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Structural Steel Design For Steel Intensive


Quarantine Center Building For COVID - 2020
[National Award Competition (INSDAG) 2020-21]

PARTICIPANTS

DNYANESHWAR GAWAI SHUBHAM UGALE

RAHUL MORE DHIRAJ CHAVAN

GUIDED BY – PROF.S.B.KOLHE

STUDENTS OF - AMRUTVAHINI COLLEGE OF ENGGINERING, SANGAMNER

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ABSTRACT
The purpose of structure is to provide quarantine facilities as per the guidelines of
the Government of India during the current COVID -19 outbreak in order to avoid
spread of corona virus. The structure is proposed to be located in Kolkata West
Bengal in the area of 50mx35m, as per the structural requirements.

Initially, to know more about the quarantine center that we needed to design,
we conducted a visit in the vicinity of Nashik City to get actual idea of quarantine
center as they were not yet constructed before. We visited quarantine center near
Shivaji Nagar area , which was constructed for patients coming from the rural areas
and the northern part of city .This visit helped us immensely to understand the
various aspects of the required design including the different units, provision of
labs, sanitary system ,storage and space requirements in order to keep safe
distance .We also understood about some necessary concept which are required
to construct economical structure within the specified requirement with faster
construction facility. With this the first phase of the project, which involved
architectural design coupled with proper structural arrangement, got completed.
As a result, the form and layout of the building were set.

The second phase of the project involved the working drawing and the
structural design of quarantine center. The procedure was carried out considering
general guidelines given by INSDAG. The architectural drawings were prepared in
AUTOCAD and structures were analyzed and design in STAAD to arrive at an
optimum section. Manual design and assumptions in design were mentioned
separately.

Finally, a bill of materials was prepared for the proposed structure after
calculating the total quantity of materials and considering prevailing market rates.

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Table of Content
ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION

Chapter 2: PLANNING CONSIDERATON

Chapter 3: GENERAL GUIDELINES BY INSDAG

Chapter 4: PROBLEM FORMULATION


4.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

4.1.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

4.2 SPECIFICATIONS

4.3 DEAD LOAD

4.4 LIVE LOAD

4.5 WIND LOAD

4.6 TEMPERATURE LOAD

4.7 EARTHQUAKE LOAD

4.8 LOAD COMBINATIONS

4.8.1 LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR LIMIT STATE OF SERVICEABILITY

4.8.2 LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR LIMIT STATE OF STRENGTH

Chapter 5: MEMBERS USED FOR TRUSS

Chapter 6: CONSTRUCTION NOTES


6.1 AREA STATEMENT

6.2 SCHEDULE OF OPENING


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Chapter 7: 3D – RENDERING VIEW

Chapter 8: DESIGN AND CONNECTIONS


8.1 TOP CHORD MEMBER

8.2 BOTTOM CHORD MEMBER

8.3 VERTICAL CHORD MEMBER

8.4 INCLINED CHORD MEMBER

8.5 DESIGN OF COLUMN

8.5.1 DESIGN OF CENTER COLUMN

8.5.2 DESIGN OF SIDE COLUMN

8.6 3D – VIEW OF CONNECTIONC

Chapter 9: DESIGN OF FOOTING


9.1 DESIGN PARAMETER

Chapter 10: FOOTING DETAILS


10.1 DEPTH OF FOOTING FROM B. M. CONSIDERATION

10.2 CHECK FOR ONE WAY SHEAR FOR BENDING ABOUT Y – AXIS

10.3 CHECK FOR ONE WAY SHEAR FOR BENDING ABOUT X – AXIS

10.4 FINAL FOOTING SIZE

Chapter 11: DESIGN OF MIX PROPORTION


11.1 CALCULATION OF CONCRETE, CEMENT, SAND AND AGGREGATES IN
COLUMN

11.2 CALCULATION OF CONCRETE, CEMENT, SAND AND AGGREGATES IN


FOOTING

11.3 CALCULATION OF CONCRETE, CEMENT, SAND AND AGGREGATE IN PCC

11.4N TOTAL QUANTITY OF CEMENT, SAND AND AGGREGATES FOR ENTIRE


STRUCTURE

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11.5 REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED IN COLUMN

11.6 REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED IN FOOTING

Chapter 12: BILLING OF MATERIAL


12.1 STEEL MATERIAL

12.2 OTHER MATERIAL

Chapter 13: TIME FOR CONSTRUCTION

Chapter 14: REFERENCES

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1. INTRODUCTION
India is the second most populous country with population 1,352,642,280 in
2018 as per UN data and seventh largest country on account of area. There are
greater inequalities in health between states. Therefore in this pandemic it is very
important to control spread of covid-19 in such populous nation. To avoid this,
large quarantine centers are developed across the country.

