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BX1765 .P5 1915Roman Catholicism analyzed , a
ALD
VIVIRG
OF
A IN
MI
NO
N O
I A
,
1819
By
J . A . PHILLIPS
Missionary of the Methodist Episcopal
Church ( South ) in Mexico
Introduction by
WILLIAM BURT, D . D ., LL. D .
One of the Bishops of the Methodist
Episcopal Church
BX
1765
.P 5
1515
436689
6
B . The Commandments of the Church
C . Some of the Propositions Found in
the Syllabus of Errors Con
demned by Pius IX . . .
D . Some of the Canons and Decrees
of the Council of Trent . .
E . Principal Portion of the Vatican
Decree
bil
Regarding Papal Infalli
ity .. 231
to Ri
F . Parts of the Appendix in nalda's
Ripalda's
Catechism . 232
G . Parts of the Bull of Boniface VIII,
“ Unam Sanctam ” . . 238
H . Concerning Political Elections .
1. Brief of Julius II Respecting the
Cordova
Troubles inin Cord ova . . 246
(Notes)
The Douay Version of the Bible
The Apocrypha :
“ The Original Diaries of the
Council of Trent ” . . 259
IV . Bulls and Briefs . . . 261
V. Sacramentals . 262
Quotations from theMoral The
ology of Alphonsus Liguori . 263
VII. Galileo . . 277
III. The Bull, “ In Cæna Domini ” 270
IX . The Feast of the Ass 279
X . “ Bull- fight ” . . . . 281
XI. A Case of Torture . 282
XII. The Inquisition . . . 289
BIBLIOGRAPHY • 292
INDEX . . . . . . . .
GENERAL STATEMENT
- - -
ROME AS A TEACHER
I. ROME'S FALLIBLE TEACHING
VERY Roman Catholic must subscribe to
the Creed of Pius IV . (See Appendix ,
Document A .) In doing so, he must say,
“ I most steadfastly admit and embrace the apos
tolical and ecclesiastical traditions, and all other
observances and constitutions of the Church .
“ I also admit the Holy Scriptures, according to
that sense which our Holy Mother the Church has
held , and does hold , to which it belongs to judge
of the true sense and interpretation of the Scrip
tures ; neither will I ever take and interpret them
otherwise than according to the unanimous consent
of the fathers.”
No one knows exactly what is meant by tradi
tion . It cannot include all the traditions ever
circulated by pious Catholics. Not even all those
which have been written can be accepted . As to
the unwritten ones, nobody has ever been able to
locate them and if he did , he would not know which
to accept and which to reject. No volume or set
of volumes has ever yet been designated as contain
ing genuine, and only genuine , traditions. One
29
30 ROMAN CATHOLICISM ANALYZED
definition of tradition is, “ That which has been
taught everywhere, always, and by all.” But how
is one to know whether or not a given doctrine has
been so taught unless he has examined all that has
been always taught by all ? No human being has
the intellect or strength to go through all the
ponderous tomes which have been written by
Catholic authors and have come down to us, to
say nothing of those which have perished and of
those which have never been written. If such
a person ever existed, it does not follow that he
would have the discernment and the memory prop
erly to recollect and weigh each sentiment and doc
trine. He would also be required systematically
to collate them and decide between the genuine
and the spurious. Papal Infallibility would not
avail for the task , for that organ does not function
all the time; not even in teaching, much less in
study and investigation .
Holy Scripture, as Protestants have it, provides
a common platform on which every one concerned
should be able to stand. But the question of trans
lations is raised by Rome. Someof their apologists
severely condemn all Protestant translations. But
the result is usually wholesale denunciation instead
of a careful examination of facts.
In order to make a correct translation of the
Bible , it is necessary to know the original lan
guages, something of the customs of the times in
which the various books were written , the purposes
and spirit of the writers, and the languages of the
ROME AS A TEACHER 31
proposed translation. Rome claims no infallible
guidance in her translations. So it is merely a
question of scholarship and of a sympathetic atti
tude to the Bible. It cannot fairly be contended
that Rome has a larger number of great scholars
than have the Evangelical Churches. But if she
had, the difference would be only one of degree
and not a radical dissimilarity between Roman and
Protestant scholars. We, of course, take it for
granted that the translators have been honest, re
gardless of party lines.
Yet, as a rule, there is no material differ
ence between the two classes of versions. Let
us quote from “ Roman Catholic and Protestant
Bibles Compared ,” page 43. (See Bibliography.)
