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  • Biochem Lec Reviewer

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    ZULFHIKAR KAPUSAN
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    BIOCHEM-LEC-REVIEWER

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    14 views1 page

    Biochem Lec Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    ZULFHIKAR KAPUSAN

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 1

    PROTEINS 6.

    Phenylalanine
    7. Threonine
     Most abundant substance in cell next to
    8. Tryptophan
    water (15% of cell mass).
    9. Valine
     Typical human cell (9,000) and human
    body (100,000) proteins. 4 CATEGORIES ACCORDING TO SIDE CHAIN
     All proteins contain Carbon, Hydrogen, POLARITY
    Oxygen, Nitrogen and Sulfur.
    1. NON POLAR AMINO ACID- one (-NH2) &
     Protein is unbranched polymer,
    (-COOH) group + nonpolar side chain.
    monomer unit= Amino Acid.
    (Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leucine,
     Synthesis of enzymes, hormones, tissue
    Isoleucine, Proline, Phenylalanine,
    repair & energy.
    Methionine,Tryptophan)
     Presence of nitrogen (15.4%) sets them
    apart from lipids & carbohydrates. -Hydrophobic when in protein, found
     Casein- phosphorus (important for interior of proteins (less contact w/ H2O)
    infants); Hemoglobin-iron (O2
    -Nine non polar amino acid; Tryptophan
    transport).
    (water could H bond with NH ring).
    AMINO ACIDS- Building Blocks of Protein.
    -3 TYPES OF POLAR AMINO ACIDS, varying
     Amino acids contain both Amino degrees for water affinity.
    group(-H2N) and Carboxyl Group (-
    -Hydrophilic within protein, often on
    COOH)
    protein surface.
     a- amino acid= amino and carboxyl
    group attached to a-carbon. 2. POLAR NEUTRAL AMINO ACID- one (-
     R group =Side chains(distinguishes a- NH2) & (-COOH) group + polar but neutral
    amino acids from each other). side chain. Ph neither basic or acidic. 6
     Vary in size, charge, functional group, amino acids. (Serine, Cysteine, Threonine,
    hydrogen bonding & chemical Asparagine, Glutamine, Tyrosine)
    reactivity.
    -more soluble in water R group can H bond
    PROTEINS- is a chain of amino acids bond to one to H2O.
    another by peptide bonds.
    3. POLAR ACIDIC AMINO ACID- one (-NH2)
    NON ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS- can get and two (-COOH) group 2nd (-COOH) group
    from foods and can make ourselves. part of side chain. (Aspartic acid & Glutamic
    acid).
    1. Alanine
    2. Asparagine 4. POLAR BASIC AMINO ACID- two (-NH2) &
    3. Aspartic acid One (-COOH) group. (Histidine, Lysine,
    4. Glutamic acid Arginine).
    5. Serine

    CONDITIONALLY ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS


    -Healthy bodies can make them.
    –Can’t make in starvation or inborn error of
    metabolism.

    1. Arginine
    2. Cysteine
    3. Glutamine
    4. Glycine
    5. Proline
    6. Tyrosine

    ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS- Can ONLY get from


    food.

    1. Histidine
    2. Isoleucine
    3. Leucine
    4. Lysine
    5. Methionine

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