MAP8-JHS-SG-WK1

FUTURE READY, FUTURE SMART PROGRAM

STUDY GUIDE
SEPTEMBER

Subject MAPEH
I. Objectives
Topic Music of Southeast Asia
Level Grade 8
Week Week 1-2
School Year 1st Semester/SY 2020-2021

- Analyze musical elements of selected songs and instrumental pieces.

II. Discussion

INDONESIA

What are the history, culture, traditions, and beliefs of the people in Indonesia?

Indonesian culture is extraordinarily rich. It is as busy and adaptive as its landscape and
natural beauty. The rich culture is a result of the influence of the various neighboring countries
and its very traditional culture. The real spirit of the Indonesian culture is reflected in their
music, dance, drama, literature and their cuisine.

Silat art was created and developed in the islands of Java and Sumatra. It is an art for
existence and is practiced throughout the Indonesian archipelago. Old Indonesian kingdoms
used silat to determine the rank and position.

The religious found in Indonesia consists of a variety of beliefs with the highest population
claiming to be Muslims. They do not have a state religion but there is a legal system to
regulate their beliefs. The state allows only five faith categories: Islam, Buddhism,
Protestantism, Hinduism, and Roman Catholicism.

What are the elements present in vocal and instrumental music?

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Rhythm - Off
nested time
interval
structure in 8
or 16
Melody -
pelog and
slendro

Musical
Harmony/T
Elements
exture -
Polyphonic Form -
textture with Repeated
resultant
melody
Timbre -
Nasal

What are the musical characteristics, vocal, and musical instruments of Indonesia

Slendro and Pelog are the two different tunning systems of scales of Indonesian Music.
Slendro is a pentatonic or a five tone scale. It is also older of the two most common
scales.
Pelog is one of the two scales in gamelan music of Indonesia that has seven notes.

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What are the musical elements found in the folk song “Si Patokaan”? 1
5

The following are the elements of music in “Si Patokaan,” an Indonesian folk song:

Elements of Music “Si Patokaan”: A Folk song in Indonesia

Timbre Vocal-nasal, voice resonate through the nose
Rhythm Moderate in Tempo
Harmony and Texture Monophonic
Melody Uses slendro and pelog

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The Javanese gamelan What is the significance? Balinese gamelan
ensemble is known for Music plays an important role  Very similar to Javanese
expensive collection of a in Indonesia’s art and culture. gamelan
rich variety of instrument Gamelan is the traditional  The music is in cycle but
types. Besides music from Central and East usually faster in tempo
metallophones and gongs, Java and Bali. It is the most  Has a lot of sudden
changes in tempo and
there are other types of important kind of music in
dynamics
instruments which include Indonesia and an essential  Includes mettalophones
the following: part of Indonesian culture. and gongs
Most of the instruments here  More metallophones than
 Set of drums (kendhang) are struck with wooden gongs
 Bowed and plucked mallets, padded sticks, or  Metallophones produce
strings (rebab and hammers. It is complicated, very bright sound in timbre
celempung) an integral part of Indonesian  Used as cymbals, create a
 Xylophone (gambang) life and is different from fast rattling sound
 A bamboo flute (suling)
island to island. It has a
variety of instruments such as
Slendro and pelog are
mettalophones, xylophones,
played by two different
kedang(drums) and gongs;
sets of gamelan
bamboo flutes, bowed and
metallophones in Java.
pluked strings.

Gamelan music is in
polyphonic structure, the
music is composed by layers
of simply melodic lines and
rhythmic patterns.

The word gamelan comes

form the ancient roots
“gambel” in Bali and “gamel”
in Java. Gambel means
hammer.
Balinese Gamelan Javanese Gamelan

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THAILAND

What are the history, culture, traditions, and beliefs of the people in Thailand?

Thailand is surrounded by different countries and its position is the intersection of China and
India. Thai music is a blending of musical elements from several cultures, such as Chinese,
Khmer (Cambodian music), and Indian. Burma, Laos, and Malaysia also made an influence to
their music. These countries were able to influence every aspects of traditional Thai Music. But
the two great civilizations, China and India, made a big impact and influence to its music.
Characteristically, the integrated elements were incorporated into the existing culture of Thais
to suit their own taste.

