Introduction

The Internet has become an important and popular source of

information. The library, as a place that gathers together information
and resources, should provide access to the Internet. Librarians should
not only be able to search the Internet, but also provide instruction and
guidance to the users
Society has progressed past the Industrial age to the Information Age,
also called the Information Society. The Information Society has been
described as being a society in which “the service by information and
communication technologies (ICT’s) underpins human activities”
Online search is the process of interactively searching for and retrieving
requested information via a computer from databases that are online.
Interactive searches became possible in the 1980s with the advent of
faster databases and smart terminals.In contrast, computerized batch
searching was prevalent in the 1960s and 1970s. Today, searches
through web search engines constitute the majority of online searches.
Where can I find the sources I need?
Now that you know what you're looking for in sources, it's time for you
to start your research in earnest. However, where should you look?
Where are all these sources we've been talking about? You're likely to
find most of the sources you need in two places: the library and the
Internet.
> As we've already mentioned, the Internet is a powerful research tool.
But to use it effectively, you must be selective and critical.
Online, you can find artieles, databases; encyclopedias, dictionaries,
and other reference materials; the archives of magazines and
newspapers; research data ;, excerpts from and full texts of old books
that are not copyright protected and may be unavailable in print;
government documents: and much, much more You can look up
definitions or documents much, much more. You can definitions or
verify historical dates, but there's so much information and so much of
it is unreliable that it's easy to get overwhelmed. When conducting
your online search, you'll want to explore all three information retrieval
systems the Web makes available to you.(1)
A search engine is an information retrieval system-not unlike an
electronic research assistant- designed to help find information stored
on computer systems like the World Wide Web. Search engines greatly
reduce the time needed to find information. This information may
consist of websites, images, and other types of files. Many also search
for information in newsgroups, databases, or open directories. The
most common and popular search engines are:
- Google (www.Google.com)
Yahoo! Search (www.search.yahoo.com)
-Ask.com (www.ask.com)
- Live Search (www.live.com)
- MSN (www.msn.com)

1
Grudzina, D. (2009). Sin boldly!: Dr. Dave's guide to writing the college
paper. Hachette UK.
Avoiding “Cut-and-Paste” Plagiarism.(1)
Online plagiarism A relatively recent phenomenon is online plagiarism.

Some students have discovered that there are websites which specialize

in providing pre - written essays on philosophical topics. Although,

presumably for legal reasons, creators of such sites claim that their

websites are only intended to help students focus their own work, this is

not how they are being used. Even if you are tempted to use such sites

in a legitimate way, as sources of ideas rather than chunks of prose to

cut and paste into your own essay, you should be extremely careful to

avoid the charge of plagiarism. It is always safer to include references

to the sources of your ideas. Be warned that many of those marking

essays use quite sophisticated software to identify copied and

uncredited material. And you can never be certain that none of your

fellow students has used the same source as you.

Evaluating Online Sources (2)

1
Nigel Warburton (2004). Philosophy, 100 essential thinkers. Enchanted
Lion Books.
2
Ann Truesdell (2012). Evaluating online sources: Helping students
Evaluating and investigating sources starts with looking at what's in
front of you. What is the title of the source? This might be confusing.
There are often two "titles" to each page. You will often You may also
see the title of the article or entry on the website. See the title of the
website or database near the top of the page. Both titles can give you
clues about the source. The titles will help you decide if the source is
relevant or not. Is this source going a different topic than what you are
researching? to help you find the information you are looking for? Or
is it about Next, smart searchers take a peek at the website's URL and
domain name. The URL is the website's address. It might look OR IS
IT About A DIFFERNT TOPIC THE What Are Are Researching?
Next, Smart Searchers Take A Peek at The Website's Url and Domain
Name. The URL is the Wybsite's Address. IT Might Look Messy, But
Ite Can Give You Some Important Clues About The Source. A
Website's Domain is the first part of the URL. It Tells You A lot about
the Website as a Whole. The Extension Can Give You Clues About
WHO OWNS The Website.