The quarantine center should be well protected and secured preferably away
from the peoples reach, crowded and populated area. The center must be
equipped with facilities such as lighting, well ventilation, sanitation services etc. In
order to prevent and control infection within the center strategic points in
quarantine center needs to be identified which includes emergency entry and exit
points. Special map of the center needs to be prepared to outline the details of
movement of health care and the personnel around the quarantine area.

As per the guidelines given for quarantine center and the requirements of the
client, the structure is design taking all considerations along with required medical
facilities in given area. All components have been designed according to Indian
Standards.

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2. Planning consideration for quarantine center building for COVID-19


While planning quarantine center our objective was as follows:

• All components of center should be planned in accordance with the given


space.
• To fulfill physical infrastructure services requirement at quarantine center.
• Procedure for medical monitoring of contacts and reporting formats.
• To control infection by maintaining hygienic environment.
• To provide properly covered bins as per BMW.
• Economic construction work.
• To minimize the use of power/electricity and optimize the efficiency of the
center.
• To meet all the architectural requirement.
• Access consideration:
• Parking space including ambulances etc.
• Ease of access for delivery of food /medical/other supplies.
• Each bed to be separated 1-2 meter apart from all sides.

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3. GENERAL GUIDELINES BY INSDAG

• Items designed in accordance with design scope, should be checked for axial,
bending, bearing stresses etc. as applicable. Equivalent stresses and any
other stresses necessitated by the relevant codes should also be calculated.
• Deflection calculated should be within stipulations given in relevant IS code.
• For designing of Base plates and Foundation Bolts, grade of concrete to be
considered as mentioned above For foundation design consider safe bearing
capacity as 200 kN/m2 at 3 m from G.L. No tension in bearing pressure due
to uplift for DL + WL condition is allowable.
• While selecting the steel sections for use, please refer INSDAG website or
any manufacturer’s website for availability.
• Area of quarantine center = 50mx35m
• Minimum eaves height = 7m
• Roof structure, to be covered with colour coated steel sheet.
• Building type, naturally ventilated
• Minimum spacing of internal column = 6m

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4. PROBLEM FORMULATION

4.1 DESIGN CONSIDERATION

4.1.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

• Steel design as per IS 800 – 2007


• Concrete design as per IS 456 – 2000
• Design loads as per IS 875 (Part 1 to 4)
• Earthquake loads as per IS 1893 (Part 1) – 2016
• Support condition are assume to be fixed
• Temperature variation of 15 o C as to be considered

4.2 SPECIFICATION

• Span = 35m
• Rise = 4m
• Spacing = 6.25m
• STADD PRO Software is used for analysis of the structure

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4.3 DEAD LOAD: ........................ IS 875 part-1 PN 5


• Self-weight of truss: self-weight provided by STAAD-PRO software.

• Self-weight of Purlin: 100 N/m


• Self-weight of bracings: 10N/m2
• Self-weight of roofing sheet: 100 N/m2

4.4 LIVE LOAD: ……………………….as per IS 875 Part 2- 1987

• Considering access is not provided on roof


• Live load on roof = 500 N/m2

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4.5 WIND LOAD: ……IS 875 – Part 3 (2015)

• Basic wind speed (Vz): …ANNEX-A, Clause 6.2, PN.51


Vz = 50 m/s .…For Height at 10 m above m.s.l.
• Risk coefficient factor (K1) : …Table 1, Clause 6.3.1, PN.7
K1 = 0.7 ....Temporary Structure For 5 Years
• Variation of Wind Speed with height multiplying factor (k2):
....Table 2,Clause 6.3.2.2,PN.8
K2 = 0.916 ..for Terrain Category 3 and height of 10.5m

• Topography Factor (k3): ….....Clause 6.3.3.1, PN.8


K3 =1 …….Assuming upwind slope less than 30
• Importance factor for cyclonic region(k4):
K4 =1.3 ..…Structure of Post Cyclone Importance
and belongs to the East Coastal Region

