convolution crack showing the orange peel characteristics. Convolu iS Description: Found in nonferrous material. Location in Part: Surface. Characteristics/Appearance: Convolution cracks range from microfractures to open fissures. They are situated on the periphery of the convolutions and extend longitudinally in the direction of rolling. Metallurgical Analysis: The rough “orange peel” effect of convolution cracks is the result of either a forming operation that stretches the material or a chemical attack such as pickling treatment. The roughened surface contains small pits that form stress risers. Subsequent service applications (vibration and flexing) may introduce stresses that act on these pits and form fatigue cracks Cross section of a convolution crack ADDO Using RT to Detect Convolution Cracks Appearance Micrograph of convolution with partial cracking on si r