Name: Fariha Younas Dar

Roll # 202110001

Section: Null

Semester: 3rd

Submitted To: Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz

Course Code: ENG-614-Discourse Analysis

Mid Term Assignment

 TOPIC
Intertextual, actionorientated, political and occasioned constructions of Zimbabwe as a
country in crisis

A place is a place with a meaningful investment. One way in which places are made meaningful
is through their representation in oral, written and visual forms. The construction of spaces for
conflicting psychologists is not only constructive but also ‘on-the-spot, action-oriented,
competitive and often politically productive. One consequence of the representation of places
used for social action is that specific representation may be culturally dominant. The
construction of sites justifying colonialism or military intervention will be repeatedly reproduced
in various forms as long as it is politically expedient to do so. However, it is not just the
repetition of a representation that leads to its dominance. The effects of truth are contradicted by
the use of rhetorical tools.

When it comes to space in a conversation, it is important to consider how the speakers are
presenting themselves in the context of the interaction. Space is used in conversation because
the way we describe a place has implications of ‘who we are’. The study of Adams and
Kirkwood, both of which draw on forced immigrant interviews, gives an example of the way
speakers engage in identification work when they talk about places. Adams discusses how a
diverse group of young asylum seekers were asked to talk about him in the UK when they
created remarkably similar accounts. He talked about how his life was different before his
arrival and how he drew dramatic contradictions between Britain and his country of origin.
Specification is central to the process of attributing accusations because addictive relationships
are built as versions are developed. Even directly attributed statements, such as ‘it was his fault’,
are accompanied by detailed descriptions as the description serves to warrant a speaker or author
as a reliable witness. More commonly, people present situational specifications that have
attributable estimates and address accountability issues.

Considering the description as a field for attribution means paying attention to how the
description is presented based on facts. One technique used to make descriptions based on facts,
commonly used in attribution work, is to invite consensus. An example of this is the
Zimbabwean construction, published in The Star magazine. Seven of the interviewees found out
about the research through an advertisement I placed in a Zimbabwean newspaper, the New
Zimbabwe News website and the Gumtree website. The interviews were written verbatim but
with some details that could add meaning to verbal exchanges such as laughter and breaks. I also
included my backchanneling answers in square brackets to reflect on my role as a co-creator of
the conversation. The level of interactive detail included on the copy was considered sufficient
for the type of analysis; It reflects my interest in the words spoken during the interaction rather
than the interaction, in which case it would have been necessary to use a more detailed system of
copying.

Zimbabwe as a construction crisis country. Zimbabwe is a crisis-ridden country and

Zimbabwe as a state under threat from Western imperialism. The latter can be considered a
‘statement of the nation’ while the former can be considered a counter-statement. Attempts have
been made to inoculate Zimbabwe’s construction. Before attributing “good things now” to
President Mugabe’s leadership, Fred tries to defend himself against the possible accusation that
he always expected that after Mugabe came to power immediately after Zimbabwe’s
independence in 1980. The country will deteriorate and he said, “We thought that with the
advent of independence.” Fred offers an important explanation of Zimbabwe’s crisis, but he also
presents Mugabe in a more favorable light than many who came to power with the intention of
fulfilling his promise that “he will keep everything the same.” As it was or it will get better ‘but
over the years he’ lost his vision ‘and became’ corrupt with power‘.

Fred suggests that it was not only his emotional reaction to what happened to Zimbabwe
that prompted his departure and influenced his decision to stay in the UK. Through a
combination of direct statements and words reported by others, he suggests that leaving
Zimbabwe and living in the UK is a matter of survival.

This article explains how the construction of places through the linguistic process and
how such constructions are interconnected, action-oriented, political and opportunistic. I began
by exploring how the interviews were a place for Zimbabwe's construction preparations as a
country on a political and practical basis that they countered the 'narrative of the nation' and the
crisis. Blames President Mugabe and ruling party I discussed how the interviewers used
rhetorical tools to bet on Zimbabwe's own architecture, less like artistic architecture and more
like accurate descriptions. Provide detailed explanations that serve as a warrant for the speaker
to be an argumentative witness; And there is a consensus on who is responsible for Zimbabwe's
economic downturn. By putting these attributed Zimbabwean constructions into public debate as
to who is responsible for this crisis, I also show that these constructs are interconnected.