The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a
Mutual respect for the independence, sovereignty, equality,
regional grouping founded on 8 August 1967 by:
Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines
Its objectives are:
1. Accelerate economic growth, social progress, cultural
development in the Southeast Asian region through multilateral
cooperation.
2. A non-political platform to maintain peace and stability among
member states and external partners.
3. Mutual assistance on matters of common interest.
4. Provide assistance to each other in the form of training and
research facilities.
5. Collaborate for better utilization and industry to raise the living
standards of people.
The grouping was formed when the foreign ministers – Adam Malik
of Indonesia, Narciso Ramos of the Philippines, Tun Abdul Razak
of Malaysia, S. Rajaratnam of Singapore and Tun Thanat
Khoman of Thailand – of the five founding member states convened
in the Department of Foreign Affairs building in Bangkok to sign the
ASEAN Declaration.
Today, ASEAN is considered one of the most successful
intergovernmental organizations in the developing world. Since its
founding, the grouping has expanded to include other Southeast
Asian states – Brunei (1984), Vietnam (1995), Laos (1997),
Myanmar (1997) and Cambodia (1999).
Having relations with one another, the ASEAN Member States have
adopted the following fundamental principles:
1.
territorial integrity, and national identity of all nations;
2. The right of every State to lead its national existence free from
external interference, subversion or coercion;
3. Non-interference in the internal affairs of one another;
4. Settlement of differences or disputes by peaceful manner;
5. Renunciation of the threat or use of force; and6. Effective
cooperation among themselves.
6. Effective cooperation among themselves.
CRITICISMS
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has frequently
faced criticism for its consensus-driven decision-making approach
— one that critics say hinders progress and encourages
avoiding, rather than confronting, contentious issues like human
rights and conflict in the South China Sea. The ASEAN approach
tends to focus on the process instead of the result. In the end, the
implementation of documents ends up in a long queue.
FAO as a United Nation Agency was also a place for suggestions
and place for debates on global programs that will be tackled food
and agriculture. Negations take place in their main office located
in Rome, Italy. The FAO also have 130 offices all over the
world with and employees reaching 11,500 staffs. Funds
for this organization were coming from public-private
partnership. They are using these funds to improve smallholder’s
agriculture and to continue the food cycle that can alleviate
hunger globally in the best way that they can. They have already
provided information back then about the situation of hunger in
the World. They have also showed their support on those
people since they have been providing support in agriculture
and global strategies to alleviated hunger. FAO tirelessly show
their concern in ceasing hunger as they provide international
efforts in partnership with other countries in modernizing
and improving agriculture, forestry and fishery practices.
RATIONALE OF THE ORGANIZATION
Basically, the United Nations have established FAO to combat
global hunger and to unlock new ways to support and improve
agricultural practices in the world. They have also addressed
providing assistance to those people who are in the field of
agriculture so that they can produce a great number of root
crops so that they have food to eat in a span of time.
The Food and Agriculture Organization have set out their
official strategic objectives: Help eliminate hunger, food insecurity,
and malnutritionMake agriculture, forestry, and fisheries more
productive and sustainableReduce rural povertyEnable inclusive
and efficient agricultural and food systemsIncrease the resilience of
livelihoods to threats and crises
Generally, the Food and Agriculture Organization have 194
Member countries, one Member Organization and two Associate
members.
7 Divisions in the Food and Agriculture Organization.
1. The Agriculture and Consumer Protection
Department promotes agriculture to eradicate human
poverty while also protecting the environment and ensuring
safe food practices and standards.
2. The Climate, Biodiversity, Land and Water
Department promote sustainable management practices for land,
soils, energy, water, biodiversity, and genetic resources.
3. The Corporate Services Department supports the entire FAO
organization.
4. The Economic and Social Development Department
promotes economic development through internal production and
trade.
5. The Fisheries and Aquaculture Department promotes the
management of aquaculture and fishing.
6. The Forestry Department promotes the management of
resources through forestry.
7. The Technical Cooperation and Programme Management
Department supports member countries in their programs and
responds to food- and agriculture-related threats and crises.
