1648/2648/3648

TYPE 1648/2648/3648
API 682 Category II and III
Type A Pusher Seals
A – Seat/Mating Ring
B – Face/Primary Ring
C – Sleeve
D – Segmented
Bushing Assembly
E – Distributed Flush E

Type 1648-2/1648-3 (Category III with segmented bushing and distributed flush shown)

Product Description Design Features

Type 1648-2: Category II, Type A, Arrangement 1 single ■ API 682 Second Edition Qualification Tested
cartridge seal. This seal is available with either a fixed, ■ Evolved from performance proven Type 48 designs
floating, or segmented bushing option and with either a ■ Easy-to-install cartridge design with registered fit
single point or distributed flush arrangement. ■ Computer optimized low emission seal faces
Type 1648-3: Category III, Type A, Arrangement 1 single
■ Segmented spring-loaded carbon throttle bushing for
cartridge seal with segmented bushing and distributed flush effective containment (Type 1648-2/1648-3)
standard. Category III seals come with the appropriate
■ Distributed flush optimizes circulation of liquid at faces and
documentation in accordance with the API 682 specification. prevents trapped vapor
■ Available with pumping ring when utilizing an API Flush
Type 2648-2: Category II, Type A, Arrangement 2 dual Plan 23 (Type 1648-2/1648-3)
unpressurized cartridge seal. The outer seal provides addi- ■ Dual seals equipped with pumping ring for optimized flow
tional containment in conjunction with an API Flush Plan 52. ■ Withstands reverse pressurization (Type 3648-2/3648-3)
Type 2648-3: Category III, Type A, Arrangement 2 dual
unpressurized cartridge seal provided with the appropriate
Performance Capabilities
documentation in accordance with the API 682 specification. ■ Temperature: ■ Speed:
Type 3648-2: Category II, Type A, Arrangement 3 dual -40°C to 260°C/-40°F to Up to 25 m/s/5000 fpm
pressurized cartridge seal. The inner seal is double balanced 500°F ■ Shaft Size: 1.000” to
to provide a positive seal with pressure from either direction.
■ Pressure: 4.500”/25mm to 120mm
The outer seal contains the barrier fluid using an API Flush Up to 69 bar g/1000
Plan 53 or 54. psig max.
Type 3648-3: Category III, Type A, Arrangement 3 dual Typical Applications
pressurized cartridge seal provided with the appropriate ■ Hydrocarbons (heavy and light)
documentation in accordance with the API 682 specification. ■ Aromatic fractionation products (Benzene, Toluene,
solvents, etc.)
■ Crude oil fractionation products (fuel oil, lubricating
oil, gasoline, etc.)
■ Chemicals, caustics, some acids, aqueous solutions,
lubricating liquids
■ Industrial applications involved in the processing of
VOCs and similar hazardous products.
 TYPE 1648/2648/3648
API 682 Category II and III
Type A Pusher Seals
The Type 48 Seal Family
The primary default seal selection per API 682 is the
Type A, multiple-spring pusher seal that is supplied in
single, dual unpressurized and dual pressurized arrange-
ments.The John Crane Type 48 is the seal on which our
API 682 offering is based. The Type 48 family includes
the following seals:
■ Type 48LP
Balanced pusher seal with plain-face design for lower
pressure applications. Used as a single, inboard seal on
dual unpressurized arrangements and as an outboard seal
on either dual pressurized or unpressurized arrangements.
■ Type 48MP
Balanced pusher seal with plain-face design that incorpo-
rates a hammerhead to increase primary ring stiffness for
medium to high pressure applications. Used as a single,
inboard seal on dual unpressurized arrangements and as
an outboard seal on either dual pressurized or unpressur-
ized arrangements.
■ Type 48HP
Balanced pusher seal, with hydropad face design to
enhance face lubrication, incorporates a hammerhead
design to increase stiffness for high pressure designs. Used
as a single, inboard seal on dual unpressurized arrange-
ments, and occasionally as an outboard seal on dual pres-
surized arrangements.
■ Type 48RP
Double balanced pusher seal primarily designed for
ID pressure applications. Commonly referred to as a
reverse pressure design. Used as an inboard seal on
dual pressurized arrangements and occasionally as an
inboard seal on dual unpressurized arrangements.
■ Type S48
Shorter balanced seal designed for OD pressures only.
Used as an outboard seal on either dual unpressurized
or dual pressurized arrangements.