What are the elements present in the vocal and instrumental music of Thailand?
The following are the elements of Thai music:
Form Vocal-Strophic
Instrumental-Three-part form
Timbre Vocal – nasal; instrumental – drums, xylophone, flute, and lute
Rhythm Duple, syncopation
Harmony and Texture Heterophonic
Melody Uses pentatonic scale or the seven tone scale

Vocal Music

Thai music is composed of vocal and instrumental music. The characteristics of Chinese music
are the same with large portions of contemporary Thai music: both use pentatonic scale and
some Thai instrument are Chinese instruments.

Other musical instruments of Thais were derived from Indian models. Some of the musical
forms of Thais music do not make use of the Hindustani.

English Translation
An elephant, do you know
It is a Thai song for
what an elephant looks like?
children. It is usually sung
Chaang It is a very big animal. It has
with a fast tempo. It is
a long nose; we call it a
usually in duple meter. The
“trunk.”
singer uses a nasal voice
with a narrow range of
On each side, looking like
melody. It is in strophic
two big teeth, are its tusks.
form.
It also has erars, eyes and a
long tail.
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Instrumental Music
There are three types of musical ensemble in Thailand: Piphat, Khruang Sai, and Mahori.

Piphat
Piphat is an ensemble in Thailand consisting of woodwind and percussion instruments. It is the
most common Thai classical music. It can be performed in either a loud outdoor style using
hard mallets or in an indoor style using the padded hammers.

Musical instruments of Piphat Ensemble:

a. Ranaat (xylophone)
b. Khaong-wong (a set of gongs in a circular
frame)
c. Pi-nai (double reed pipe)
d. Ching (small cymbals)
e. Taphoon (a drum beaten by hands)
f. Kalong-tat (a drum beaten by sticks)

Khruang Sai
Khruang Sai is an orchestra that combines some of the percussion and wind instruments of the
piphat with a stretched string section. It is used for instrumental indoor performances and for
accompanying the Thai hoon grabok, the Thai stick puppet theater.

Musical instruments of Khruang Sai orchestra:

a. so duang (high-pitched two-stringed bowed lute)
b. solaw (bowed lute)
c. three-string jhakhe (plucked zither)
d. klui (vertical flipple flute) in several sizes and
ranges
e. than (goblet drum)
f. khim (small hammered Chinese dulcimer)

Mahori
Mahori is a combination of Piphat and Kruang Sai.
Basically it is played by women in courts.

Musical instrument in Mahori:

a. ranaat
b. khaong-wong
c. ching
d. chakee (zither shaped like a crocodile)

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e. saw-sam-say (three-stringed fiddle) 1
f. saw-u (two-stringe fiddle) 5
g. saw- duang (higher two-stringed fiddle)
h. thon (goblet drum; one sided drum)

CAMBODIA

What are the history, culture, traditions, and beliefs of the people in Cambodia?

Cambodia is located in the southwestern section of the Indo-Chinese Peninsula in Southeast

Asia. It is also known as Kampuchea.

Cambodian music is influenced by different ancient forms especially Hindu. They have
choruses with large orchestras.

What are the elements presents in the vocal and instrumental music of Cambodia?

The following are the elements of music of Cambodia:

Elements of Music Music of Cambodia
Timbre Vocal – nasal
Rhythm Mostly in duple meter
Harmony and Texture Heterophonic
Melody Uses pentatonic scale or the seven tone scale

Characteristics of Cambodian Music

 Their musical expression emphasizes gong, drum ensembles, and free-reed mouth
organs.
 Has Thai influence
 Influenced by ancient Hindu forms
 Some dances are accompanied by their orchestra
 Has undergone heavy Westernization

What is Pinpeat?

Pinpeat is an ensemble that accompanies court music. Their music had a significant part in
their masked plays, court music and dances, religious ceremonial music and shadow plays. It
is also the same as the Piphat ensemble of Thailand which has nine to ten musical
instruments.

What are the musical instruments of Pinpeat?

Main bamboo xylophone alto (idiophone)

it gives an idea of the central theme
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Xylophone (idiophone)

Two-faced drum, horizontal position

(membranophone)
-vital in maintaining the rhythm and tempo
of the piece.

Two large vertical drums

(membranophone)
-used to emphasize and add drama,
especially to dance pieces.