CRITICISMS ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION
One major criticism mentioned in an article against the FAO is the
application of the GMO or Genetically Modified Organism. To
give some insights, “A GMO, or genetically modified organism, is a
plant, animal, microorganism or other organism whose genetic
makeup has been modified in a laboratory using genetic engineering
or transgenic technology. This creates combinations of plant,
animal, bacterial and virus genes that do not occur in
nature or through traditional crossbreeding methods.” Some
activists argued that GMO should not be made available for
public use since the safeness of the GMO products are not yet
fully verified.
INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW
One section of the International Law (body of rules governing  The principle of proportionality
relations between States) is the International Humanitarian Law also
referred to as the Law of War or Law of Armed Conflict. It is the legal  The principle of humanity
framework applicable to situations of armed conflict and
International Labour Organization.
occupation composed of set of rules which seek for humanitarian
reasons, to limit the effects of armed conflict. Rationale and members of the International Labour
Organization.
Origin of International Humanitarian Law
The International Labour Organization is an organization that aim to
International humanitarian law is derived from the rules of
improve the world at the labor aspect, implementing justice socially
ancient civilizations and religions. Warfare has always been existing
and economically around the world. Promoting the rights of
to principles and customs coming from the past. However, the formal
workers, increasing the opportunities of people to get a job,
and universal codification of international humanitarian law began in
improving the safety of every workers, and resolving issues at
the nineteenth century. Since then, States have joined to agree to a
working aspect. The International Labour Organization is dedicated
series of practical rules, based on the bitter experience of modern
to their goal to pursue and maintain the peace related to labor
warfare. These rules strive a careful balance between humanitarian
globally. The aim of the International Labour Organization is
concerns and the military requirements of a State. Considering the
connected to the equality of the workers, employers and
continues growth of the international community, an increasing
governments; making peace, progress, and innovation for a better
number of States have contributed to the development of the
communication and economy.
rules. International humanitarian law as of today forms a universal
body of law. The four strategic objectives of the International Labour
Organization are:
Scope of International Humanitarian Law
1. Set and promote standards and fundamental principles and rights
The protection of those who are not, or no longer, taking part
at work;
in fighting
2. Create greater opportunities for women and men to decent
Basic Principles of IHL
employment and income;
 The distinction between civilians and combatants 3. Enhance the coverage and effectiveness of social protection
 The prohibition of attacks against those hors de combat for all;

 The prohibition on the infliction of unnecessary suffering 4. Strengthen tripartism and social dialogue.
There are four ways to execute the goals. These are the;
 The principle of necessity
1. Formulation of international policies and programmes to
promote basic human rights, improve working and living
conditions, and enhance employment opportunities;
2. Creation of international labour standards backed by a unique
system to supervise their application;
3. An extensive programme of international technical cooperation
formulated and implemented in an active partnership with
constituents, to help countries put these policies into practice in an
effective manner;
4. Training, education and research activities to help advance all of
these efforts.”
When and how was the International Labour Organization form?
On 1919, Paris Peace Conference were held with the victorious
countries of the first war and representative of the other countries, it
was the time when the International Labour Organization was
founded and became as one of the part of the Treaty of Versatile that
leads to the cease of the World War I. It is originally created as one
of the League of Nation's agency. During 1919, the American and
British give their proposals, despite of opposing, the proposal of the
American was adopted. 10 proposal from the Americans were
drafted by Samuel Gompers, known as the head of the American
Federation of Labour, in charged at the meeting of Labour
Commission. Three remain unchanged, three were enchance,
and the four were changed with other ideas. The Paris Peace
conference lead to the result of the International Labour Organization
being a tripartite organization, where it is composed of the
representative of the government, workers, and employers
making them equal with rights or power in the organization.
This made the International Labour Organization unique from other
organization of the United Nation. The constitution of the
International Labour Organization is compose of four chapters and
40 articles.
Criticisms about the International Labour Organization.
Since the birth of ILO, criticisms have been thrown at their
organization. ILO is known for being slow that’s why they are
being criticized. They are also a lacking teeth and they somehow
lack capacity. According to the former general secretary of UNI
Global Union, Philip Jennings, when it comes to the application in
ILO there has been an issue spreading out. Regarding the voting
for a convention in Geneva a contradiction with certain
governments arises. Different issues have been thrown in the ILO
and of these issues were said by Philip Jennings also, he said
something about the standards of ILO and the business
community was often s often ignorant regarding this. They were also
ignorant about the scope of ILO’s work and effort like in improving
the supply chains.