• Wind Directionality Factor (Kd): … Clause7.2.1, PN9


Kd = 0.9 ….Rectangular Form of Structure
• Area Averaging Factor (Ka) ……Table4,Clause7.2.2, PN10
Ka = 0.8 ………………… For Columns
Ka = 0.8 ………………… For Roof
Ka = 1 ..……………… For Purlin
Ka = 0.858 ……………… For Walls

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• Combination Factor (Kc) =0.9 …..…. Clause7.3.3.13, PN16


Kc = 0.9 …For Taking Combined Effects of
Wind Load on Frames

4.6 TEMPERATURE LOAD:


• Temperature loads developed due to axial expansion and contraction of
members by temperature variation of 150C are considered and taken in the
analysis of structure by STAADPRO Software. (for the effect of temperature
supports are considered as pinned supports)
4.7 EARTHQUAKE LOAD: …..IS 1893 part 1(2016)

• Seismic zone of India against location Kolkata:


Seismic zone = zone IV …...From Fig.1 PN.11
• Seismic zone factor (z): ........ ……From Table3 PN 10
Z = 0.24
• Importance Factor (I): ...... Table 8 PN 19
I = 1.5
• Damping Factor (Sa/g): .............Cl.7.2.4 PN.19
DF = 5%
• Response Reduction factor: ……Table 9 PN.20
RRF = 5.0
• For calculation of design seismic forces on buildings, imposed load on roofs
are not considers.
• But weights of permanent structure have to be considered for the calculation
of member weights.
• For the consideration of percentage of impose loads to be considered in
calculation of seismic weights
• i.e. Full DL + %of IL ……Cl 7.3.1 and Cl 7.3.2
• AS LL on floor = 0.5 kN/m > 3.0 kN/m2
2

• % of imposed load = 25% …..Table 10 PN.20


• Load Combinations …….…IS 800 2007 and IS 875 part 5 1987

4.8.1 LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR LIMIT STATE OF


SERVICEABILITY:
• 101 (DL+LL)
• 102 (DL+EQX)

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• 103 (DL-EQX)
• 104 (DL+EQZ)
• 105 (DL-EQZ)
• 106 (DL+0.8LL+0.8EQX)
• 107 (DL+0.8LL-0.8EQX)
• 108 (DL+0.8LL+0.8EQZ)
• 109 (DL+0.8LL-0.8EQZ)
• 110 (DL+WL+X)
• 111 (DL+WL-X)
• 112 (DL+WL+Z)
• 113 (DL+WL-Z)
• 114 (DL+0.8LL+0.8WL+X)
• 115 (DL+0.8LL+0.8WL-X)
• 116 (DL+0.8LL+0.8WL+Z)
• 117 (DL+0.8LL+0.8WL-Z)

4.8.2 LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR LIMIT STATE OF STRENGTH:


• 201 1.5(DL+LL)
• 202 1.5(DL+EQX)
• 203 1.5(DL-EQX)
• 204 1.5(DL+EQZ)
• 205 1.5(DL-EQZ)
• 206 1.2(DL+LL+EQX)
• 207 1.2(DL+LL-EQX)
• 208 1.2(DL+LL+EQZ)
• 209 1.2(DL+LL-EQZ)
• 210 (0.9DL+1.5EQX)
• 211 (0.9DL-1.5EQX)
• 212 (0.9DL+1.5EQZ)
• 213 (0.9DL-1.5EQZ)
• 214 (DL+WL+X)
• 215 (DL+WL-X)
• 216 (DL+WL+Z)
• 217 (DL+WL-Z)
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• 218 1.2(DL+LL+WL+X)
• 219 1.2(DL+LL+WL-X)
• 220 1.2(DL+LL+WL+Z)
• 221 1.2(DL+LL+WL-Z)
• 222 (0.9DL+1.5WL+X)
• 223 (0.9DL+1.5WL-X)
• 224 (0.9DL+1.5WL+Z)
• 225 (0.9DL+1.5WL-Z)

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5. MEMBERS USED FOR TRUSS


STEEL TAKE-OFF

PROFILE LENGTH (METER) WEIGHT(KN)

• ST 220X220X5.0SHS 176.00 57.272


• ST 80X80X3.2SHS 627.13 46.104
• ST 250X250X6.0SHS 76.50 33.867
• ST 172X92X4.8RHS 900.31 164.812
• ST 122X61X5.4RHS 1100.00 150.835
• ST 132X132X4.8SHS 123.83 22.669
----------------
TOTAL = 475.55