“ Jerome was perhaps the best Western scholar for
fifteen hundred years ; but he acknowledged his
deficiencies in Hebrew , and always threw the re
sponsibility for his Old Testament work on his
teachers. Nor were the Vatican editors much
stronger on this side ; though Martin of Douay
was in the front rank, and Challoner was a good
scholar. On the other side, Tyndale was no better
equipped than Jerome, and Coverdale laid no claim
to Hebrew scholarship . But since their days the
work of the Bishops', the Authorized, the English
and the American editions, has brought into the
field scores of able men , including the best Hebra
ists and critics of the English -speaking world . So
too with the New Testament. Indeed, it may be
said that the Catholic versions are due mainly to a
32 ROMAN CATHOLICISM ANALYZED
single man, such as Jerome, Martin , Challoner, Ken .
rick, slightly checked by others ; while the Prot
estantversions are duemainly to committees,among
whom none stand out conspicuously. No very de
cided superiority, in fact, is evident with either
party.” On page 44, “ Several errors exist in the
modern Catholic versions, traceable to the blun
ders of Jerome. On the other hand, the 1901 Prot
estant version is inferior to the Catholic in a few
places ; though, in the judgment of the writer, these
are very few ."
As to Catholic mistakes, we select one given on
pages 46, 47 of the above work : “ 1 John v. 6 -8 ,
as the passage stands in the Douay Bible, differs
from the Protestant version not only in the division
of verses, but in the inserting of the words, ' In
heaven , the Father, the Word , and the Holy Ghost.
And these three are one. And there are three that
give testimony on earth . No words corresponding
exactly to these are to be found in a single one of
the two hundred and fifty of the Greek manuscripts
that contain the adjoining verses. Any words at all
like them are found only in fourGreek manuscripts,
all written after the year 1400, with suspicion of
forgery in each case. . . . The first express
quotation is by the Bishop of Carthage, in 484, in
a confession drawn up for a king leaning to Uni
tarianism . . . as late as Jerome, Augustine
and Pope Leo, the words themselves were unknown
in the Latin text. . . . Ordinary Catholic edi
tions insert the passage without a shred of warning
TIT
ROME AS A TEACHER 33
- - - - -
DOCUMENTS 241
“ The Answer of the Sacred Penitentiary follows :
11 . Most Blessed Father :
" Certain Bishops and Ordinaries of places em
braced in that kingdom which is called the Kingdom of
Italy , with the purpose of directing with certainty the faith
ful confided to your care, perceiving that circumstances
have varied, the following doubts have been renewed and
we beg that you give us a ruling .
" 1. How should one answer if asked whether or
not he can accept a position as representative in Parlia
ment ?
" 62. How should Bishops deport themselves towards
those who ask that they favour the election of good rep
resentatives ?
" . Sacra Penitentiaria re mature ac diligentur dis
cussa, factaque relatione SS. Dno.. Pio PP. IX , re
spondet :
“ Ad Primum : afirmative, sub sequentibus condi
tionibus :
“ 1. Ut deputati electi in emittendo iuramento fidel
itatis et obedientiæ a lege præscripto adiiciant limita
tionem : salvis legibus divinis et ecclesiasticis.
1 . 2 . Ut huiusmodi limitatio fiat expresse in recita
tione formulæ ipsius iuramenti, audientibus saltem duobus
testibus.
" 63. Ut ipsi deputati electi animo comparati sint et
declarent seu unquam legibus improbis et iniustis favorem
et suffragium esse laturos ; imo huiusmodi leges, quatenus
proponantur, esse notorie reprobaturos.
" • Ad secundum : Nihil obstare quominus Episcopi et
Ordinarii, occasione electionum , quoties ad id requisiti
fuerint, in mentem populi revocent, quemque fidelium pro
242 APPENDIX
NOTE V . - SACRAMENTALS
The Catholic Encyclopedia gives the following definition :
" In instituting the sacraments Christ did not determine
the matter and form down to the slightest detail, leaving
this task to the Church, which should determinewhat rites
were suitable in the administration of the sacraments .
These rites are indicated by the word Sacramentalia , the
object of which is to manifest the respect due to the sacra
ment and to secure the sanctification of the faithful. They
belong to widely different categories, e. g., substance, in
themingling of water with the Eucharistic wine ; quantity,
in the triple baptismal effusion ; quality , in the condition
NOTES 263
of the unleavened bread ; relation , in the capacity of the
minister ; time and place, in feast days and Churches ;
habit, in the liturgical vestments ; posture, in genuflection,
prostrations ; action, in chanting, etc. . . .