Rationale of ESCAP
The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and
the Pacific (ESCAP) is one of the five regional commissions under
the jurisdiction of the United Nations Economic and Social Council It
was established in order to increase economic activity in Asia and
the Far East, as well as to foster economic relations between the
region and other areas of the world, with priority accorded to the
implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. ESCAP
emphasizes strengthening institutional capacities to serve the rights
of the people of the region and address their aspirations and needs.
 ESCAP pursues this objective by carrying out work, in close
cooperation with other United Nations entities and intergovernmental
organizations in the region, in the following areas:
1. Macroeconomic Policy and Financing for Development
2. Trade, Investment and Innovation
3. Transport
4. Environment and Development
5. Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk
Reduction
7. Statistics
8. Energy
Our Focus and Services
Our mission on energy is to ensure access to affordable, reliable,
sustainable, and modern energy for all in Asia and the Pacific in line
with Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7) targets, and to
enhance energy security and connectivity through regional
cooperation We provide platform for dialogue and knowledge sharing
and implements programmers to foster the transition to a sustainable
energy system by advancing energy access, renewable energy, and
energy efficiency.
When and how organization form
The commission was first established by the Economic and Social
Council on 28 March 1947 as the United Nations Economic
Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE) to assist in post-war
economic reconstruction. Its main mandate was to "initiate and
participate in measures for facilitating concerted action for the
economic reconstruction and development of Asia and the Far East."
On 1 August 1974, the commission was renamed to the Economic
and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) by the
Economic and Social Council to reflect both the economic and social
aspects of the Commission's work, as well as geographic location of
its members
ESCAP‘s journey began in 1947 in Shanghai, China as the
Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE) to assist
in post-war economic reconstruction. Two years later, it moved to its
present-day headquarters in Bangkok in January 1949.
Building upon progress and cooperation, ESCAP‘s name was
changed in 1974 to reflect both the economic and social aspects of
development and the geographic location of its member countries.
Criticism about ESCAP
Eliminating violence against women and girls.
Despite the efforts of countries to address violence, the region has a
long way to go to eliminate violence.
Political participation of women.
Though there has been steady progress over the past 25 years,
ESCAP research showsthat it will take at least 20 years to reach an
average parliamentary participation rate of 30 per cent for women
across the region and 44 years to achieve gender parity in
parliamentary representation.
Women’s entrepreneurship and women-led enterprises.
Countries recognized women‘s entrepreneurship as an important
avenue for achieving women‘s economic empowerment. By ensuring
an enabling policy environment, countries will be able to rectify the
financial, technological and scaling-up challenges faced by women
entrepreneurs.
International Monetary Fund(IMF)
Rationale of the Organization
The International Monetary Fund, or IMF, promotes international
financial stability and monetary cooperation. It also facilitates
international trade, promotes employment and sustainable
economic growth, and helps to reduce global poverty. The IMF is
governed by and accountable to its 190 member countries.
What We Do
Strengthening the capacity of economic institutions, such as central
banks and finance ministries, results in more effective policies that
lead to greater economic stability and growth.That is why for more
than 50 years, the IMF has worked with governments around the
world to strengthen these institutions by providing technical
assistance and training on critical economic issues. This helps
countries develop the foundation they need to achieve their
growth and development goals.
IMF was founded on December 27, 1945 in Bretton Woods,
New Hampshire, United States.
Landmark Doctrines in State Recognition
Wilson Doctrine
It was named after Carlos Tobar, foreign relations minister of
Ecuador in 1907 and reiterated in 1931 by President Woodrow
Wilson of the United States and turned it to be known as Wilsonian
Policy
. Also known as the Doctrine of Legitimacy
 No recognition for unconstitutional governments
 Tobar Doctrine do not generally recognize governments that
come into power as a consequence of military coups or
revolutions but it does recognize as an exception new government
that come to power through a coup if the people, without
coercion, affirm and accept the new government.
Design to discourage revolutions, these provided that the parties
shall not recognize consequences of a coup d ‘etat or a revolution
against the recognized Government, so long as the freely elected
representatives of the people thereof have not constitutionally
reorganized the country. They also disqualified the leaders of a coup
d ‘etat from assuming the presidency or vice presidency.