NOTE- SHS = SQUARE HOLLOW SECTION

RHS = RECTANGULAR HOLLOW SECTION

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6. CONSTRUCTION NOTES
Structure : Steel structure

Plinth : Height of plinth 600mm from GL

Partition :Portable partition wall

Roof: JSW Metal sheet

Emergency Exit =3.20X2.75 2No.s

Main entrance =2.85X2.75 3No.s

6.1 AREA STATEMENT


PLOT AREA =1750m2

PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION AREA=2700m2

FSI=2700/1750 = 0.64

6.2 SCHEDULE OF OPENING

Sr.No Symbols Size No.s Description


1 W 0.9X1 10 Sliding window
2 W1 1.2X1 24 Sliding window
3 D 1.2X2.1 13 Panelled door
5 D1 0.75X2.1 24 Panelled door
6 V 0.3X0.75 26 Horizontal Pivoted

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7. 3D – RENDERING VIEW OF ENTIRE STRUCTURE

3D- RENDERING VIEW

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8. DESIGN AND CONNECTIONS


8.1 TOP CHORD MEMBER

• SIZE 172X92X6
• PROVIDED WITH WEELD LENGTH 160 MM

8.2 BOTTOM CHORD MEMBER

• SIZE 172X92X6
• PROVIDED WITH WELD LENGTH 110MM

8.3 VERTICLE MEMBER

• SIZE 80X80X3.2
• PROVIDED WITH WELD LENGTH 40MM

8.4 INCLINE MEMBER

• SIZE 80X80X3.2
• PROVIDED WITH WELD LENGTH 80MM

8.5 DESIGN OF COLUMN

8.5.1 DESIGN OF CENTER COLUMN

• SIZE 250X250X6
• PROVIDED WITH WELD LENGTH 800MM

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8.5.2 DESIGN OF SIDE COLUMN

• SIZE 220X220X5
• PROVIDED WITH WELD LENGTH 800MM

NOTE – Design calculation of top chord member, bottom chord member,


verticle member, incline member, purlin and plan bracing along with required
check are provided in excel sheet.

8.6 3D-VIEW OF CONNECTION

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9. DESIGN OF FOOTING

9.1 DESIGN PARAMETER


• Strength of concrete : 25N/mm2
• Yield strength of concrete :415N/ mm2
• Footing clear cover :100mm
• Unit weight :18KN/ mm2
• SBC : 200KN/ mm2

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10. FOOTING DETAILS

Footing Column PCC From Footing To P.L


Nos Nos (1:4:8) FOOTING DETAILS

Size D d Rein .at Top.B.W Rein .at SIZE BARS


Bottom.B.W
F1 CP1 TO 1200×1200 1000×1000 350 345 8Y@225 mm C/C 10Y100 mm 300×300 12TOR8 NO
CP27 mm mm mm mm C/C mm

10.1 DEPTH OF FOOTING FROM BM CONSIDERATION

Ultimate moment at column face parallel to X-axis

Mux = wu× Bf×Cx²/2

Mux =20 kNm


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Width of footing at top b1 = b + 2e

Bf = 1200 mm

Required effective depth for bending about x- axis

dX = √Mux/(Rumax*Bf)
dX = 79.00758 mm
Ultimate moment at column face parallel to Y-axis

Muy = wu* Lf*Cx²/2


Muy = 20 kNm

Required effective depth for bending about y- axis


Length of footing at top D1 = Lf = 1200 mm

dy = √Muy/(Rumax×Lf)

dy = 79.00758 mm

Provide Df =350 mm

Df min = 350 mm
Effective cover for bottom steel = d'x = 60 mm
Effective depth for bending about x-axis = dx = 290 mm

Assuming diameter of bar of 10mm, effective depth about y-axis


d'y =70 70 mm

dy = 280 mm

10.2 CHECK FOR ONE WAY SHEAR FOR BENDING ABOUT Y AXIS
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Area of footing at critical section