" Apart from the ceremonies relating to the administra .
tion of the sacraments the Church has instituted others for
the purpose of private devotion . To distinguish between
them , the latter are named sacramentals because of the
resemblance between their rites and those of the sacraments
properly so -called. . . .
“ The sacramentals do not produce sanctifying grace
sa substancerate
ex -opere-operate by virtue of the rite or substance em
ployed, and this constitutes their essential difference from
the sacraments. . . . Theologians do not agree as to
whether the sacramentals may confer any other grace ex
opere-operantis through the action of the onewho uses
them , but the negative opinion is more generally followed .
. . . Moreover, as experience teaches, the sacramentals
do not infallibly produce their effect. .
“ One of the most remarkable effects of sacramentals is
the virtue to drive away evil spirits whose mysterious and
baleful operations affect sometimes the physical activity of
man. To combat this occult power the Church has re
course to exorcism and sacramentals. . . . •The
episcopal blessing, the aspersion of holy water, every
sacramental unction , prayer in a dedicated Church , and
the like, effect the remission of venial sins, implicitly or
explicitly .' "
ENCYCLOPEDIAS
“ Britannica." Articles: Popedom , Jesuits, Inquisition ,
Torture , Canon Law (especially “ false decretals " ), Edu
cation. These articles will lead to others.
292
BIBLIOGRAPHY 293
CATHOLIC STANDARDS
“ Moral Theology." By Gury (Latin ). Also by
Peronne (Latin).
“ Compendium of Moral Theology." * By Saint
Alfonso Maria de Liguori. With Notes and Disserta
tions by Joseph Frassinetti, Prior of Santa Sabina de
Genova. Translated from the fourth Italian edition , re
vised by the author, and augmented with various appen
dices, by Ldo. D . Ramon Maria Garcia Abad , Canonigo
Doctoral of the Holy Cathedral Church of Lugo. With
license of the ecclesiastical authority . Third Spanish
edition . Madrid. Catholic Library of Gregorio del Amo.
Calle de la Paz. Number 6 . 1889.
" Liguori ” is also in Latin . It may require some
difficulty to get it, however .
“ A Course of Religious Instruction." Apologetic,
Dogmatic and Moral. For the use of Colleges and
Schools. By the Rev. Father F. X . Schouppe. Of the
Society of Jesus. Translated from the French .
“ The Catechism of the Council of Trent." Published
by command of Pope Pius Fifth . Translated into English
by the Rev. J. Donovan , Professor, etc., Royal College,
Maynooth, New York. The Catholic Publication Society.
“ Larger Catechism ." * By Pius X . Spanish . Cate
cismo Mayor. Segunda parte del Compendio de la
Doctrina Cristiana. Para las clases Superiores. Prescrito
BIBLIOGRAPHY 295
por La Santidad del Papa Pio X . A las Diocesis de la
Provincia de Roma. Version Castellana. Con aprobacion
pontificia . (Tercera edicion revisada)Madrid . Imprenta
Iberica. E . Maestre . Calle de las Pozas, 12. 1908.
• Ripalda's Catechism ." * Catecismo de Ripalda con
Un Apendice Donde Brevement se Exponen y Refutan los
Errores Modernos. Por otro Padre de la Compañia de
Jesus. Barcelona — 1910. Libreria y Tipografia Catolica.
Pino 5 .
“ Mazo's Catechism ." * El Catecismo de la Doctrina
Cristiana. Explicado, o explicaciones del Astete que con
vienen tambien al Ripalda, por el Licenciado D . Santiago
Jose Garcia Mazo , Magistral de la Santa Iglesia Catedral
de Valladolid . Vigésimaprima edicion. . . . Paris,
Libreria de Garnier Hermanos. Sucesores de D . V .
Salvá, Calle de Saints-Perez, No. 6, Mejico, J. M .
Andrade, portal de Agustinos, No. 3. 1864.
“ Deharbe's Large Catechism . " * Translated by a
Father of the Society of Jesus, of the province of Missouri.
From the German edition prepared for the United States .
“ Catechism of Perseverance." * By Rev. F . B. Jam
ison . Fiftieth edition , revised and enlarged .
