Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Introduction
2. Classification of composite materials
3. Factors affecting properties of composites
4. Advantages and limitations
5. Difference between Smart and composite materials
6. Civil engineering applications
7. Conclusions
8. References
INTRODUCTION
C/Cs are developed specifically for parts that must operate in extreme
temperature ranges. Composed of a carbon matrix reinforced with
carbon yarn fabric, 3-D woven fabric, 3-D braiding, etc.
C/C composites meet applications ranging from rockets to aerospace
because of their ability to maintain and even increase their structural
properties at extreme temperatures.
Advantages:
• Extremely high temperature resistance (1930°C – 2760°C).
• Strength actually increases at higher temperatures (up to 1930°C).
• High strength and stiffness.
• Good resistance to thermal shock.
FUNCTIONS OF A MATRIX
• Holds the fibers together.
• Protects the fibers from environment.
• Distributes the loads evenly between fibers so that all fibers are
subjected to the same amount of strain.
• Enhances transverse properties of a laminate.
• Improves impact and fracture resistance of a component.
• Carry inter laminar shear.
Random fiber (short fiber) reinforced composites Continuous fiber (long fiber) reinforced composites
LAMINAR COMPOSITES
Flake composites
FILLED COMPOSITES
Filled composites
Fillers may be the main ingredient or an additional one in a
composite. The filler particles may be irregular structures, or
have precise geometrical shapes like polyhedrons, short fibers or
spheres.
MICROSPHERES
Shape Size
ADVANTAGES
1.SMART CONCRETE
Unlike conventional concrete, the smart concrete has higher
potential and enhanced strength. Smart concrete can be prepared by adding
carbon fibers for use in electromagnetic shielding and for enhanced electrical
conductivity of concrete.
Smart concrete under loading and unloading process will loose
and regain its conductivity, thus serving as a structural material as well as a
sensor. Smart concrete plays a vital role in the construction of road pavements
as a traffic-sensing recorder, and also melts ice on highways and airfields
during snowfall in winter season by passing low voltage current through it.
2.REHABILITATION AND RETROFIT
In these cases the materials are usually bonded externally to the
structure in the form of tows (fiber bundles), fabrics, plates, stirrups and
jackets. The advantages offered by composites in these forms include their
ability to bond well to many substrate materials and to follow complex shapes
CIVIL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
4. ROAD BRIDGES
The Fiber-line Bridge, Kolding, Denmark
was designed by the Danish engineering
Company, Ramboll using the pultruded
profiles. The 40-m (131-ft.) long, 3-m (9.8-ft.)
wide crossing carries pedestrians, bicycles and
motorbikes over a previously dangerous set of railroad tracks.
Aberfeldy footbridge-uk
FAILURE MODES OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
• Delamination
• Matrix tensile failure
• Matrix compression failure
• Fiber tensile failure
• Fiber compression failure
INTRODUCTION TO COMPOSITE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uO8EMAUh1po