Ay = Lf × dy

Ay =336000 mm2

percentage of steel Pty = 0.19 %

Design shear stress from table

τucy= 0.318 N/mm2

Shear resisted by concrete = 106.8 kN

Design shear = wu*Lf*(Cy - dy) = 30.00 kN

Vucy > Vudy Safe

10.3 CHECK FOR ONE WAY SHEAR FOR BENDING ABOUT X AXIS

Area of footing at critical section

Ax = Bf* dx

Ax = 348000 mm2

percentage of steel Ptx = 0.18 %

Design shear stress from table

τucx= 0.311 N/mm2

Shear resisted by concrete = 108.2 kN

Design shear = wu*Lf*(Cy - dy) = 27.50 kN

Vucx > Vudx Safe


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10.4 FINAL FOOTING SIZE :


• Length : 1.4m
• Width :1.4m
• Depth :0.350m
• Area : 1.96 m2

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11. DESIGN OF MIX PROPORTION

11.1 CALCULATION OF CONCRETE ,CEMENT , SAND , AND AGGREGATE


IN COLUMN
▪ Volume of concrete = 0.4×0.4×2.6
=0.416m3
Dry volume increases by 54%
Dry volume of concrete =1.54×0.416
=0.640m3
We adopt M25 grade of concrete of mix proportion 1:1:2
Quantity of cement in m3=1/4×0.640
=0.16m3
Quantity of cement in Kg=0.16×1440
=230.4
No of bags required for 1 column =230.4/50=4.6=5
Total no of bags required for 27 column=135bags
Quantity of sand =1/4×0.640
=0.16m3
Quantity of sand in cubic feet =0.16×35.31
=5.64CFt
Quantity of aggregate =2/4×0.64
=0.32m3
Quantity of aggregate in cubic feet=0.32×35.31
=11.29CFt

11.2 CALCULATION OF CONCRETE ,CEMENT ,SAND ,AND AGGREGATE


FOR FOOTING
▪ Volume of concrete footing = 0.4×1.2×1.2
=0.576m3
Dry volume increases by 54%
Dry volume of concrete =1.54×0.576
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=0.887m3
We adopt M25 grade of concrete of mix proportion 1:1:2
Quantity of cement in m3=1/4×0.887
=0.221m3
Quantity of cement in Kg=0.221×1440
=319.31Kg
No of bags required for 1 footing=319.31/50=6.38=7
Total no of bags required for 27 column=189bags
Quantity of sand =1/4×0.887
=0.221m3
Quantity of sand in cubic feet =0.221×35.31
=7.80CFt
Quantity of aggregate =2/4×0.887
=0.4435m3
Quantity of aggregate in cubic feet=0.4435×35.31
=15.65CFt

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11.3 CALCULATION OF CONCRETE ,CEMENT,SAND AND AGGREGATE


FOR PCC
• Volume of concrete For PCC= 1.4×1.4×0.075
=0.147m3
Dry volume increases by 54%
Dry volume of concrete =1.54×0.147
=0.226m3
We adopt M7.5 grade of concrete of mix proportion 1:4:8
Quantity of cement in m3=1/13×0.226
=0.0173m3
Quantity of cement in Kg=0.0.173×1440
=25.03Kg
No of bags required for 1 PCC=25.03/50=0.5
Total no of bags required for 27 column=0.5×27=14bags
Quantity of sand =4/13×0.226
=0.0695m3
Quantity of sand in cubic feet =0.0659×35.31
=2.45CFt
Quantity of aggregate =8/13×0.226
=0.139m3
Quantity of aggregate in cubic feet=0.139×35.31
=4.91CFt

11.4 TOTAL QUANTITY OF CEMENT, SAND AND AGGREGATES FOR


ENTIRE STRUCTURE
Total quantity of cement required = 338 bags

For entire structure

Total quantity of sand required = 5.64×27+7.8×27+2.45×27

For entire structure = 429.03 CFt

Total quantity of aggregate = 11.29×27+15.65×27+4.91×27

required for entire structure = 859.95CFt

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11.5 REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED IN COLUMN


Volume of reinforcement in column = 2.5% volume of concrete

Volume of concrete in column =0.4×0.4×3

=0.48m3

Volume of reinforcement in column = 2.5/100×0.48

=0.012m3

Volume of reinforcement in Kg =0.012×7850

=94.2 Kg

Reinforcement in column for entire structure =94.2×27

=2543.4Kg

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11.6 REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED IN FOOTING


