan (mow) AMGued_the grass yesterday morning. (regular/ irregular)
2. Vicky and I (hide) nid_the presents before the party. (regular/
irregular)
3. The old cars (lead) led_the parade last year. (regular/ irregular)
4. Mr. Jagan (lay) Ladthe tile in our old house. (regular/ irregular)
5. The student (finish) linashed, his big project on time. (regular/ irregular)
18
 Nore: Io this exercise, adverbs, like stil, nlrendy, usually, frequently, slowly, qulekly and
others-are used in simple past tense verbs, An ndverh tells us somethlng more nbout the
action of the verb. It issaldl.to "modity" theverh
Example: Suman (quickly, swim) quickly swam the first two laps of the race.

. Mr. and Mrs. Reddy (usually,stay).uadualk Aynt Cape Hatleras for the senson.
2. Sunitha (already, play)aluadgplaeAhe fMute well before she began to play the
piccolo.
3. The sun (slowly, drop) Alouks deztgho ow the horizon as we watched.
4. The Principal (kindly,speak)xiealliy aA_to the crying child.
5. The children (normally, wait) Makaal for the bus on the corner of MG and
Brigade Streets. mai tes

Review oftheSimplePastTenss
in tense.
Fill in the spaces with the correct form of the verb in parentheses simple past
When Smriti (be) AJa(1) seven years old, she (do, not, like)didnad ikk 2)
practise, and sometimes she
even (cry) cCMiLe (4) whenlike)_ded
piano lessons. She (do, not, sut liku (3) to
it (be)_nlan_(5) time to practite. Finally, she(stop) ztepaud6)

taking lessons.
(7) their lessons. They
Some of Smriti's friends (do, not, quit)_Aid met Ait
to play very well.
(continue) (8) to play. After much practice, they (learn)A24st9)
Conau
Past Perfect
3 actions that have been completed before otherpast actions.
can also
It
Note: This tense describes since then).
the distant past (other actions have happened
describe actions that happened in comes after "had")is

When used in the simple past perfect

tense, the pastparticiple (the word that
In this exercise all of the past
and therefore retains its simple past tense spelling.
often regular,
participles requested are regular.
had hiked some difficult trails before that trip
We/ They/He/ She/It (hike)
Example: I/ You/
to Canada.
before the test was given.
extremely hard
1. I(study) had siudied before we had any ripe
lot of tomatoes from your garden
2. You (pick)_had p es_a

only found one.

ones in ours.
vacant hotel rooms, but we
find many
3. We (expect) ad
Peded_to
they were more prepared in
the Super Bowl in 1990,
so

4. They ( p l a y " p l a r d _ i n
1995.
photography before
he tried
black-and-white ilm
5. He (enjoy) a0 ousd_color
19
 Usage of Past Perfect
u Wnich had been completed before another action had begun.

The train had left

before I reached the station.
The film had
started by the time we got to the cinema hall.
Iwent to bed after I had switched
off the television.
2) An unfulfilled wish in the past.
I wish I had
accepted the letter
We wish we had heeded our
parents' advice.
3)To denote an action which contains the words "already', "till', "before.

If you had worked hard,you would have passed.

IfI had gone touniversity, I would have studied computers.
IfT had known you wanted the book I would have given it.

Fill in the spaces with the correct fornm of the verb in parentheses in simple past perfecttense
Then indicate whether the past participle is regular or irregular.

Note: This exercise offers practice in using negatives in the simple past perfect tense.
Example: Huan (not, want) had not wanted to study chemistry last semester. (regular / irregular)

1. We (not, stand)_had nat S tued_in the rain long before the gates were opened.
(regular / iregular)
2. Rini and Babitha (not, have) naaakA hane_much experience with building before
they started their deck. (regular/ irregular)
3 The Smiths (not, save) a An
the deadline arrived. (regular / iregular)
Aanudenough money to pay their taxes before
4. Helen and Ram (not,
work) dh2dmgt n k_for six months, then the company
rehired them. (regular / irregular)
5. The batsman (not,
swing) iaa ot aaDAM_at any pitches before he was hit by
the bal. (regular / iregular

20
Date Atul 202

2. Writing Skills

REPORT WRITINGG

used to convey information from one organizational

A report is an orderly, objective message
or from one institution to
another to assist in decision making or problem solving.
area to another
are a form of written çommunication.
A report gives an account of what is
Just as letters, reports of
or observed. Reports convey
the required information. There are many forms
seen, heard
reports. They are:

. Technical Reports
2. Laboratory Reports
3. Research Reports
4. Feasibility Reports
5. Progress Reports
etc.
6. Trip reports
must be clear, concise and logical.
In general, reports
Format of the Report
1. Purpose of the report
Introduction and statement of
the problem
2.
Method for data collection
adopted
3.
4. Summary/ discussion
recommendations if any
5. Conclusion / findings /
6. Bibliography

Parts of the Report

or elements:
include the following parts
A formal report may 8. Introduction
1. Title page 9. Methodology
Analysis
2. Preface 10. Discussion /Finding/
3. Letter of Transmittal 11. Conclusion
4. Acknowledgements 12. R e c o m m e n d a t i o n s

5. Table of Contents 13. Appendices

Bibliography
14. References and
illustrations
6. List of
Abstract/
Executive summary
7.
task with a lot of
as possible. Do not approach the
must be as objective
writing, you
NOTE: In report with
preconceived bias. health." It is better to begin
smoking is dangerous to your "Is smoking
that
am going
to prove
question. For example:
For example: "I to find a n s w e r s to your

do the research
mind and then
a question in
health?"
to your
really dangerous

21
 A REPORT ON SECTION

FILLING
THE GAS
T ACCIDENT IN
OF THE FACTORY

SUBMITTED TO

Mr. R Ravichandran

Chairman
Bengaluru.
Cethar Vessels Limited,
(cene
SUBMITTED BY

ve pageGulup Mr. S. Ramcharan

Chief Engineer
Cethar Vessels Limited, Bengalur.

