2. A 150-mm-long, 12.

5-mm-diameter 304 stainless steel rod is being reduced in

diameter to 12.0 mm by turning on a lathe. The spindle rotates at N 400 rpm, and the
tool is travelling at an axial speed of 200 mm/min. Calculate the cutting speed,
material-removal rate, and cutting time.

Given: • Workpiece material: 304 stainless steel • Turning on a lathe process • 𝑙 = 150 𝑚𝑚 • 𝐷𝑜 = 12.5
𝑚𝑚 • 𝐷𝑓 = 12.0 𝑚𝑚 • 𝑁 = 400 𝑟𝑟𝑟/𝑚𝑚𝑚 • 𝑣 = 200 𝑚𝑚/𝑚𝑚𝑚
3. Explain the working principle of gear shaving process.

Gear is one of the important machine tool elements which is an integral and inevitable part of power
transmission system. A gear is a round blank having teeth along its periphery. Gears are used to transfer
power or torque from prime mover to the place where it is to be used. Along with the transmission of
power gears also transfer the accurate velocity ratio between two shafts. Velocity ratio is defined as the
ratio of rpm (revolution per minute) of driven shaft to the rpm of driver shaft. Power is normally
transferred with the help of pair of gears in mesh together, each of these two are mount on driven shaft
and driver shaft. RPM of driven shaft ordriven gear Velocity Ratio = RPM of gear driver shaft or driver
The gear mounted on the driver shaft is called driver gear and an other gear mounted on the driven
shaft is called driven gear. Driver gear and driven gear both constitute a pair of mating gears, these gears
are identical with reference to all parameters except their diameters and number of teeth. Two gears
mating and transferring power and exact velocity ratio. For any pair of malting gears the mandatory
condition is their peripheral speed should be exactly same.

Gear shaving is a process of finishing of gear tooth by running it at very high rpm in mesh with a gear
shaving tool. A gear shaving tool is of a type of rack or pinion having hardened teeth provided with
serrations. These serrations serve as cutting edges which do a scrapping operation on the mating faces
of gear to be finished. Both are gears in mesh are pressed to make proper mating contact. A shaving tool
with serrated teeth is explained by illustration in Figure