Betancourt Doctrine
 The Rómulo Betancourt Doctrine is a doctrine of foreign
policy promoted by the president of Venezuela Rómulo
Betancourt that establishes the rupture of diplomatic relations
with governments without democratic and dictatorial origins.
Lauterpacht Doctrine
 The Lauterpacht doctrine is both declaratory and constitutive.
It is based upon certain facts but also relies on recognition of the
state as an entity which possesses all the rights and obligations of
statehood by other states in the international community. The
doctrine is an ingenious bid to reconcile legal elements into a
coherent theory. It accepts the realities of state and government
creation by practical and occasionally extralegal means, and
attempts to assimilate such means into the supremacy of
international law.
Stimson Doctrine
 A United States policy for non-recognition of countries born
from aggression
 Implemented by the United States Federal Government to the
Empire of Japan and the Republic of China for non-recognition of
any treaties between them that violates U.S. rights and agreements
 Named after and made by Henry L. Stimson, the United
States Secretary of States during the administration of the President
Herbert Hoover.
Law of the Sea
Rationale
The law of the sea is a body of public international law governing the
geographic jurisdictions of coastal States and the rights and duties
among States in the use and conservation of the ocean environment
and its natural resources. The law of the sea is commonly associated
with an international treaty, the Convention on the Law of the Sea
(UNCLOS), negotiated under the auspices of the United Nations,
which was signed in 1982 by 117 States and entered into force in
1994. This article outlines the public international law of the sea,
focusing mainly on UNCLOS.
Purpose of UNLOS
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) is
established to define coastal and maritime boundaries, to regulate
seabed exploration not within territorial claims, and to distribute
revenue from regulated exploration.
Main Objective of UNCLOS
To facilitate International Communications; To enable equitable and
efficient utilisation of ocean resources; To protect and preserve the
marine environment; To promote Maritime safety.
When it was Form?
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
was adopted in 1982 in Montego Bay, Jamaica and entered into
force on 16 November 1994. UNCLOS provides a comprehensive
legal framework governing all activities and uses of the world's seas
and oceans. The Convention establishes general obligations for
safeguarding the marine environment and protecting freedom of
scientific research on the high seas.
Critics About UNCLOS
In the context of the recent China-India clashes, many Indian
commentators sought to emphasise what they felt were the more
general duplicities of China’s strategic orientation by pointing to its
unwarranted maritime claims and behaviour in the South China Sea.
A few pointed out that the United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) decisively ruled
against some of these claims in favour of the Philippines and
Vietnam.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
Rationale of the OECD
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
(OECD) is an international organization that works to build better
policies for better lives. OECD goal is to shape policies that foster
prosperity,equality,opportunity andwell- being for all. Together with
governments, policymakers and citizens, they work one stablishing
evidence- based international standards and finding solutions to a
range of social, economic and environmental challenges. From
improving economic performance and creating jobs to fostering
strong education and fighting international tax evasion, they provide
a unique forum and knowledge hub for data and analysis, exchange
of experiences, best- practice sharing, and advice on public policies
and international standard-setting.
The OECD’s Mission
The mission of the OECD is to promote policies that will improve the
economic and socialwelfare of people in developed nations.
The OECD’s Objectives
The main purpose of the OECD is to improve the global economy
and promote world trade. It provides an outlet for the governments of
different countries to work together to find solutions to common
problems. It includes working with democratic nations that share a
commitment to improving the economy and well-being of the general
population.
The OECD’s main focus is to help governments around the
world achieve the following:
•Improve confidence in markets and the institutions that help them
function.
•Obtain healthy public finances to achieve future sustainable growth.
•Achieve growth through innovation, environmentally friendly
strategies, and the sustainability of developing economies.
•Provide resources for people to develop the skills they need to be
productive.
When and how was the OECD forms
The OECD was initially called the Organization for European
Economic Cooperation, or OEEC. It was started in 1948, after World
War II, to run the Marshall Plan to reconstruct Europe. It’s goal was
to help European governments recognize their economic
interdependence. In this way, it was one of the roots of the European
Union.
Criticism about the OECD
According to James K. Jackson (2013), the criticisms about the
OECD are the following:
•OECD represents a danger to national sovereignty, because they
claim it is one among a number of international bodies that exceeds
the authority of national government, yet is accountable to no one.