DATE
February 20, 2017

o To
The Chaiman,
Sir,
Shot d r e i Sub: Report on the fire accident.
Ref: Your memo dt 19 February, 2017.
n i m With reference to the accident that took place a couple ofdays ago in our factory, the following
report is submitted after a thorough analysis of the facts.

On the19 February, 2017, a fire broke out around 1.30 pm in the electrical workshop. It spread so
quickly that it engulfed a vast area consuming a large number of tools and spare parts in the
process. Moreover, the electrical foreman, Mr. Y, sustained burn injuries. Fortunately, he was the
only person who was working at the time, as the other workers had gone for lunch.

The firemen were summoned immediately and the fire

extinguished after half an hour. Mr. Y was
hospitalized with two percent burn injuries and is now recovering fast.

Under investigation, it is found that the fire broke out because of a

short circuit in the switchbox.
As the machines were in operation and chlorine gas
being filled in the cylinders, the fire
quickly. This devastating fire resulted in a loss about a lakh of rupees. spread
In order to avert such mishaps in future, the
following are recommended
1. The worm out wiring should be
immediately replaced and checked at
leakages. regular intervals for
2. It is necessary to install more fire
extinguishers at vantage points.
3. Proper fuses must be installed to avoid excess flow of current.

22
 4. Employees should be trained to handle the electric components snfely along with fire
extinguishers.
. Fire alarms should be installed in the electrical workshop, since lot of welding wonk is in
progress.
If the above measures are implemented forthwith, such accidents can be prevented in future
be averted.
thereby great loss to property and human
resources can

Yours faithfiully
(Sd)

Chief Engineer

Model Report II:

Amul Chocolates in the market.
A feasibility report for introducing
A SURVEY REPORT
On

Introduction of Amul chocolate

In Bengaluru city for Ugadi

Submitted To
cove The Marketing Director

Amul Milk Products Limited

**** **

By
Mr. Nishant
Junior Manager

15 April 2017

Director of Amul Milk

TERM OF REFERENCE
As required by the marketing
was made to find the
products Limited, a study the market.
Amul chocolates into
feasibility of introducing
Recommendations have been included as requested.
sent to
A team ofyoungsters comprising girls and boys were
PROCEDURE zones, houses
They visited market areas, school
brief questionnaire.
different localities with a and to
the old to answer the questions
slums and coaxed the young and
and even with nearly 1000
They had used the questionnaire
ideas and suggestions.
come out with
at no cost, requested
the customers to taste the
products
people. They issued sample The extensive exercise
was fruitful and encouraging.
chocolate and give their opinion.
After collecting all the responses,
thorough analysis was
FINDINGS
done. These are the findings:
market. So
chocolate varieties in the
1. Already there are many a hold
standard only it can get
if the product is of very high
in the market.
a. the quality should be very good
23
 than exisung vanieties
b. the size should be bigger
c. should be reasonably
priced
2. The marketing strategies
a. use attractive wrappers
b. make the size big
with high milk contept
c. initial prices should be good
CONCLUSION After analyzing the extensive
market survey about

introducing a new chocolate in the market, it has been found that the product will be received by
1 h e exercise has helped me conclude thatchocolates having soft, creamy
r e and hard, crispy exterior are liked by people of all age groups. Older and ooese people fee!
that the saccharine content should be kept to the minimum.
RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The product can be put in small
attractive packs and

supplied to customers of a specific product compliment

as

t can be introduced in various sizes. Initially some attractive gifts like cartoon

pichures/small animal or popular personality model can be given to attract children.

3. No compromise on
qualityshould be there.
4 lt is better if the chocolates are manufactured with a soft, creamy core and a hard, crispy
exterior.
5. The price tag should be
15 April 2017
responsible.
Nishant.
Junior Executive
Appendix
A Sample questionnaire has been attached
Name
Age :4-78-12 13-20 20-35 35 and above
Sex Male/Female
Do you like chocolates: Yes/ No
Which brand do you like the most?
Cadburys
Milky Bar
Five Star
Amul

What is your opinion about Amul Chocolate? Good:

Average:
Poor
How would you rate the different chocolate varieties?
Good Average Poor

Cadburys
Milky Bar
Five Star
Amul
Would vou like to give your suggesuons reason o r
your liking of a
particular variety?

24
 Review Exercises
Write a report on the following topics:
1. Imagine that you are a Safety Engineer in a car manufacturing factory. There has been
a fire accident in the factory and five of the workers has been badly hurt and is in the
hospital. Your General Manager has asked you to send him a detailed report on the
accident together with your recommendations for averting a similar accident in the
future. Prepare a report accordingly.
2. Imagine that you are the Chief Executive of a well-known soft drink manufacturing
firm. You have been asked by the Board of Directors to study the consumer reaction
to the newly introduced carton-packed soft drink. Make a report on the progress ofthe
product with suggestion to improve the sales
3. A report on a meeting of an organization you belong to.
students of your class.
4. Write a report on the visit to local textile industry by a group of
observation
Include all necessary details such as purpose of visit, industry visited,
made and your conclusion. The same is to be submitted to the training officer of your

institution.

3.Activities
Book and Movie Reviews