ACTIVITY NO.

6
HYDROLYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES

INTRODUCTION:
Hydrolysis is the process where water is used to break long polysaccharide
chains into smaller chains or into simple carbohydrates.

BIOCHEMISTRY
Disaccharides can be hydrolyzed into two monosaccharaides units by the use o
an enzyme or acid. Sucrose is table sugar which yields glucose and fructose while
lactose gives glucose and galactose after hydrolysis.

Starch is a homopolysaccharide made up of d-glucose polymer. They are

reserved carbohydrates of plants. They are made of two types of polymers namely:

FOR CSM -
amylose (10-30%), no linear and has α 1,4 link and amylopectin (70-90%) is branched

WMSU USE
having the α 1,4 link and α 1,6 link.

ONLY
Objectives: At the end of the activity, you should be able to:
1. Predict the hydrolysis of carbohydrate (starch) and sucrose into its
monosaccharide units on the basis of the conditions needed.
2. Assume the products of hydrolysis using a seliwanoff’s and benedict’s
tests
Reagents:6 ml Benedict’s reagent, 3 ml Seliwanoff’s reagent, 1 ml Iodine in KI, 4 ml
3M HCl, 4 ml 3M NaOH, 30 ml distilled water, 0.5 g starch, 0.5 g sucrose
Materials: 12(20 ml Test tube), 250 ml beaker, water bath, alcohol lamp, tripod,
wire gauze, test tube rack, test tube brush, test tube holder, dropper,
stirring rod, 10 ml graduated cylinder, platform balance.

Procedure:
A. STARCH - weigh 0.5 g starch and dissolve in 6 ml distilled water. Mix well.
Divide the contents of the tube in 3 equal parts and label the tubes 1,2 and 3. To
tube 1, add 2 ml 3M HCl; to tubes 2 and 3 two ml water each. Heat tubes 1 & 2
in a boiling water bath for 30 minutes. Leave tube 3 at room temperature. After
30 minutes, remove the tubes and cool. To tube 1, add 2 ml 3M NaOH and to
tubes 2 & 3, two ml water each. Test each tube as follows:
1. Benedict’s test – place 1 ml benedict’s reagent in 3 separate tube and
label them tubes A, B, C. To tube A, add 5 drops of the solution in tube
1, to tube B 5 drops of the solution from tube 2 and to tube C, 5 drops
from the solution in tube 3. Heat all 3 tubes in a boiling water bath for 2
minutes. Compare the results of the 3 tubes.
2. Iodine test – to the remaining solution in tubes 1, 2, 3, add 1 drop iodine
in KI in each tube. Compare the results.

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 WMSU-ISMP-GU-002.00
Effective Date: 7-DEC-2016

B. SUCROSE – repeat the same procedure as in starch. Test each tube with
benedict’s test but instead of performing the iodine test, do Seliwanoff’s test.
Seliwanoff’s test - add 1 ml Seliwanoff’s reagent in 3 separate tube and label
A,B,C. To tube A, add 5 drops of the solution from tube 1, to tube B,,add 5
drops of the solution from tube 2 and to tube C, 10 drops of the solution from
tube 3. Heat all tubes in a boiling water bath for 3 minutes. Compare the result.

NOTE:

Research on the factors that is needed for acid hydrolysis to occur. Then
predict which of the three tubes will undergo hydrolysis. Write also the expected
results in the different test used. Answer the data sheet and question guide in the
manual.

FOR
WMSUCSM
ONLY -
USE

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 WMSU-ISMP-GU-002.00
Effective Date: 7-DEC-2016

FOR
WMSUCSM
ONLY -
USE