A Brief Review of the Operating System Linux

A BRIEF REVIEW ON LINUX

Presented by
Syeda Rabita Alam
Id:1821333042

Index:

Topic Page No

Abstract 2

Introduction 2

Parts Of Linux 2

Linux File System Architecture 3

Memoery And Process Management 3

Security 4

Advantages And Disadvantges 4

Conclusion 5

References 5-6
A Brief Review of the Operating System Linux

ABSTRACT

Operating System is the primary system software which is liable for the impeccable working of
the machine. Linux is the most popular and most-utilized open source operating system. As an
operating system, Linux is programming that sits under the entirety of the other programming on
a PC, accepting solicitations from those projects and transferring these solicitations to the PC's
equipment.Because of its adaptability, Linux has discovered its way into various specialties,
from inserted items to supercomputing workers. Ridiculous decade there has been a blast in the
quantity of Linux-based items that have had a significant effect in the IT space, including
Kubernetes, OpenStack, Open Daylight, Docker. Process and memory management, file system,
security and other topic will be discussed here.

Keywords: Linux, Process and memory management, file system.,Kubernetes, OpenStack,

Open Daylight, Docker

1.INTRODUCTION

A operating system (OS) is software program that oversees computer equipment, programming
assets, and offers basic types of assistance for computer programs.The OS assists you with
speaking with the PC without realizing how to communicate in the coding languages'. It isn't
workable for the client to utilize any PC or cell phone without having aoperating
system.Operating systems were first evolved in the last part of the 1950s to oversee tape storage
and first Linux was introduced in 1991.Linux is a UNIX operating system work-alike that was
written from first principles. [1]

2.PARTS OF LINUX

The Linux operating system comprises several different pieces:

Bootloader– The software that manages the boot process of your computer.
A Brief Review of the Operating System Linux

Kernel – This is the one piece of the whole that is actually called Linux. The kernel is the core
of the system and manages the CPU, memory, and peripheral devices. The kernel is the lowest
level of the OS.

Init system –. It is the init system that manages the boot process, once the initial booting is
handed over from the bootloader (i.e., GRUB or GRand Unified Bootloader).

Daemons – These are background services (printing, sound, scheduling, etc.) that either start up
during boot or after you log into the desktop.

Graphical server – This is the sub-system that displays the graphics on your monitor. It is
commonly referred to as the X server or just X.

Applications – Desktop environments do not offer the full array of apps.

3. LINUX FILE SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Figure 1gives an overview of the DOS/Linux file system architecture. After matching a
pathname against the prefix cache, the remaining pathname is sent to the file system identified in
the cache. The file system traverses its directory structure, expanding symbolic links if necessary,
until the lookup terminates or the pathname leaves its domain. A symbolic link to an absolute
pathname is one way a pathname exit, and specifying the file system’s root directory is the other
way..[2]

Figure 1 File System Architecture

4. MEMOERY AND PROCESS MANAGEMENT

4.1 Memory Management

A Brief Review of the Operating System Linux

One of the most complex features of Linux operating system is its memory management. Unlike other
operating systems, the memory management in Linux is handled by the Linux Kernel .[3]There are mainly
two components of memory management. Virtual Memory: Virtual memory is mapped into the space
running processes’ address. Physical Memory: Physical memory deals with the memory management of
the system. It is responsible for allocating memory spaces to processes, and freeing block of pages.

4.2 Process Management

In Linux, there are mainly two types of processes. Foreground processes: These are interactive processes
which are started or executed by the user and cannot be initiated by the system itself. These processes
include taking input from the user and so on. Background processes: These are non-interactive
processes. Unlike foreground processes, they can be initiated by the system. Task of creation, scheduling,
termination and deadlock are manipulated by Process Management

5. SECURITY

Security is one of the major issue for users in operating system and Linux handle this in much
more easier way. Linux limits the user with their access control and applies multi level user
mode to secure the environment and its condition. Moreover, credential authentication is ensured
to prevent unauthorized access. In addition there is no virus-antivirus issue in Linux.

6. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTGES

6.1Advantages
● It ismore secure, stable and efficient and it is capable of bringing cutting-edge
technologiesto low-end machines.[4]
● Linux is very well secure as it is easy to detect bugs and fix whereas Windows has a huge
user base, so it becomes a target of hackers to attack windows system.
● Linux is very well secure as it is easy to detect bugs and fix whereas Windows has a huge
user base, so it becomes a target of hackers to attack windows system.
● Developer friendly with much more pre-installed powerful tools.
● It is much more customizable and portable.
6.2Disadvantages
A Brief Review of the Operating System Linux

● Linux is cooperatively less user friendly.

● Leaning how too use Linux can take a while.
● Hardware drivers are old and backdated for many hardware.
● Lake of games compatible on this platform.

7. CONCLUSION

Linux is the one of the powerful operating system ever invented because of its portability, easy
controlling and lightweight for the hardware. Despite windows being much more user friendly,
Linux still widely used on server computers and in corporate offices. For its various functionality
and pre-installed powerful tools its gaining popularity to computer science and software
engineers day by day.

REFERENCES

01Wiegand, J. (n.d.). The cooperative development of Linux. Proceedings Professional

Communication Conference The New Face of Technical Communication: People, Processes,
Products’. doi:10.1109/ipcc.1993.593896

02El Din Mahmoud, M. M., & El-Kadi, A. (n.d.). A DOS/Linux extensible file system.
Proceedings Second IEEE Symposium on Computer and Communications.
doi:10.1109/iscc.1997.616017

03 Li, R., Yang, N., & Ma, S. (2012). An Approach of Windows Memory Management
Simulation on Linux. 2012 Third World Congress on Software Engineering.
doi:10.1109/wcse.2012.34
A Brief Review of the Operating System Linux

4.D’Elia, M. G., &Paciello, V. (2011). Performance evaluation of LabView on Linux Ubuntu and
Window XP operating systems. 2011 19thTelecommunications Forum (TELFOR) Proceedings
of Papers. doi:10.1109/telfor.2011.6143840