Question 1 50 minutes

Starch is a storage product in plants. Starch contains amylase which stains

blue/ black when it forms a complex with iodine solution.

You are supplied with three different concentrations of amylase, labelled Z1,
Z2 and Z3. The solutions are not in the correct order of concentration. A
starch suspension has also been supplied to you.

You are required to investigate the effect of the three different

concentrations of the amylase solution on the rate of starch hydrolysis by
devising an appropriate plan.

Use the apparatus that has been provided to determine the effect of varying
enzyme concentration and on starch suspension. You are advised to use
10cm3 of starch suspension and 5cm3 of each enzyme concentration.

You should take no more than 20 minutes to complete your investigation.

a). Describe your method fully, indicating the precautions that you took
to enable you to make valid conclusions. (6)

b). Use your observations to make a suitable table.

c). Use the data you obtained in (b) to calculate the rate of reaction for
each solution. Record your answers in the appropriate column in table
2 below. Rate of reaction can be calculated by using the formula.
1
Rate = time (min)

Complete Table 2.

Table 2:
Solution % concentration Rate of reaction
Z1
Z2
Z3
d). The amylase solutions Z1, Z2 and Z3 are of the following
concentrations 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.1% but not necessarily in the
correct order.

Use you results from (b) to match Z1, Z2 and Z3 to their actual %
concentrations and add this information to Table 2. (1)

e). Use the data in Table 2 to plot a graph of amylase concentration

against rate of reaction on the grid provided.

f) Account fully for the shape of your graph using your biological
knowledge. (4)

g). Explain how the same experiment could be modifies to investigate the
effect of temperature on the rate of reaction. (3)
Question 2 – 65 minutes
You are required to investigate the effects of two solutions A and B on onion
epidermal
cells.

You are provided with a Petri- dish containing part of an onion, labeled X in
distilled water.

You are also provided with solutions A and B, which contain the same
dissolved substance at the same concentration. In addition, solution B
contains a dissolved toxic substance.

Prepare temporary mounts of the inner epidermis of onion as follows:

Remove the piece of onion from distilled water and make small cuts in the
inner concave side of the onion scale to get three squares about 1cm x 1cm
as shown below

Using the tip of a scalpel blade, carefully peel off the first 1cm square of thin
epidermis and mount it on a microscope slide in distilled water. Cover with a
cover slip and label th slide distilled water.
Repeat this procedure with two or more squares of epidermis and mount one
in solution A and the other in solution B, labeling the slides.

a)i. Observe the tissue mounted in distilled water using your microscope.
Make a large drawing to show three adjacent cells. No labels are required.
(5)

ii). Describe the appearance of the contents of the cells. (2)

b). Observe the tissue mounted in solution A using the high power of the
microscope.
i). Make a large drawing to show three cells. No labels are required.
(3)
ii). Explain fully the reason for the appearance of the cells in your
drawing. (4)

c). Examine the tissue mounted in solution B, using the high power of
your microscope. Describe the appearance of the contents of the cells.
(1)

d). Suggest the habitat and explain how each of the features you stated in
(b) make Z1 better adapted to the suggested habitat. (9)