HAMMERHEAD HYDROPAD

LP MP HP
(Low Pressure) (Moderate pressure) (High Pressure)

Multiplier Factors
Example for Determining Pressure Rating Limits:
Selection Considerations Multiplier
Factor Seal: 75mm/3" Diameter Type 48LP
Product: Lube Oil
Sealed Fluid Below 80˚C/175˚F x 1.00
Temperature: 82˚C/180˚F
Temperature Above 80˚C to 125˚C/175˚F to 250˚F x 0.90 Speed: 3600 rpm
Above 125˚C to 180˚C/250˚F to 350˚F x 0.80
Using the Type 48LP Pressure Ratings Limit graph, the
Above 180˚C/350˚F x 0.65 pressure limit is 37 bar g/535 psig. From the Multiplier
Factors chart, apply the appropriate value, in this case
Materials Tungsten Carbide vs. Silicon Carbide x 0.50 0.90. For this service condition, the maximum operating
pressure is:
535 psig x 0.90 = 33 bar g/481 psig
Notes:
1. The above temperature derating factors apply to seals with carbon
primary rings only, not hard face vs. hard face combinations.
2. The temperatures noted are product temperatures for single seals or
the expected average temperature of the product and buffer/barrier
fluid for dual seals.
 TYPE 1648/2648/3648
API 682 Category II and III
Type A Pusher Seals
L-Shaped Mating Ring Internal Pressure Limits
The L-shaped mating ring used for dual seal arrangements is designed to be hydraulically balanced when used with
the proper seal size. The pressure limit of the mating ring should be considered along with the seal head pressure limit
when selecting dual seal arrangements.
The pressure limit with OD pressure is 57.2 bar g/830 psig for Silicon Carbide. This chart shows the ID pressure limit
for the Silicon Carbide mating ring.

Pressure (psig) Pressure (bar g)

850 58

56
800
54
CUT LINE FOR SHORT PAGE

52
750

50

700 48

46
650
44

42
600
2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 (inches)
50 75 100 125 (mm)
Mating Ring Size

Type 48 Series Hydrostatic/Static Pressure Limits

Pressure (psig) Pressure (bar g)

1,500
100
OD Pressure Limits for LP, MP, HP, RP, S48
1,300 90
Carbon vs. Silicon Carbide
80
1,100
70
900 60
Tungsten vs. Silicon Carbide

50
700
48RP ID Pressure Carbon vs. Silicon Carbide
40
500
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 (inches)

25 50 75 100 125 (mm)

Seal Size

NOTE: The hydrostatic and static limits are based upon O-ring extrusion limits, not component stresses.
Therefore, hydrostatic and static limits are the same.
1648/2648/3648
TYPE 1648/2648/3648
API 682 Category II and III
Type A Pusher Seals
Type 1648-2/1648-3 - API Type A Arrangement 1 - Single Cartridge
Floating Fixed
bushing bushing
option option
or

Pumping Single-point
ring option flush option

Type 2648-2/2648-3 - API Type A Arrangement 2 - Dual Unpressurized Cartridge

Type 3648-2/3648-3 - API Type A Arrangement 3 - Dual Pressurized Cartridge

 TYPE 1648/2648/3648
API 682 Category II and III
Type A Pusher Seals
Pressure Limits
Carbon vs. Reaction Bonded Silicon Carbide
(Other application-specific limits may apply. Contact John Crane Engineering for application assistance.)
Type 48LP Type 48MP
Pressure (psig) Pressure (bar g) Pressure (psig) Pressure (bar g)
1,200 85 1,200 85

