Silliman University Senior High School

General Biology 2

Protein Synthesis

Name: Hamihlyn A. Balauro Section: 12 STEAM J

I. Labelling

Instruction: Below is an illustration showing the summary of protein synthesis. Label the part indicated
by the arrows accordingly. Write your answers on the blanks provided in the next page.

H
E

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A. DNA

B. mRNA Transcription

C. Mature mRNA

D. Amino acid

E. tRNA

F. Ribosome

G. Translation

H. Amino acid chain (protein)

II. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the first step of protein synthesis? Transcription

2. What is the second step of protein synthesis? Translation
3. Where does the first step of protein synthesis occur? nucleus
4. Where does the second step of protein synthesis occur? ribosome
5. During translation, the bases of the nucleotides of the mRNA are read 3 at a time by the
translation complex.
6. The triplet bases on the mRNA strand are called codons.
7. The three-base loop in tRNA that is complementary to the triplet bases in mRNA is called
anti-codons.
8. What is the start codon? AUG
9. What are the stop codons? UAA, UAG, UGA
10. The noncoding segments of the pre-mRNA is called introns.

II. Using the genetic code, determine the amino acid sequence coded by the following template strand.
Remember to read through the strand and ONLY start translating at the start codon AUG and STOP
when you reach a stop codon. Follow the example below:

Example

DNA template strand AGA CGG TAC CTC CGG TGG GTG CTT GTC TGT ATC CTT CTC AGT

mRNA strand UCU GCC AUG GAG GCC ACC CAC GAA CAG ACA UAG GAA GAG UCA

protein Met---Glu----Ala---Thr---His---Glu---Gln---Thr---Stop
(Start)

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1. DNA
CCT CTT TAC ACA CGG AGG GTA CGC TAT TCT ATG ATT ACA CGG TTG CGA TCC ATA ATC
mRNA
GGA GAA AUG UGU GCC UCC CAU GCG AUA AGA UAC UAA UGU GCC AAC GCU AGG UAU UAG
protein
MET---CYS---ALA---SER---HIS---ALA---ILE---ARG---TYR---STOP

2. DNA
AGA ACA TAA TAC CTC TTA ACA CTC TAA AGA CCA GCA CTC CGA TGA ACT GGA GCA
mRNA
UCU UGU AUU AUG GAG AAU UGU GAG AUU UCU GGU CGU GAG GCU ACU UGA CCU CGU G
protein
MET---GLU---ASN---CYS---GLU---ILE---SER---GLY---ARG---GLU---ALA---THR---STOP

3. DNA
TAC CTT GGG GAA TAT ACA CGC TGG CTT CGA TGA ATC CGT ACG GTA CTC GCC ATC
mRNA
AUG GAA CCC CUU AUA UGU GCG ACC GAA GCU ACU UAG_ GCA UGC CAU GAG CGG UAG

protein
MET---GLU---PRO---LEU---ILE---CYS---ALA---THR---GLU---ALA---THR---STOP

4. DNA
TAA ACT CGG TAC CTA GCT TAG ATC TAA TTA CCC ATC
mRNA
AUU UGA GCC AUG GAU CGA AUC UAG AUU AAU GGG UAG
protein
MET---ASP---ARG---ILE---STOP

5. DNA CTA TTA CGA TAC TAG AGC GAA TAG AAA CTT ATC ATC

mRNA GAU AAU GCU AUG AUC UCG CUU AUC UUU GAA UAG UAG

protein MET---ILE---SER---LEU---ILE---PHE---GLU---STOP

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