L3_Group 2 Questions – Reactions and solubility

Q1.
 
Which of the following statements is correct?
   A     Barium sulfate is less soluble in water than calcium sulfate.
   B     Barium hydroxide is less soluble in water than calcium hydroxide.
   C     Barium nitrate undergoes thermal decomposition more readily than calcium nitrate.
   D     Barium shows more than one oxidation state in its compounds.
(Total for question = 1 mark)

Q2.
Going down Group 2 from calcium to barium

   A    the first ionization energy of the element increases.

   B    the strength of the metallic bonding increases.

   C    the polarizing power of the 2+ ion decreases.

   D    the stability of the nitrate to heat decreases.

(Total for Question = 1 mark)

Q3.
 
When steam is passed over heated magnesium, which of the following occurs?

   A    Mg + H2O → MgO + H2

   B    Mg + H2O → MgOH + ½H2

   C    Mg + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2 + H2

   D    There is no reaction with the magnesium.

 
(Total for question = 1 mark)

Q4.
1
 
Consider the following Group 2 compounds.

The solubility

   A    increases down the group for both hydroxides and sulfates.

   B    increases down the group for hydroxides but increases up the group for sulfates.

   C    increases up the group for hydroxides but increases down the group for sulfates.

   D    increases up the group for both hydroxides and sulfates.

 
(Total for question = 1 mark)
 Q8.
 
* A student suggested that the difference in the rates of reaction of strontium and barium with water is due
to the difference in the sum of their first and second ionisation energies. Discuss this suggestion.
(6)
st nd
Sr has a higher total 1 and 2 ionization energy than Ba, as it is above Ba in group 2. Ionisation
energies decrease down group 2 due to increased shielding as there is more energy levels with more
electrons, and a larger atomic radius due to having a larger distance between the valence electron and
the nucleus. Electrostatic forces weaken with distance, so a lower attraction means it’s easier to lose the
electrons. Thus, reactivity increases down the group, so Sr is less reactive than Ba.
Because Ba has a lower total 1st and 2nd ionization energy than Sr, less energy is required for it to lose it’s
2 valence electrons and therefore react. Thus, the rate of reaction would be faster.
The sum of the first and second ionization energy of Sr is higher than Ba, so it requires more energy to
remove the 2 valence electrons and start forming bonds and reacting.

.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................

2
 .............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
 
(Total for question = 6 marks)
 Q9.
(a)  (i)  An alkaline solution is produced when barium reacts with cold water. Write the equation for this
reaction, including all state symbols.
(2)

(ii)  The reaction in (a)(i) is a redox reaction. State the initial and final oxidation number of any element
that changes its oxidation number.
(2)
Barium changes from 0 to +2.
Hydrogen changes from +1 to 0.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................

(b)  Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to the solution produced in (a)(i). Write the equation for the reaction
which occurs. State symbols are not required.
(1)

(c)  Dilute sulfuric acid is added to another sample of the solution produced in (a)(i). How would the
appearance of the resulting mixture differ from the mixture produced in (b)? Explain this difference.
(2)
Appearance
White precipitate of barium sulphate

Explanation
The salt produced is BaSO4 , when barium hydroxide reacts with sulfuric
acid. ....................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................

(Total for Question = 7 marks)

3
4