CHAPTER 1:

SYNONYM
1. What the witness said in court was inconsistent with the statement he made to the
police.

A. in agreement with B. relevant to

C. in conflict with D. based on

If two statements, etc. are inconsistent, or one is inconsistent with the other, they cannot
both be true because they give the facts in a different way.

Inconsistent with = in conflict with = mâu thuẫn, không ăn khớp

2. More than 100 people have been killed this year in sporadic outbursts of ethnic
violence.

A. occasional B. harmonious C. neutral D. regular

sporadic: happening only occasionally or at intervals that are not regular

sporadic = occasional = thỉnh thoảng

3. The government has placed tight constraints on spending this year.

A. burdens B. restrictions C. effects D. policies

constraint = restriction = hạn chế

4. The emphasis on testing leads to greater stress among students and carries
implications of failure.

A. causes B. determinants C. consequences D. considerations

implication = consequence = hậu quả

5. This politician tried to cheat the people into the belief that he would work for public
welfare.

A. equality B. security C. assistance D. well-being

welfare = well-being = general health and happiness = phúc lợi

6. Throughout the day, repeal supporters argued that the ban on some types of weapons is
arbitrary and unconstitutional.

A. sensible B. rational C. reasonable D. preposterous

arbitrary = preposterous = irrational = unreasonable = senseless = vô lý, không công bằng

7. Many computers have a further field in the instruction, to specify subsidiary

information required by an operation.

A. important B. confidential C. technical D. additional

subsidiary = additional = phụ, không quan trọng

8. We welcome the government's initiative to help the homeless.

A. plan B. willingness C. enthusiasm D. readiness

initiative = plan = kế hoạch, sáng kiến

9. His theory provides a remarkable insight into the nature of the British constitution.

A. disregard for B. concern about C. sympathy for D. understanding of

insight into = understanding of = cái nhìn sâu sắc về

10. Before her death in 1977, Alice Paul helped orchestrate enormous changes in the
rights and status of American women.

A. far-fetched B. far-flung C. far-reaching D. far-sighted

enormous/far-reaching changes: sự thay đổi đáng kể, sâu rộng

far-fetched = khó tin; far-flung = xa xôi; far-sighted = nhìn xa trông rộng

11. Bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses whose fares have
increased 5 times in the past 3 years.

A. lavish B. efficient C. valueless D. pricey

efficient = economical: hiệu quả (về mặt tài chính), tiết kiệm

lavish = xa hoa; valueless = vô giá trị; pricey = đắt đỏ

12. The university's exchange scheme for teachers has cemented its links with many other
academic institutions.
A. programme B. opportunity C. scholarship D. framework

scheme = programme = chương trình, kế hoạch

CHAPTER 2:

ANTONYM
1. Autosuggestive techniques can help in the treatment of diseases which cannot be cured
by conventional medicine.

A. ordinary B. popular C. essential D. alternative

conventional: using the usual scientific methods of Western medicine such as artificial
drugs and operations (tây y)

alternative medicine: any type of treatment that does not use the usual scientific methods
of Western medicine, for example one using plants instead of artificial drugs

2. John received constant physical and psychological abuse from his father.

A. repeatedly B. brutal C. potent D. irregular

constant # irregular: thường xuyên # không thường xuyên

3. The use of violence and the level of repression have a direct bearing on movement
outcomes.

A. upshots B. results C. origins D. sequels

outcome: kết quả # origin: nguồn gốc, nguyên nhân

4. The child's parents or guardians must give their consent before she has the operation.

A. permission B. sanction C. compliance D. rejection

consent: sự đồng ý # rejection: sự từ chối

5. Friendly contacts between different peoples facilitate the cultural and economic
interchange.

A. hinder B. promote C. simplify D. expedite

facilitate: tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho # hinder: cản trở