Using keyword and boolean expressions

determine trustworthiness, readability, and usefulness. Social Studies and the

Young Learner, 24(4), 11-14.
To review Boolean . Venn diagrams Venn diagrams are drawings that
visually represent searches uning Boolran operators. For example,
comsider the Venn diagrams in FIGURE B-1. The tectangle represents
the weh. Ciecles inside the rectangle represent gromps of related web
pages, called sets. One cincle nepersents a seanh for pages containing
the word cats Annther circde epeesents a search for dogs i the circkes
overlap, the overtapping area represents pages that are etrieved by both
warches. The overlapping ama i called the intersection of the sets. If
you limit your search ta pages containing both af the woeds, the seanch
results are repesented by the intersec tion of these two ciecles. If you
espand yoar seanth to pages containing either word, the search resolts
are represented by both till circles. This is caled the union of the tKO
sets. If you testrict pour warch to pages containing one word, but not
the other one, this search is represented by the part of one circle that
does not overlap the ceher one. This search eachudes one set Inom the
other. shows how the searches illustrated by the enn diagrams ae
entered and interprtrd.
• Boolean operators Boslrani operaturs, AND, OR and NT, expand,
namow, or restrict warches based on loolran kogic konlean logk, or
Boolran algebra, is the field of mathematics that defines how Boolean
operators manipulate lazge sets of data. Search engines handle large
data sets and use Boolean logic to perform complex searches, usually
called advanced seanches Beolran operatory act as commands to the
search engine. Hem they connect keywords and phraves tells the seanch
engine how to interpiet your search and thus helps you retrieve the
results you want. Boolean operators control which keyworch mut be on
the web page (AND). which ay or may ait be an the web page (OR, and
which keyanoed must at be on the wit page (NOT).
• Default Boolean operator Search engines insert kookin operators into
multiple word searches whether you sapphy them in the search query or
not. The operator that the engine wtomatically uses is called the default
operator. Most search engines defauk to AND, Others default to OR.
When you search two or mare wands, some mgines assume you want
the words in a phrase and treat the query an if you used quotation
matks. Being aware of an engine's default operator is important to
create the best search strategy for that engine.
• Where to use Boolean operators Some search engines alkow Bodean
seanhing on the basic seanh page, bot some allow it only on the
advanced search page, In the past, almost all scarch engines recognized
all Booltan operators when typed in all capital letters in the Seanch text
box on the banic seanh page. Now many only mcognize them if you tne
the advanced seanch page's specialized test boses. Some do not alow
the ue af the English wurds AND or NOT, but do allow the plus sign
(+) oe minus sign (-+ instead. Constructing Complex Searches (1)

Barker, D. I., Barker, M., & Pinard, K. T. (2011). Internet Research

Illustrated. Cengage learning.
Avoiding unintentional plagiarism
Most plagiarist is unintentional plagiarism-for example, a student might
paste a quoted passage into a paper and forget to include the quo- tation
marks and documentation, There is a difference, however, between an
honest mistake and intentional plagiarism-for example, copying a
passage word for word from a jourmal article or submitting a paper that
someone else has written. The penalties for unintentional plagiarism
may sometimes be severe, but intentional plagiariim is almost always
dealt with harshly: students who intentionally plagiarize can receive a
failing grade for the paper (or the course) and can even be expelled
from school .
The samie lechinoiogy that hus made uruntentional piagiaritm more
comman has alse madn placianiem easier to detect. By doing a Google
saarch, an instructor can qucdy find the sour CH of a phrese that has
boen piagiarized trom an internet aource. In adcition, pagianam
datection ser vices, such as Turnitin.com, can soarch scholarly
databases and identity plagerized passages in student papors.
The most common cause of unintentional plagiarism is Noppy research
habits. To avoid this problem, start your research per early. Do not cut
and paste text from a todo Web site or full - text database directly into
chocolat your paper.
Kirszner, L. G., & Mandell, S. R. (2013). The concise Wadsworth handbook. Cengage Learning.

searching forin research articals in newspapers and media sources

The choice of a search engine depends on whether researchers want to
explore online news content or news content in traditional media As a
rule of thumb , scarch options directly available on the Web site's home
tend to search online news content , whereas search engines of
broadcast or printed news content can be found through links named
advanced search " or " electronic exitinn . " Yet even when located
correctly , search engines of traditional media out lets differ in terms of
bow they search and return new content Some scarch engines allow full
- body searches based on keywords , returning txt files whereas others
allow searches based on publication date , betarning pdf - files . These
differences may he irrelevant when scholars aim to select articles solely
based on publication date since all search engines share this feature .
Most of the time , however , we are looking for specific keywords in
the body of a text In these cases , we may introduce a selection bias in
our data collection Media outlets in certain regions are more likely to
use search engines that return txt files . For example , must newspapers
in Beijing use search engines that allow keyword - based searches and
return txt files , whereas those in Chongqing are usually limited to
searching by date only , and they return pdf - files . Therefore we
should keep in mind that we may introduce systematic bianes into our
research when relying on one kind of search engine is opposed to
another The same is true for solely relying on online news Websites to
collect news reports . Clearly , these traditional media outlets that have
online news editions with functtuning search engines are also the ones
that are more profit - oriented and commercialized .
Carlson, A., Gallagher, M. E., Lieberthal, K., & Manion, M. (Eds.). (2010). Contemporary Chinese
politics: New sources, methods, and field strategies. Cambridge University Press.

Refrences