•Others viewed the OECD as an economic cartel dominated by the
United States and serving mainly the economic and political interest
of the United States.
International Environmental Law
International Environmental Law focuses on pollution abatement,
remediation, and compensation for the harms stemming from
environmentally hazardous activities. International environmental
law plays an important role in shaping and giving effect to
institutional policies for managing natural resources. Its rules,
principles, and procedures are related not only when they are binding
as hard law but also when they provide non-binding guidance as soft
law for national and sub-national policies. In either normative
capacity, international environmental law lends greater authority
and coherence to divergent sectoral policies and fills gaps where
effective policies are incomplete or do not exist. The law also
facilitates the transfer of institutional policies and techniques from
one political unit or system to another.
4. Environment Impact Assessment Principle
5. Principle of Intergenerational Equity
6. Polluter Pays Principle
7. Principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibility
8. Principle of Non-discrimination
UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL
ORGANIZATION
Rationale and Purpose
UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization. It seeks to build peace through international
cooperation in Education, the Sciences and Culture. UNESCO's
programmes contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable
Development Goals defined in Agenda 2030, adopted by the UN
General Assembly in 2015.
This project aims to help UNESCO Member States and other
stakeholders introduce or reinforce a sustainability science approach
into transdisciplinary research and education, to enable them to
better respond to global challenges. The main output of the project is
a set of guidelines on sustainability science – from definition to
application. These have been identified and developed through three
Principles
1. Principle of Good Neighborliness
2. Precautionary Principle
3. Principles of Sustainable Development
symposia that served to foster dialogue and collaboration among
experts and policy-makers.
WHEN AND HOW THE ORGANIZATION WAS FORMED
UNESCO was established on November 4th, 1946 as a specialized
agency of the UN. Its 1st General Conference was held on
November 19th, 1946 in Paris.
Soon after WW II, in November 1945, a United Nations Conference
for the establishment of an educational and cultural organization was
convened in London with representatives from 44 countries. Initiated
by France and the United Kingdom, the delegates decided to create
an organization that would embody a genuine culture of peace. At
the end of the conference, the United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization was founded and the Constitution of
UNESCO, signed on 16 November 1945, came into force on 4
November 1946.
UNITED NATIONS
RATIONALE OF THE ORGANIZATION
The United Nations was formed in 1945 in the wake of World War II
as a way to reduce international tensions, promote human rights, and
reduce the possibility of other large-scale conflicts. It is a
successor to the League of Nations, a body devoted to
international cooperation that was formed in 1920 after World
War I, but found itself unable to prevent the outbreak of war in The United Nations (UN) was created at the end of World War II as
Europe and Asia in the 1930s. an international peacekeeping organization and a forum for resolving
conflicts between nations.
FIVE MAIN PURPOSES OF UNITED NATIONS
The UN replaced the ineffective League of Nations, which had
MAINTAIN INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
failed to prevent the outbreak of the Second World War.
PROTECT HUMAN RIGHTS
The UN was established on October 24, 1945, with headquarters in
DELIVER HUMANITARIAN AID Manhattan, New York City, and reflected the rise of the United States
to global leadership in the postwar period.
PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
TOP 3 CRITICISMS OF UNITED NATION
UPHOLD INTERNATIONAL LAW
1.United Nations have suspected that it abuses national
Six Principal Organs of the United Nation sovereigntyand promotes globalism.
1. General Assembly 2.United Nations Population Fundhas been accused by different
groupsof providing support for government programs which have
2. Security Council
promoted forced-abortions and coercive sterilizations.
3. Economic and Social Council
3.Recurrent failures ofthe United Nations concerning the
4. Trusteeship Council maintenance of international peace andsecurity have continuously
clouded its reputation due to many people have died because of the
5. International Court of Justice UN’s lack of involvement and intervention in the following reasons
6. Secretariat below.

World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that
provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-
WHEN ANDHOW THE ORGANIZATION WAS FORMED income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. It
comprises two institutions: the International Bank for Reconstruction
OVERVIEW: and Development (IBRD), and the International Development
Association (IDA). The World Bank is a component of the World
Bank Group.
Objectives
1. To provide long-run capital to member countries for economic
reconstruction and development.
2. To induce long-run capital investment for assuring Balance
of Payments (BoP) equilibrium and balanced development of
international trade.