It is difficult to secure catechismspublished before 1870,
on account of the fact that the decree of infallibility had
not then been promulgated and many of the most eminent
Catholic divines were then opposed to it.
WORKS OF Ex -PRIESTS
“ Fifty Years in the Church of Rome." By Father
Chiniquy. Fleming H . Revell Company.
" Priest, Woman and the Confessional." By the same
author. Fleming H . Revell Company.
“ Roman Catholicism Capitulating Before Protestant
296 APPENDIX
ism ." By G . V . Fradryssa. Southern Publishing Com .
pany, Mobile, Ala. 1908 .
MODERNISM
“ The Gospel and the Church.” By Alfred Loisy.
Scribner's Sons.
“ Letters to His Holiness, Pope Pius X .” By a
Modernist. Published by the Open Court Publishing
Company, Chicago.
“ The Programme of Modernism ." * Published by
G . P. Putnam 's Sons, New York and London.
“ Modernism ." The Jowett Lectures, 1908. By Paul
Sabatier. Scribner's Sons.
CONTROVERSIAL
" Fundamental Ideas of the Roman Catholic Church." *
By Frank Hugh Foster. Published by the Presbyterian
Board of Publication and Sabbath -School Work , Phila
delphia .
“ Plain Reasons Against the Errors and Innovations of
Romanism ." By Richard Frederick Littledale, LL. D .,
D . C . L . Edwin Gorham , New York.
“ Variations of Popery." * By Samuel Edgar. (Prob
ably out of print.)
“ Evangelical Belief." The Prize Essay on the Present
Conflict between Evangelicalism and Sacerdotalism . By
John Broadhurst Nichols. The Religious Tract Society, 56
Paternoster Row and 65th Street, Paul's Churchyard. 1899.
“ Religions of Authority." By Auguste Sabatier.
George Doran Company, New York .
DEBATES
“ A Debate on the Roman Catholic Religion," * held
in the Sycamore Meeting House, Cincinnati, from the 13th
BIBLIOGRAPHY 297
to the 21st of January, 1837. Between Alexander Camp
bell, of Bethany, Va., and the Rt. Rev. John B . Purcell,
Bishop of Cincinnati. Taken down by reporters and re
vised by the parties. Cincinnati. Stereotyped and pub
lished by J. A . James & Co. 1837.
" The Celebrated Controversial Discussion between the
Rev. Thomas Maguire and the Rev. Richard T. P. Pope," *
which took place at the lecture room of the Dublin Insti
tution , where O 'Connell and others presided . A full,
complete and authentic report. D . & J. Sadlier & Co., 31
Barclay Street, New York. 275 Notre Dame Street,
Montreal.
PROTESTANTISM
" Protestant Principles.” By J. Monroe Gibson , D . D .
Geo . H . Doran Company , New York.
" Protestantism : Its Ultimate Principle." By R . W .
Dale , M . A ., LL. D . London . Congregational Union of
England and Wales. Memorial Hall, E . C . 1896 .
BIBLE
" Roman Catholic and Protestant Bibles Compared ." *
The Gould Prize Essays. Edited by Melancthon Williams
Jacobus, D . D ., Dean of Hartford Theological Seminary.
Published by Charles Scribner 's Sons, New York .
“ Doctrine of Sacred Scripture." * By George Trum
bull Ladd. This is a very large work and very thorough.
Few besides ministers could afford to take the time to read
it through. 2 vols. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York .
“ The Bible : Its Origin and Nature." By Marcus
Dods. Charles Scribner's Sons.
“ The Interpretation of the Bible." By George Holly
Gilbert, Ph. D., D . D . The Macmillan Company. 1908.
298 APPENDIX
PRIVATE JUDGMENT
“ Faith and Its Psychology." * By Rev. William R .
Inge, D . D . Published by Scribner's Sons.
“ The Evidence of Christian Experience." By Lewis
French Stearns. Scribner's.
“ The Sources of Religious Insight." By Josiah Royce,
Ph. D ., LL. D ., Professor of the History of Philosophy in
Harvard University. Scribner' s.
“ Religious Aspects of Philosophy." Same author.
Houghton , Mifflin & Co., Boston.
JESUS CHRIST
“ The Person of Christ the Miracle of History." By
Philip Schaff. Charles Scribner 's Sons.
“ Jesus Christ and the Social Question ." By F. G .
Peabody. The Macmillan Company, New York .