Finger cymbals (idiophone)

High old khmer quadruple-reed Khmer

oboe

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MYANMAR

What are the history, culture, traditions, and beliefs of the people in Myanmar?

Myanmar is located in the mainland of Southeast Asia. Cambodia and Myanmar are located in
the Southeast Asian mainland, south of China and east of India. The geographical setting
between powerful neighbors has always been significant in the development of its beliefs,
architecture, legends and literature, dance, drama and music. These two small countries are
influenced by the big and most influential countries around them like China, India, and
Thailand. Most of their musical characteristics and elements are the same with the neighboring
countries.

What are the elements present in vocal and instrumental music of Myanmar?
The following are the elements of music of Myanmar:
Elements of Music Music of Myanmar
Timbre Vocal – nasal
Rhythm Mostly in duple meter
Harmony and Texture Heterophony
Melody Uses pentatonic scale or the seven tone scale

Characteristics of music of Myanmar:

 It presents a blend of the many regional varieties that include the influence of Indian,
Chinese, and Thai music
 The country became a colony of British empire in 19th century
 Melodious and without harmony
 More on instrumental music than vocal

What are the sample social functions of the Music of Myanmar?

 Byaw – played at religious festivals

 Pat pyo – royal court music
 Iwan chin – songs of logging
 Bole – songs of sorrow
What is Saung Gauk?

Saung Gauk is the national instrument of Myanmar. It is a 13-stringed angular harp with a soft
sound. It is made of paduk, a Myanmar mahogany. The flat bar is made of cutch wood. It is

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made of leather from a female deer and the strings are made of silk. The Saung Gauk 1usually
accompanies a “Mahagita”, a classical song of Myanmar. 5

References:

The 21st Century MAPEH IN ACTION

Gerardo C. Lacia, Ronald V. Solis, Pinky Olivar-Libiran, Corazon Memchero-Romano, Chrismariline Resontoc-Cabatana, Adelina
Pineda-Limos, Aileen C. Dela Cruz

III. Practice Exercise (10 points)

Directions: Identify the words being described of the following statements, Write your
answer on the space provided.
_________1. It is an orchestra that combines some of the percussion and wind instruments
of the piphat with a stretched string section?
_________2. It was created and developed in the islands of Java and Sumatra?
_________3. It is located in the mainland of Southeast Asia?
_________4. What is the combination of Piphat and Kruang Sai?
_________5. What is the national instrument of Myanmar?
_________6. It is a sample music of Myanmar that played at religious festivals?
_________7. It is an ensemble in Thailand consisting of woodwind and percussion
instruments?
_________8. It is a three-stringed fiddle of Musical instrument in Mahori?
_________9. Give one instrument of pinpeat.
_________10. It is a two-stringe fiddle of Musical instrument in Mahori?

Answer key: 1.Khruang Sai 2.Silat 3.Myanmar 4.Mahori 5.Saung Gauk 6.Byaw 7.Piphat 8.Saw-sam-say 9.
Main bamboo xylophone alto/ Xylophone/ Two-faced drum/ Two large vertical drums/ Finger cymbals/ High old khmer
quadruple-reed Khmer oboe 10. Saw-u

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1
Score Interpretation 5
0
Please watch the video lecture and read Study Guide again, then proceed
1–3
to the Written Activity part.
4–6
7–9
Please proceed to the Written Activity part.
10

IV. Written Activity (20 points)

Directions: Listen to some examples of music in Cambodia and Myanmar. How did you feel
while listening to music? What are their similarities and differences? (10 points)

Music of Cambodia – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIv7yqiyeeI

Music of Myanmar - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KcZuaUpJtA0

Differences Similarities Differences

Directions: Illustrate one example of the Javanes gamelan ensemble. (10 points)

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RUBRIC FOR VENN DIAGRAM

FOCUS CONTENT ORGANIZATION STYLE CONVENTIONS

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The single The presence of ideas The order developed The choice, use, 1
Grammar,
controlling developed through and sustained within and and arrangement of mechanics,
5
point made facts, examples, across paragraphs using words and spelling, usage,
with an anecdotes, details, transitional devices and sentence structures and sentence
awareness of opinions, statistics, including introduction that create tone formation.
the task about reasons, and or and conclusion. and voice.
a specific topic. explanations.