3. To provide guarantee for loans granted to small and large units
and other projects of member countries.
4. To ensure the implementation of development projects so as
to bring about a smooth transference from a war-time to peace
economy.
5. To promote capital investment in member countries by the
following ways;
Functions:
World Bank is playing main role of providing loans for
development works to member countries, especially to
underdeveloped countries. The World Bank provides long-term loans
for various development projects of 5 to 20 years duration.
1. World Bank provides various technical services to the member
countries. For this purpose, the Bank has established “The Economic
Development Institute” and a Staff College in Washington.
2. Bank can grant loans to a member country up to 20% of
its share in the paid-up capital.
3. The quantities of loans, interest rate and terms and conditions are
determined by the Bank itself.
4. Generally, Bank grants loans for a particular project duly submitted
to the Bank by the member country.
5. The debtor nation has to repay either in reserve currencies or in
the currency in which the loan was sanctioned.
6. Bank also provides loan to private investors belonging to member
countries on its own guarantee, but for this loan private investors
have to seek prior permission from those counties where this amount
will be collected.
WHEN AND HOW WORLD BANK FORMED?
Conceived in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Monetary
Conference in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, the World
Bank’s initial aim was to help rebuild European countries
devastated by World War II. Its first loan was to France in
1947 for post-war reconstruction. Soon, however, other actors
began to take over the role of reconstruction support and the
Bank shifted its attention to the needs of its members in Latin
America, Africa, and Asia. In the 1950s and 60s, the funding of
large infrastructure projects, such as dams, electrical grids,
irrigation systems, and roads was the Bank’s primary focus. The
Bank’s technical assistance work, which provided countries
with technical resources and training necessary to use the
Bank’s loans effectively, was increasingly requested by member
countries.
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the international •Explaining to and educating the public about the WTO, its mission
organization whose primary purpose is to open trade for the and its activities.
benefit of all. The WTO provides a forum for negotiating
WHEN AND HOW THE ORGANIZATION FORM
agreements aimed at reducing obstacles to international trade and
ensuring a level playing field for all, thus contributing to From the early days of the Silk Road to the creation of the
economic growth and development. The WTO also provides a General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the
legal and institutional framework for the implementation birth of the WTO, trade has played an important role in
and monitoring of these agreements, as well as for settling supporting economic development and promoting peaceful
disputes arising from their interpretation and application. relations among nations. The WTO was born out of the General
Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which was established in
The WTO's main activities are:
1947. GATT was part of the Bretton Woods-inspired family,
•Negotiating the reduction or elimination of obstacles to trade (import including the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World
tariffs, other barriers to trade) and agreeing on rules governing the Bank. A series of trade negotiations, GATT rounds began at the
conduct of international trade (e.g. antidumping, subsidies, product end of World War II and were aimed at reducing tariffs for the
standards, etc.) facilitation of global trade. The rationale for GATT was based on the
most-favored-nation (MFN) clause, which, when assigned to one
•Administering and monitoring the application of the WTO's agreed
country by another, gives the selected country privileged trading
rules for trade in goods, trade in services, and trade-related
rights.8 As such, GATT aimed to help all countries obtain MFN-
intellectual property rights
like status so no single country would hold a trading advantage over
•Monitoring and reviewing the trade policies of our members, as well others.
as ensuring transparency of regional and bilateral trade agreements
•Settling disputes among our members regarding the interpretation
and application of the agreements
•Building capacity of developing country government officials in
international trade matters
•Assisting the process of accession of some 30 countries who are
not yet members of the organization
•Conducting economic research and collecting and disseminating
University Vision, Mission and Goal
trade data in support of the WTO's other main activities
Vision
By 2024, WU-P is a Methodist institution of learning that fosters
academic excellence, innovative research, transformative leadership,
environmental stewardship and health care services at par with
global standards imbued with social holiness.
Mission
Wesleyan University- Philippines provides quality education and
compassionate health care services imbued with Wesleyan
spirituality, to produce competent graduated committed to the healing
of persons and the whole creation for the Glory of the God.
The Wesleyan Graduate
The WU-P graduate embodies global competitiveness, servant
leadership, uncompromised integrity, and compassionate heart;
nurtured in the Wesleyan tradition, s/he is ready to serve as an
effective agent at change in a dynamic society.