POLITICO - ECCLESIASTICAL
“ The Roman Catholic Church in Italy ." * By Alex
ander Robertson , D. D . Sixth edition. London. Morgan
& Scott, Ltd . Office of “ The Christian " 12, Paternoster
Buildings, E . C . 1910.
“ Facing the Twentieth Century." Our Country. Its
Power and Peril. By James M . King, General Secretary
National League for the Protection of American Institu
tions. Eaton & Mains, New York. Jennings & Pye,
Cincinnati .
“ The Footprints of the Jesuits." By R . W . Thompson,
Ex-Secretary of the Navy and author of “ The Papacy and
the Civil Power." Cranston & Curts, Cincinnati. Hunt
& Eaton, New York. 1894.
“ The Pope and the Civil Power." By W . E . Glad .
stone.
BIBLIOGRAPHY 299
“ Prontuario de la Teologia Moral." Por D . N . N .
Presbitero . Colaborador de El Consultor de los Parrocos
(Con aprobacion de la autoridad eclesiastica). Madrid .
Imprenta de la Riva. Alcalá , 7, Bajo . 1872.
“ Directorio Practico del Confesor.” Por el M . I. Sr.
Dr. D . Alejandro Ciolli Canónigo de la Metropolitana
Catedral de Florencia . Traducido de la quinta edición
italiana, por el Rdo. D . Cayetano Soler. Con licencia
eclesiástica. Barcelona Juan Gili, Librero . 223, Calle de
las Cortes. 1901.
CLASSICAL
“ The City of God ." By Augustine. Translated by
John Healy . The Temple Classics. Published by J. M .
Dent & Co. Aldine House, London , W . C . Three small,
cheap volumes. E . P . Dutton , New York.
« The Provincial Letters of Blaise Pascal." A new
translation with Historical Introduction and Notes. By
Rev. Thomas M 'Crie. Edited by O . W . Wight, A . M .
Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston.
“ The Roman Question." By E . About. Translated
from the French by H . C . Coape. D . Appleton &
Company, New York. 1859.
MISCELLANEOUS
“ An Inside View of the Vatican Council." * Published
by the American Tract Society , 150 Nassau Street, New
York . Besides many other very interesting things, it has
the Syllabus of Errors condemned by Pius IX , also the
celebrated speech of Archbishop Kenrick against papal
infallibility .
" Steps of Belief.” By James Freeman Clark . American
Unitarian Association, Boston. 1890 .
300 APPENDIX
“ What is Catholicism ? " By Edmond Scherer. Trans
lated by the Rev. Thomas Alexander Seed . With an In .
troduction by the Rev . R . F. Horton, M . A ., D . D .
E . P. Dutton & Company, New York . Grant Richards,
9 Henrietta Street, CoventGarden , W . C ., London. 1900.
Index
NOTE : — The analyses of the Syllabus, the Tridentine
decrees and the Appendix to Ripalda deal only with those
portions of said documents which are contained in this
treatise .
ABBREVIATIONS: 106 ; Secular, subordinate to
Creed.— The Creed of Pius IV Rome,238,239, 246– 248, 291
Prop :- Proposition in Sylla
bus of Errors BANCROFT, GEORGE, Tolerance
Ripalda. - Appendix to the of Rome explained by , 132
Catechism of Ripalda BAPTISM : Adult, 81 ; Faith
Syllabus.- Syllabus of Errors conveyed by, 18 ; Infant, 81 ;
Condemned by Pius IX Salvation by, 224, 225
ABSOLUTION, 92, 93 ( See Con BIBLE : Catholic (Douay Ver
fessional, Syllabus, Trent) sion), 7, 32, 249 ; Comments
ABSOLUTISM , ROMISH : Ave on, by Rome, 29, 31, 35, 150,
nues of, 117 ; Completeness 251- 256 ; Excellences of
of, 114 ; Evils of, 113 Catholic translations of, 33 ;
ABUSES, CATHOLIC, not the real God revealed by, 172 - 175 ;
danger, 164 Holy Spirit necessary to un
ADAPTABILITY OF ROME, Uni derstand the, 74 ; Infallibility
versal, impossible, 151 in commenting on , not used
ANATHEMA, 224 - 229, 232 ( See by Rome, 35 ; Infallibility of
Creed, also Trent) pope condemned by, 50 -61 ;
APOCRYPHA : Catholic estima Interpretation of, requires
tion of, 34 ; Hastings' Dic unanimous consent of fathers,
tionary on , 256 ; Horne's In 214 ; Masses kept in igno
troduction on , 258 ; Prayers rance of, by Rome, 66 ,67 ;
for dead authorized by, 104 Mistakes in Catholic transla
APOSTOLICITY ( See Church ) tions of, 32 ; Salvation as
Ass, Feast of the, 279 - 281 held by Rome not taught in ,
AUTHORITY : Catholic, 16 , 45 ; 45, 80 , 170 ; Study of the,
Christ, of, not technically in recommended, 207 ; Transla
dispute, 15, 191 ; Ecclesias. tion of, by Rome not infalli
tical, complete, 117 - 125 ; ble, 31, 261 ; Versions of,
Papal, 122- 125 ; Priest, of, compared, 31- 34
125 ; Righteousness subverted BISHOPs : Authority of, 235,
by means of Catholic, 168 ; 236 ( See Ripalda) ; Falli .
