Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi MARA
Lenggong, Perak

JOB SHEET DPP C2

PROGRAMME DHH
SESSION MAY - NOVEMBER 2021 SEMESTER 3
CODE & DHH30103 HERBAL SHEET NO JS 01
COURSE SAFETY EVALUATION
LECTURER FARAH SUHANA BINTI DURATION 4 hours
MANSOR
STUDENT’S
NAME

TOPIC
SUB-TOPIC
TITLE OF Virtual Qualitative Testing Ground Corn for Aflatoxin
EXPERIMENT
TOPIC 1. Display the ability to conduct virtual aflatoxin test
LEARNING
OUTCOMES 2. Interpret result of corn sample.

TOOLS/
1. Laptop
EQUIPMENTS/
2. https://virtuallabs.nmsu.edu/corn.php
MATERIALS

DRAWING AND
Not applicable
DATA

LAB SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

1. Wear lab safety glasses, gloves (non-latex)
2. Use caution when handling methanol and/or ethanol, they are both highly
INSTRUCTION
flammable and toxic.
3. Keep away from heat, sparks, and flames.
4. Lab coat and exhaust hood is also advised for those preparing solvents.
 PROCEDURE
STEP KEY POINT
LEVEL OF TESTING
UV TEST
S1: PRESUMPTIVE TEST
ELISA ASSAY (immunochemical method)
Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect antigens - Multi-Lingual Captions -
YouTube
S2: OBTAINING CORN SAMPLE
S3: EXTRACT AFLATOXINS FROM CORN SAMPLE
S4: DILUTE EXTRACT WITH WATER
S5: RUN TEST
INTRODUCTION
ANALYTICAL LABORATORY (chromatographic/spectroscopic
method)
Question: State the purpose of the aflatoxin virtual lab.
Answer:
To conduct a screening test on a sample of ground corn the presence of
Aflatoxin in a corn sample. Aflatoxin can be fatal to animals and is
carcinogenic and cause other health problems for animals and humans.
The FDA has very strict rules for keeping aflatoxin out of the food
supply.
UV TEST
1. P1: Identify the fluorescent structure on the corn.
S1: PRESUMPTIVE TEST
2. State the hypothesis when you notice fluorescent spots on the corn
1. Spread off ground corn
observed under UV light.
on a tray and switch off
light (room light).
Skills evaluated:
2. Turn on UV light and
 P1: Identify
observe any fluorescent
 Scientific skills
spots on the corn.

ELISA ASSAY P2: State simple steps you took in using weighing balance to ensure right
S2: OBTAINING CORN measurement of corn sample.
SAMPLE
1. Ground Corn Sample – Skills evaluated:
grind using food mill, P2: State the procedures to weigh sample
Romer mill or coffee
grinder (thoroughly
cleaned and disinfect
with 70% ethanol)
2. Measure out 10 grams
of ground corn.
3. Place the 10 grams
ground corn into the
plastic sample cup with
lid.
S3: EXTRACT AFLATOXINS
FROM CORN SAMPLE
1. Add two volumes of
solvent (70% methanol)
to the 10 grams of corn in
the sample cup. 1. P2: State the correct technique to measure solvent using graduated
2. Cap the sample cup cylinder.
tightly and shake for 1 ½ 2. P2: Show the mixture of sample.
to 2 minutes.
3. The sample will separate Skills evaluated:
into two layers, the top  P2: State the ability to prepare measure solvents and mix samples.
(yellowish) layer contains
aflatoxin residues, if
present.
Let the mixture sit for 5
minutes before mixing with
diluent.
S4: DILUTE EXTRACT WITH
WATER
1. Prepare diluent:
Transfer 150 μl distilled
water into the small 1. P2: State the actions required before pipetting when there are
reaction vial using bubbles in the sample.
pipette. 2. P2: State the action required to draw in liquid from a vial using
2. Use the same fixed pipette.
volume pipette, transfer 3. P2: State the reasons of bubbles in the tip of pipette instead of the
150 μl from the top liquid.
(yellowish) layer of
sample into the small Skills evaluated:
reaction vial containing  P2: State the ability to use pipette using correct technique.
diluent.
3. Mix water and sample
extract thoroughly by
stirring with the tip of the
fixed volume pipette.

S5: RUN TEST 1. State the sign on the test strip that will tells you that the
1. Set timer to 5 minutes. administration of sample is correct (not a failed test).
2. Place test strip into the 2. State the sign on the test strip that will determine whether the
reaction vial with the sample is tested negative or tested positive for aflatoxin.
arrows pointing towards 3. Show samples of test strips that indicate wrong sample
the reaction vials and let administration, positive and negative result of toxins.
the strip for 5 minutes.
Skills evaluated:
P2: Show ability to interpret result.
 RESULT:
UV TEST
S1: PRESUMPTIVE TEST Able to identify
fluorescent structure
1. Picture 2
and form correct
hypothesis.

Able to identify
fluorescent structure
and form correct 1
hypothesis with
minimal error.

Not able to identify

structure and no/wrong 0
hypothesis.
2. Hypothesis: Positive because the corn kernels become fluorescent.
The corns are mouldy, possible presence of aflatoxin.
ELISA ASSAY
Correct answer 2
S2: OBTAINING CORN SAMPLE
Have attempt to
1
1. Measure the empty container answer
2. Set the weighing balance to zero (tare) before adding the
sample. No answer 0

S3: EXTRACT AFLATOXINS FROM CORN SAMPLE Correct technique and

2
picture
1. Place the graduated cylinder on the table and then lower heads
to be able to read the meniscus at eye level. Correct technique and
picture with minimal 1
error

Wrong/No technique
0
and picture.

2.

S4: DILUTE EXTRACT WITH WATER

Correct answer for all 2
1. Press down/Depressed the thumb trigger until feel
resistance. Do not press the trigger until it is completely stop.
Some errors in answer 1
 2. Slowly release thumb to draw liquid.
3. Bubbles in the tip is due to fast release of thumb trigger No answer 0
during pipetting.
S5: RUN TEST
Correct answers for all 2
1. Indicator strip is visible.
2. Compare the test comparison strip with the middle strip. If
the middle strip is equally dark or darker than the test
Correct answers with
comparison strip, the sample is positive with toxin/ 2 distinct 1
some errors
lines in the test area (Control line and test line) indicate
positive/ 1 distinct line in the test area (Control line) indicate
negative.

Wrong/ No answers 0

QUESTION/DISCUSSION:
Interpret positive and negative result. All correct answers 2
Some errors in answers 1
Positive result indicates the presence of aflatoxin above 20ppb.
Negative result indicates the sample contain less than 20 ppb of No answer 0
aflatoxin.
CONCLUSION:

All objectives have been achieved through this practical. The Good conclusion 2
presence of aflatoxin can be determined qualitatively, and the kit Brief conclusion 1
detects only if the aflatoxin level is above 20 ppb. Further test is
required to determine the quantity of aflatoxin in the corn sample. No conclusion 0
Sample with aflatoxin should be rejected.