6. His writing is so diffuse and obscure that it is difficult to make out what it is he is
trying to say.

A. ambiguous B. vague C. straightforward D. enigmatic

obscure: difficult to understand # straightforward: easy to understand

7. Resources are finite, and choices have to be made between competing priorities and
needs.

A. scant B. limited C. deficient D. endless

finite: có giới hạn # endless: vô tận

8. We offer you a comprehensive training in all aspects of the business.

A. extensive B. restricted C. thorough D. exhaustive

comprehensive: toàn diện # restricted: bị giới hạn

9. The legislature passed a law to prohibit the dumping of nuclear waste.

A. forbid B. impede C. outlaw D. approve

prohibit: cấm # approve: chấp thuận

10. This agreement is very ambiguous and open to various interpretations.

A. vague B. obscure C. obvious D. complex

ambiguous : mập mờ # obvious: rõ ràng

11. The renewal licence will commence on the date your application is received in the
Driver Licensing Central Office.

A. expire B. begin C. extend D. remain

commence: bắt đầu, có hiệu lực # expire: hết hạn

12. Inflation is likely to accelerate this year, adding further upward pressure on interest
rates.

A. soar B. rise C. drop D. boost

accelerate: tăng # drop: giảm

13. Bonus or incentive pay will fluctuate based upon company, division, or group
performance.

A. escalate B. remain C. skyrocket D. vary

fluctuate: dao động # remain: không đổi

CHAPTER 3:

GUIDED CLOZE
Exercise 1.

Communication is extremely important in the business 1.___________. It is likely that in

this context both informal and formal styles will be used. If we take the example of
meetings, we might say that they are often 2.___________ in quite a relaxed way, with
participants using first names and informal language. 3.___________, as soon as the
meeting is official, careful records, called minutes, will be kept, following a
predetermined format 4.___________ is standard across many business situations.
Layout is one aspect of a formal style. Content will also be 5.___________ to some
extent by the level of formality.

1. A. order B. world C. scope D. field

2. A. conducted B. managed C. regulated D. governed

3. A. Furthermore B. Likewise C. However D. Despite

4. A. which B. who C. whom D. what

5. A. prescribed B. composed C. dictated D. disclosed

1. Business world mang tính bao quát ám chỉ tất cả các khía cạnh lên quan đến thương
mại. Business order không đi cùng với nhau. Business scope là phạm vi kinh doanh (lĩnh
vực kinh doanh, địa điểm kinh doanh, phương thức kinh doanh…) Business field là ám
chỉ lĩnh vực kinh doanh cụ thể nào đó (điện tử, dược, thực phẩm…) Ở đây cần một từ bao
quát về thương mại nói chung, tức là việc giao tiếp rất quan trọng đối với thương mại,
chọn B.

2. Conduct (meetings) mang nghĩa là tổ chức cuộc họp, những từ còn lại không phù hợp
về nghĩa, manage (quản lý tổ chức, tập thể), regulate (quản lý bằng pháp luật, quy định)
và govern (quản lý quốc gia, người dân), chọn A.
3. However mang nghĩa là tuy nhiên, diễn ta sự tương phản giữa cách tổ chức 1 cuộc họp
thông thường và 1 cuộc họp trang trọng (formal), chọn C.

4. Đại từ quan hệ which làm rõ nghĩa cho format (sự vật, sự việc).

5. dictate (ghi chép nội dung), những từ còn lại không hợp trong bối cảnh này, prescribe
(kê toa thuốc), compose (biên soạn), disclose (tiết lộ).

CHAPTER 4:

SENTENCE
TRANSFORMATION
1, Everyone thought that Jenny winning the game was a foregone conclusion, but she
lost.
A. Nobody expected that Jenny would lose the game, and their expectation was
proven true. 
B. Against all expectations, Jenny got defeated in the game. 
C. Jenny lost the game, which matched the expected outcome. 
D. Jenny was thought to stand no chance of winning the game, which turned out to
be false. 

2, Knowing that Kien and Phuong had prepared enough food to go round, I decided not to
buy more.
A. I need not have purchased more food as Kien and Phuong had prepared enough
for all people. 
B. I bought some food,  fearing that Kien and Phuong hadn’t prepared enough
dishes.
C. I didn’t need to buy more food, but I still purchased some.
D. Bearing in mind that sufficient food had been prepared for all people by Kien
and Phuong, I didn’t purchase more.

3, At the time of his death in 1870 he was a wealthy man, in contrast to the poverty of his
early days. 
A. Although he was affluent during his childhood and adolescence, he was destitute
for the rest of his life. 
B. Despite of his poverty during his early days, by the time of his death in 1870, he
had become a wealthy man. 
C. In 1870, he became an affluent man and remained so for the rest of his lifetime.
D. When he passed away in 1870, he was an affluent man, contrary to his poverty
when he was young.