QUEZON CITY POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

CHAPTER III

Research Design and Methodologies

Brief Introduction

This chapter is dedicated to the procedures decidedly utilized in the

conceptualization, development, testing and implementation of the proposed
project / system.

Software Methodologies

Requirements Analysis

System Design

Testing
Implementation

Maintenance

Figure 3.1 Modified Waterfall Approach Model

Throughout the project development after the researchers conducted

research regarding the proposed system, the proponents have decided to use
Modified Waterfall Model for the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), this
model benefited the proponents because it allows a return to a previous phase
for verification or validation, ideally confined to connecting steps. If errors or
problems are detected at any point during the process, the feedback system
assists previous phases in correcting the errors or problems.
Requirements Analysis
In this phase, the System Analyst or Project Manager gathers
specifications in this process, which are then reviewed by the project team or
researchers. The proponents collect all the software requirements through
discussion and researching articles to prove what was needed and more efficient
in a student’s life.
System Design
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In this phase, the researchers will start to develop the proposed system. It
includes the design; how the system would look like based on user requirements,
and the researchers/programmer would like to add personal design to make the
system more interactive and user friendly.
Testing
During this process, the system will be tested to see if it already meets the
requirements. If there is an issue with the framework, the developers can fix it
until it is fully functional. The benefits of using the modified waterfall approach
are that developers can go back to any step that needs to be fixed without having
to start from the beginning. The proponents will be having a seminar in the
Quezon City University (QCU) to teach the students on how to use the system
properly and they have an idea what is the proposed system all about.
Implementation
This phase will let the developers implement the finished system. It will
now launch in the university or it will now be handed to the client. Developers
should be sure that it meets the requirements of the client and have an assurance
that it will not fail from the first launch.
Maintenance
Maintenance is the backbone of system success. Maintenance will be
conducted once the system is deployed to our clients, to maintain good
performance all throughout the school year, maintenance will be done if the
clients make a request. The researchers will also conduct a yearly maintenance to
ensure their satisfaction.

Include here the Project Development, Conceptual Framework, SDLC, Data

Gathering Procedure (Interviews, Observation, Company Visit, Seminars,
Research, Consultations, Browsing Internet etc.….)

Visual Table of Content

HIPO CHART

HIPO model (short for hierarchical input process output model) is a

systems analysis design aid and documentation technique from the 1970s, used
for representing the modules of a system as a hierarchy and for documenting
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each module. ... The overall design of the system is documented using HIPO
charts or structure charts.

EX:

Context Diagram

The Context Diagram shows the system under consideration as a single high-
level process and then shows the relationship that the system has with other external
entities (systems, organizational groups, external data stores, etc.)

EX:

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Data Flow Diagram

A Data-Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical visualization of the

movement of data through an information system. DFDs are one of the three
essential components of the structured-systems analysis and design method
(SSADM). A DFD is process centric and depicts 4 main components.
Processes (circle)
External Entities (rectangle)
Data Stores (two horizontal, parallel lines or sometimes and ellipse)
Data Flows (curved or straight line with arrowhead indicating flow direction)

Ex:

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Use Case Diagram/UML

A use case diagram is a way to summarize details of a system and the users
within that system. It is generally shown as a graphic depiction of interactions among
different elements in a system. Use case diagrams will specify the events in a system and
how those events flow, however, use case diagram does not describe how those events are
implemented

A UML diagram is a diagram based on the UML (Unified Modeling Language)

with the purpose of visually representing a system along with its main actors, roles,
actions, artifacts or classes, in order to better understand, alter, maintain, or document
information about the system.

EX:

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Process/System Flowchart

A flowchart is simply a graphical representation of steps. It shows steps

in sequential order and is widely used in presenting the flow of algorithms,
workflow or processes. Typically, a flowchart shows the steps as boxes of
various kinds, and their order by connecting them with arrows

EX:

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Entity-Relationship Diagram

An Entity Relationship (ER) Diagram is a type of flowchart that

illustrates how “entities” such as people, objects or concepts relate to each other
within a system. ER Diagrams are most often used to design or debug relational
databases in the fields of software engineering, business information systems,
education and research. Also known as ERDs or ER Models, they use a defined
set of symbols such as rectangles, diamonds, ovals and connecting lines to
depict the interconnectedness of entities, relationships and their attributes. They
mirror grammatical structure, with entities as nouns and relationships as verbs

EX:

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