Sacrament of Orders confers, bility of, 23, 138, 139 ;
301
302 INDEX
Rights
bu s) of, 220 ( See Sylla the, 215 (See Creed ) ; Theory
of the, Catholic, 24 - 26, 147,
BLASPHEMY: Definition of, 162, 215, 216 , 219, 220, 222 ;
given by Christ , 155, 156 ; Theory of the, Protestant, 20 ,
Pope, of, 70 178
BODIES, RELIGIOUS, 117 CONFESSIONAL : Blasphemy of
BOSSUET, 16 the, 97 ; Danger of the, 95
BULL- FIGHT, 281, 282 97 ; Impossibility of thor
Bulls : “ In Coena Domini," oughness in the, 92, 93 ; Ob
139, 277 - 279 ; Significance ligatory, 217 ; Origin of the,
of, 261, 262; “ Unam Sanc 91; Results of the,uncertain ,
tam ,” 120 , 238 93, 94
CONFESSOR, 236 ( See Ripalda )
CAIAPHAS, Infallibility not il. CONFIRMATION, 81
lustrated by, 55 CONWAY, BERTRAND L ., 128,
Casuistry ( See Liguori, also
Analysis of Writingsof, etc.) ;
260, 274
COUNCIL, ECUMENICAL : Con
Coercion and, 131, 132 ; Im stance, Deposition of two
moral, Instances of, 266 – popes by, 71, 72 ; Endorse
270 ; Inquisition , Concerning ment, Papal, necessary to va .
the, 131 ; Oaths, Concerning, lidity of, 41; Functions of,
241, 245, 267 ; Origin of, 116 ; Trent, 214 , 215, 224
200 ; Worship, Concerning, 231, 259- 261 (See Trent) ;
154, 155 Triumph of, over Episcopal
CATHOLICITY ( See Church) system , 72 ; Vatican, 42, 231,
CELIBACY : Priests often un 232 ( See Infallibility)
willing victims of, 156 ; Sub CREEDOF PIUSIV (Ananalysis):
ordination of clergy the object Anathema, A Catholic must
of, 157, 158 pronounce, against all ene
CEREMONIES, Promise of Cath mies of the Church, 215
olics to accept, 214 (See Creed ) ( See Church )
CERTAINTY : Baptism confers, Ceremonies ofthe Church , A
18 ; Catholic may not have, Catholic must vow to re
as to forgiveness, 15 ; Evi ceive and admit the, 214
dence may establish , 19 ( See Church )
CHINIQUY, 96 Church , Holy, Catholic,
CHURCH : Authority of the, Apostolic, Roman, mother
219, 220 , 222 (See Syllabus) ; and mistress, etc., 215 ( See
Ceremonies of the, 214 ; Church)
Commandments of the, 216 , Condemnation , A Catholic
217 ; Condemnation of ene must join with Church in ,
mies of the, 215 ( See Creed ) ; 215 ( See Church )
Force, The, may use, 16 , Images, Honour and venera
120, 219 ( See Syllabus); tion due to , 215
Four Notes of the, 19, 142, Indulgences, Use of, whole
143, 200, 201 ; Kings subject some, 215 ( See Trent)
to, 222 ; Peter not head of,51 Mass, A true sacrifice offered
61; Salvation , No, outside of in the, 214 (See Trent)
INDEX 303
Nicene Creed , Creed of Pius EVASIVENESS, Rome guilty of,
IV an enlargement of the, 154 ( See Casuistry )
213, 216 EXCOMMUNICATION, Difference
Pope,Obedience promised to , between Protestant and Cath
215 ; Supremacy and in olic , 17
fallibility of, 215 EXTREME UNCTION, 104, 105
Purgatory, Prayers for those
in , 215 FALLIBILITY , CATHOLIC ( See
Sacraments, The seven , grace Infallibility) ; Authorization
conferred by , 214 of, by infallible utterances,
Scripture, Holy , to be inter 38 ; Doctrine of, an old Cath
preted as Church inter olic theory, 46 ; Galileo con
prets, 214 demned authoritatively by,
