ENGLISH-VINGLISH INSTITUTE

BRILLIANT EASY GRAMMAR NOTES

POINT TO POINT RULES I EASY WAY OF EXPALANATION I PRACTICE SERIES

ADVANCE GRAMMAR PROGRAM

STUDENT’S NAME…………………………………………………..

0|Page ENGLISH-VINGLISH INSTITUTE, MODINAGARI7060681626

 ENGLISH-VINGLISH INSTITUTE
TOPIC-1 TENSES

Tenses
Tense expresses the time that an action occurs to the moment.

Types of tenses
Present Past Future

Sub-types of Tenses
1-Simple-It denotes Present, Past and future through informative sentences.
Ex: I am dancer, I was dance, I shall be dancer.

2-Indefinite-It denotes Present, Past and Future time in its simplest form.
Ex: I dance, I danced, I shall dance.

3-Continuous-It denotes that the events is still continuing and not yet completed.
Ex: I am playing, I was playing, I shall be playing.

4-Perfect-It denotes that the event is in completed state.

Ex: I have played, I had played, I shall have played.

5-Perfect Continuous-It shows that an action which was begun sometimes before, is still
continued.
EX:I have been reading, I had been reading, I shall have been reading.

Present tense
Simple/Present Indefinite Tense:
It shows that an action is happening right now, or happens regularly & to tell the thoughts,
state, condition and feelings of the current time. Just like : I feel tired, She looks beautiful.

It is used to denote following;

1-What is always and necessarily true/Universal truth/General truth.
Ex: The sun rises in the east.
Ex: The earth revolves around the Sun.
Ex: Honey is sweet.

2-What is permanent or Regular or repeated actions or habitual in life or character.

Ex: I take bath everyday.
Ex: My father gets up early in the morning.

1|Page ENGLISH-VINGLISH INSTITUTE, MODINAGARI7060681626

 ENGLISH-VINGLISH INSTITUTE
3-To Express a future event that is part of a fixed programme/Scheduled actions/Future
planned Actions; simple present & present indefinite is used instead of present Continuous, to
express an action which must happen in the near future.
Ex: Ravi goes to England next year.
Ex: The institute reopens in March.
Ex: The shop opens at 10 A.M.
Ex: The assembly bell rings at 7:30.
Ex: The PM leaves for America next week.

4-To introduce Quotations, proverbs.

Ex: Mahatma Gandhiji says” you must be the change you wish to see in the world.”
Ex: Keats says; A thing of beauty is a joy for ever.

5-In running commentaries on sports events on TV or RADIO.

Ex: Tendulkar strikes the ball.
Ex: The ball hits the net and she loses the point.

6-In exclamatory sentences beginning with Here and There, to express what is actually taking
place in the present.
Ex: Here comes the bus!
Ex: There goes she!

7- To tell about irregular works.

Ex: Earthquakes comes in Nepal oftenly.

8-To tell the facts.

Ex: A cow has four legs.

9-News paper Headlines, Although the news reported is already done but the Simple present is
used.
Ex: Sachin receives the Bharat Ratna.

10-To read or write a subordinate clause (of time or condition) when the main clause refers to
future. When there is description about any two future incidents then the second clause will be
in present indefinite which comes after IF, BEFORE, AFTER, WHEN, UNTIL, UNLESS, AS SOON
AS, IN CASE, TILL.
Ex: If he comes here, I will help him.
Subordinate Principal
Ex: Unless they labour hard, they will not get good marks.
Ex: As soon as I reach Patna, I will inform you.

2|Page ENGLISH-VINGLISH INSTITUTE, MODINAGARI7060681626

 ENGLISH-VINGLISH INSTITUTE
11-To show the possession.
Ex: This bike belongs to me.
Ex: I have a car.
Ex: He owns a big house.

12-In vivid narrative, as substitute for the simple past; To make live any past event of History.
Ex: Immediately the sultan hurries to his capital.
Ex: Sohrab now rushes toward and deals a heavy blow to Rustam.
Ex: At last; Ram kills Ravan.

13- Emphatic Use of ‘do/does’

Ex: Subject + do/does+ V1

Examples: She does drink, but not in public.

I do not to the gym, but only on Sundays.

14-Adverbs used in Present indefinite:

Always, Often, Frequently, Generally, Usually, Sometimes, Every day, Every week, Every
month, Daily, once a week/month/year, twice a week, Regularly, Seldom, never, Twice a day
/week/month/year, Hardly, scarcely, Occassionally, Rarely, Habitually.

15-Sentences framing formulas:

Positive: Subject+V1s,es+object
Negative: Subject+does/do +not+v1 +Object
Never: Subject+never+v1+s,es+Object
Single interrogative: Do/Does+Subject+V1+object?
Double Interrogative: Wh-words+Do/does+Subject+V1+Object?
Who: Who+v1s,es+Object?
Who+not Who+does/do+V1+Object?

3|Page ENGLISH-VINGLISH INSTITUTE, MODINAGARI7060681626

 ENGLISH-VINGLISH INSTITUTE

4|Page ENGLISH-VINGLISH INSTITUTE, MODINAGARI7060681626