Volume of reinforcement in footing = 2.5% volume of concrete

Volume of concrete in footing =0.4×1.2×1.2

=0.576m3

Volume of reinforcement in column = 2.5/100×0.576

=0.0144m3

Volume of reinforcement in Kg =0.0144×7850

=113.04 Kg

Reinforcement in footing for entire structure =113.04×27

=3052.08Kg

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12. BILL OF MATERIAL

12.1 STEEL MATERIAL

PROFILE SECTION LENGTH in m Weight in KN


SHS 220x220x5 176.00 57.272
SHS 80x80x3.2 627.13 46.104
SHS 250x250x6 76.50 33.867
RHS 172x92x4.8 900.00 164.812
RHS 122x61x3.6 1100.00 150.835
SHS 132x132x4.8 123.83 22.669
TOTAL : 475.55
Average cost per metric tonne=Rs.57,000/-

Total cost of 47.55tonnes =47.55x57,000

=Rs.27,07,500/-

Adding 20%connection cost (inclusive of fabrication cost,

Erection cost ,cost of enamel paint and wastage)

Total cost of steel =Rs.32,49,000/-

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12.2 OTHER MATERIALS

SR.NO ITEM DESCRIPTION QUANTITY UNIT RATE TOTAL


In INR
1 FOUNDATION CEMENT 135 BAGS 350 47250
SAND 0.67 Brass 6250 4187
AGGREGATE 3.04 Brass 1500 4560
REINFORCEMENT 3052.08 Kg 54 1,64,812
2 COLUMN CEMENT 189 BAGS 350 66150
SAND 2.1 Brass 6250 13125
AGGREGATE 4.22 Brass 1500 6330
REINFORCEMENT 2543.4 Kg 54 1,37,343
3 FOOTING CEMENT 14 BAGS 350 4900
SAND 0.66 Brass 6250 4125
AGGREGATE 1.32 Brass 1500 1980
4 BEDS PREFABRICATED 140 1 Per 950 1,33,000
CARDBOARD Person
5 ROOF SHEET GALVANISED METAL 1756 M2 1700 29,85,200
SHEET
6 EXTERIOR ALUMINIUM 700 M2 1470 10,29,000
CLADDING COMPOSITE SHEET
SHEET
7 PARTITION PORTABLE PARTITION 256 M2 170 4,67,956
WALL WALL
TOTAL= 50,69,918

TOTAL ESTIMATED COST OF STEEL = COST OF STEEL + COST OF OTHER


INTENSIVE QUARANTINE CENTER MATERIAL

= 32,49,000+50,69,918
= Rs.83,18,918 /-

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13. TIME FOR CONSTRUCTION

Sr. No. Activities Time


1 Site Clearance 1 day

2 Break Ground and 1 day


Excavation
3 Foundation 3 day

4 Construction of Tie Beam 1 day

5 Truss Assembling 2 day

6 Boundary Wall and Gates 1 day

7 Erection of Columns 1 day

8 Completion of Complete 2 day


Shed
9 Partition walls 2 day

10 Heat Protective Coatings 2 day

11 Electrical and Lighting 1 day

12 Plumbing 1 day

13 Final Finishing and 2 day


Cleanup
Total Time Required 20 days

Therefore, Probable time for construction will be approximately 20 days.

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2020 - 21

NOTE :

Beds use for quarantine center are :


1. prefabricated cardboard.
2. Easily assemble.
3. Lightweight.
4. Reuseable and eco-friendly to dispose off.
5. They are used because corona virus can staylong time on metallic and plastic
board but in case of cardboard the maximum duration of detention is 24
hrs.
6. It cost ¼ of a normal metallic bed .
7. They are coated withg water proof material and can be easily disinfected.

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2020 - 21

14. REFERENCES :

• Reinforced Concrete Vol. I, by Dr. H. J. Shah, Charotar Publications.


• Design of Steel Structures, by Dr. N. R. Chandak, S.K. Kataria & Sons.
• Limit State Design of Steel Structures, by S. K. Duggal, Mc Graw Hill
Education.
• Steel Structures Design and Practice, by N Subramaniam, Oxford Higher
Education.
• Design of Steel Structure, Vol.-1, by Ram Chandra,Standard Book House,
Delhi.
• Design of Steel Structures, by B.C.Punamia.
▪ www.constructionworld.in
▪ www.steelconstruction.info
▪ www.indiamart.com
▪ www.mohfw.gov.in

NOTE – Output file of analysis of structure of staad.pro, all architectural drawing,


design calculation and project duration are attached along with report.

35 AMRUTVAHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SANGAMNER | W- 03

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