4 Sharp, distinct, Substantial, A sophisticated Precise, illustrative use Evident control of

controlling point specific, and/or arrangement of of a variety of words and grammar,
made about a illustrative content content with sentence structures to mechanics,
single topic with demonstrating evident and/or create consistent writer’s spelling, and
sufficient strong subtle transitions. voice and tone usage, and
awareness of the development and appropriate to the sentence
task. sophisticated audience. formation.
ideas.
3 Apparent point Sufficiently The functional Generic use of a variety Sufficient control
made about a developed content arrangement of of words and sentence of grammar,
single topic with with adequate content that structures that may or mechanics,
sufficient elaboration or sustains a logical may not create a writer’s spelling, usage,
awareness of the explanation. order with some voice and tone and sentence
task. evidence of appropriate to the formation.
transitions. audience.
2 No apparent Limited content Confused or Limited word choice and Limited control of
point but with inadequate inconsistent control of sentence grammar,
evidence of a elaboration or arrangement of structures that inhibit mechanics,
specific topic. explanation. content with or voice and tone. spelling, usage,
without attempts and sentence
of transition. formation.
1 Minimal evidence Superficial and/or Minimal control of Minimal variety in word Minimal control of
of a topic. minimal content. the content choice and minimal grammar,
arrangement. control of sentence mechanics,
structure. spelling, usage,
and sentence
formation.

V. Learning Rubric

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Instruction: Please read carefully and check the corresponding box for your answer. 1
(Basahin ng mabuti ang bawat tanong at i-tsek ang kahon ng iyong sagot). 5

Note: Your honest answers will help us gather accurate data to understand and provide
appropriate interventions for the topic discussed.
(Ang matapat na pagsagot ay makapagbibigay ng tumpak na datos upang mas higit na
maunawaan at makapagbigay ng nararapat interbensiyon patungkol sa paksang ito.)

CONTENT YES MAYBE NO

(3) (2) (1)
1. I have background knowledge about the topic.
(Mayroon na akong konting kaalaman tungkol sa paksa.)
2. I can analyze the content to deepen my understanding.
(Kaya kong suriing mabuti ang paksa upang mapalawak pa ang
aking kaalaman.)
3. I can give my own examples.
(Kaya kong magbigay ng sarili kong halimbawa.)
4. I can summarize the content and information that I have
learned.
(Kaya kong lagumin ang paksa at ang kaalamang aking
natutunan.)
5. I clearly understood the topic.
(Lubos kong naunawaan ang paksa ng aralin.)
6. I understand the direction of each activity and answered it
correctly.
(Nauunawan ko ang panuto ng bawat gawain at nasagutan ito
ng tama.)
7. I can enumerate the necessary steps and procedures related
to the lesson.
(Kaya kong hanayin ang mga hakbang at proseso na may
kaugnayan sa paksang tinalakay.)
8. I can independently perform the skill, strategy, or process.
(Kaya kong i-apply ang aking natutunan upang magsagawa ng
isang kasanayan, pamamaraan, o proseso.)
9. I can relate the topic to real-life situations.
(Kaya kong iugnay ang paksa sa totoong buhay.)
10. I accomplished the task on time.
(Natapos ko ang mga gawain sa itinakdang oras.)

VI. SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT (20 points)

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A: FILL IN THE BLANKS. Write the answer on the space provided. 1
5
1. ___________________ become a colony of british empire during the 19 th century.
2. ___________________ uses pentatonic scale and has a similarity with the other
Chinese musical instrument.

3-4. The two different tuning systems of scale of Indonesia are __________________
and ______________________
5. ____________________ is an Indonesian folk song that uses slendro ad pelog with a
Moderate tempo.
6. Mahori is the combination of Piphat and ____________________.
7. ____________________ is based on pentatonic scale with 250 musical theme melodies.
8. The Saung Gauk usually accompanies ________________, a classical song in Myanmar.
9. Khruang Sai is used for instrumental indoor performances and for accompanying the
________________________.
10. Indonesia has five faith categories : Islam, Buddhism, Protestantism, ______________
and Roman Catholicism.

B. Listen to some examples of music in Cambodia. Identify the uniqueness of their music and
wirte how did you feel while listening to music?

Music of Cambodia: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gz_cKvOP9Uw

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