Traditions, Apostolical and 39, 118, 270 - 277 (See Gali
Ecclesiastical, to be re leo) ; Infallibility confused
ceived , 214
Transubstantiation with, 38 ; Protestant fallibil
, A Cath ity inferior to, 38 ; Scripture
olic must believe in , 215, exegesis as given by Rome
216 largely dependent upon , 29
Trent, Council of, Defini FATHER , Condemnation by
tions in general, 214 , 215 ; Christ of Catholic use of the
Definitions of original sin term , 59
and
Tren
justification , 214 ( See FATHERS Unanimous consent
:
t)
CRIMINOLOGY, Science of, im of,
263
35, 36 ; Unreliability of,
possible to Rome, 161 Fraud, Practice of, by Rome,
151
DECREES, PAPAL ( See Infalli
bility) GALILEO ( See Inquisition ) ;
DISPENSATIONS, Dishonesty of, Belief of, Question at issue,
121 ( See Syllabus) not imprudence, 126 , 271
DOUBTS, CATHOLIC, 17, 18, 37, 275 ; Condemnation of, 271
265 ( See Certainty) 273 ; Persecution of, ex
DUPLICITY, Rome guilty of, plained variously, 276 , 277 ;
151- 154 Recantation of, 273 ; Torture
of, not used because of age
EDUCATION , GENERAL, Con and influence, 275 , 276
demned, 160 ( See Ripalda, GIBBONS, CARDINAL ; Confes
also Syllabus) sional explained by, 92 ; Ef.
ENCYCLOPEDIA,CATHOLIC,119, forts of, to adapt Romanism
261, 262, 277, 281, 289 to the United States, 119 ;
ESPIONAGE, Rome generally Infallibility explained by, 43,
practices, 154 65 ; Immorality of the pope
EUCHARIST See Transubstan excused by, 40, 56 ; Opinion
tiation , also Trent) ; Belief of, on scope of infallibility,
in , 217 ; Decrees on , 225 43 ; Pretensions of, as to hon .
227 ; Discussion of, 81 -89 esty of Rome, 28 ; Private
304 INDEX
interpretation impossible ac HOLINESS OF DOCTRINE (See
cording to, 65, 66 ; Teaching Church, also Infallibility)
of, with regard to unbaptized
infants , 152 IDOLATRY, Romish , 108- III
GLADSTONE, Rome on matri. IMAGES, 109, 215
mony explained by, 121 IMMORALITY ( See Liguori, also
GOD : Coöperation with, 202 Analysis of Writings of,
204 ; Design of, Conquest of etc.) ; Authorization of, by
earth by man , 108 ; Evils re Rome, 267 -270 ; Catholic
sulting from pagan notion of, countries cursed by, 162 ;
110 ; Evils resulting from Priests guilty of, 158
Roman notion of, 110 , III ; INDULGENCES ( See Creed, also
Imperſection of, according to Trent) ; Bible does not war
Rome, 196 ; Nature of, mis rant, rol; Decree on , 230,
understood by Rome, 196 ; 231 ; Evils of, to be regu
Personality of, 14 ; Revela lated , 230, 231 ; Mildness of,
tion of, in nature imperfect, as remedies, 103
171; Revelation of, through INFALLIBILITY : Comments in
men , 172 ; Revelation of, Catholic Bibles not guaran
without a hierarchy, 170 ; teed by, 35 ; Conciliar, 41
Supremacy of pope disre INFALLIBILITY, PAPAL :
garded by, 122 Basis of, assumed but not
GOVERNMENT, PLENITUDE OF proven , 61, 124
( See Inquisition ) ; Arbitra Canon law against, 45
riness of, 118 ; Fallibility as Church prevented from in
sumes responsibility for, 120 ; vading rights of princes
Governments, Civil, must by, 40, 138, 219
submit to, 121, 219 - 223 ; Comprehension of decrees
Hierarchy offers machinery authorized by, requires pri.