75 75
1800 rpm Lubricating Fluid 1800 rpm Lubricating Fluid
1,000 1,000
65 65
1800 rpm
3600 rpm Light Hydrocarbon
800 Lubricating 55 800 55
Fluid

1800 rpm Light 45 45

600 600 3600 rpm
Hydrocarbon

CUT LINE FOR SHORT PAGE

Lubricating
35 3600 rpm Fluid 35
Light Hydrocarbon
400 400
3600 rpm Light Hydrocarbon 25 25

200 15 200 15

0
0 0 0
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 (inches) 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 (inches)
25 50 75 100 (mm) 25 50 75 100 (mm)
Seal Size Seal Size

Type 48HP Type S48

Pressure (psig) Pressure (bar g) Pressure (psig) Pressure (bar g)
1,200 75

75 1,000
1800 rpm Lubricating Fluid 65
1,000
65
800 55

800 55
45
1800 rpm 3600 rpm 600
Light Lubricating Fluid 45
600 Hydrocarbon 3600/1800 rpm 35

35 400
3600 rpm Light Hydrocarbon 25
400
25
200 15

200 15
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 (inches) 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 (inches)
25 50 75 100 (mm) (mm)
25 50 75 100
Seal Size Seal Size

Type 48RP OD Pressure Type 48RP ID Pressure

Pressure (psig) Pressure (bar g) Pressure (psi) Pressure (bar g)
800 55
70
1,000
700
60 Tungsten Carbide Limit
at 1800 rpm 45
800 600
50
1800 rpm Lubricating Fluid
500 35
600 40
Carbon Limit
400
3600 rpm 30
400 Lubricating Fluid 25

20 300
Tungsten Carbide Limit
200 1800/3600 rpm Light at 3600 rpm
Hydrocarbon 200 15
10

0 0 100
2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 (inches) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 (inches)
(mm) (mm)
50 75 100 125 50 75 100 125
Seal Size Seal Size
 TYPE 1648/2648/3648
API 682 Category II and III
Type A Pusher Seals
Materials of Construction

SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS

Description Standard Options

Face/Primary Ring Antimony Carbon Nickel Binder Tungsten Carbide

Alpha Sintered Silicon Carbide
Resin Carbon
Seat/Mating Ring Reaction Bonded Alpha Sintered Silicon Carbide
Silicon Carbide

Retainer 316 Stainless Steel —

Spring
Disc
Snap Screw
Set Screw
Sleeve
Collar
Segmented Bushing
Gland Plate
Auxiliary Gland
Spring Alloy C-276 316 Stainless Steel
(UNS N10276) (Single Spring Only)
O-Ring Fluoroelastomer Amine-Resistant Perfluoroelastomer
Low Temp Buna-N
Perfluoroelastomer

Angular and Radial Movement

Excessive runout will have a detrimental effect on seal
performance in the form of component wear or excessive
leakage. API 682 limits runout as follows:
■ Centering of the seal is to be by a register fit. The
register fit surface shall be concentric to the shaft and
have a total indicated runout (TIR) of not more than
125 micrometers/0.005".
■ Squareness of the seal chamber face to the shaft shall
not exceed 0.0005" per inch of seal chamber bore
(15 micrometers/3cm).
■ Runout of the sleeve outer diameter to the inner diameter
shall be 0.001"/25 micrometers TIR.

John Crane
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Tel: 1-847-967-2400 Tel: 44-1753-224000 Tel: 65-222-9161
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For your nearest John Crane facility, please contact one of the locations above.
If the products featured will be used in a potentially dangerous and/or hazardous process, your John Crane representative should be consulted prior to their selection and use.
In the interest of continuous development, John Crane Companies reserve the right to alter designs and specifications without prior notice. It is dangerous to smoke while handling
products made from PTFE. Old and new PTFE products must not be incinerated.

2002 John Crane Print 10/02 www.johncrane.com ISO Certified S-1648/2648/3648