for exercise of, 115 ; Inqui. vate judgment, 73
sition a natural effect of, 119 ; Decree on, 231, 232
Sacraments a mechanical ex Definition of, 39, 40
pression of, 117 ; Visibility Duplicity of claim to , 70
of Church necessary to, 25, Embarrassment of claim to,
124 , 125 in case ofGalileo, 43
Falsity of claim to , 45-49
Fruits of claim to, 75
HEATHENISM , Romanism sim
ilar to , 109- 112 High-priest of Israel laid no
HERESY: Catholic Encyclo claim to, 51
pedia on , 119 ; Definition of, Holiness of doctrine under
130 ; Suppression of, 141, mined by claim of, 76 , 77
142, 215 ( See Bulls : « In Illustrations of the reverse
Cæna Domini,” “ Unam of, 46 – 48
Sanctam ; ” also see Galileo, Impiety of claim to, 76
Inquisition , Julius II, Per Importance of, to system , 41
secution, Impossibility of, 72 -75
Torture) Ripalda, Syllabus, Impracticability of, 42- 45
HIERARCHY, 115-117, 201 Incapacity a bar to , 55
INDEX 305
Interpretation of decree on, INTENTION : Heretical, Torture
required , 42 for, 137, 283 ; Priest, of,
Interpretation of decrees au must be that of the Church ,
thorized by, required, 36,43 79, 225
Judicial function not exer INTERPRETATION, PRIVATE
cised by , 45 ( See Bible, also Inquisition ) ;
Masses not reached by, 44 Capacity of men for, 181,
Necessity for, not established , 182 ; Earnestness indispen
61 -67 sable to right use of, 182
Opinions differ as to scope of, 187 ; Morality not possible
42, 43 without, 180, 181 ; Rome
Opposition to, by Catholic must appeal to, 14 - 19, 147 ;
theologians, 69-72 Legitimacy of, taught by
Popes contradict each other Christ, 146
concerning, 45-50
Sinfulness of pretension to, JESUITS, 117
67- 72 JESUS Christ : Church, Head
Temporal power authorized of the, 61; God revealed by,
by, 138 179 ; Law summarized by ,
Uncertainty of Vatican de 195 ; Place of, in Protestant
cree on , 42 ism , 179 ; Supremacy of, ad
Unscripturalness of, 50 -61 mitted by Catholic and Prot.
Wickedness, Papal, should estant, 16 , 17
invalidate claim to, 55
INQUISITION :
Authority for, 289, 290 KENRICK , ARCHBISHOP, Oppo .
Belief, Private, object of at. sition of,to papal infallibility,
tack by, 136 , 137, 283 56 - 58
Confession of Rome with re Keys, 190
gard to , 128 - 131
Denial by Rome of being LADD,GEORGE TRUMBULL, 174
guilty party in the, 126 LEA, HENRY CHARLES, 246 ,
Defense of, by Roman apolo. 282
gists, 127 LIBERTY , CONDEMNED (See In
Dogma involved in , 134 - 139 quisition , Ripalda and Sylla
Excuses for, offered byRome, bus) ; Conscience, of, 123,
126 , 127 234, 235 ; Press, of the, 123,
Explanation of, by Catholic 234, 235 ; Thought, of, 123,
writers, 127, 128 219 ; Worship, of, 123, 234,
Galileo punished by, 126 235
Infamy of, 137 LIGUORI,ALFONSO : Philosophy
Necessity for, according to of, vile, 95, 96 ; Uncertain .
Rome, 123– 125, 127, 142, ties described by, 265 ; Writ
289- 291 ings of, declared free from
Responsibility of Rome for, error, 264
144 LIGUORI, ALFONSO (An analy .
Torture introduced into,by In sis of writings as quoted in
nocent IV, 130 (See Torture) this book ):
306 INDEX
Attrition
80
, Sufficiency of, 79, properly translated, 98, 99 ;
Works of, 98 - 101
Betting, Authority for, 269 PENOLOGY, Science of, impossi.
Compensation, Secret, Right ble to Rome, 161
to practice, 267 PERSECUTION : Protestant, may
Confessional, Dangers of, 96 be repented of, 134 ; Sylla
Confessors , Ignorance of, 265 bus of Errors requires, 122,
Fasts, Refinements concern . 123 ( See Inquisition )
ing, 266 PETER , APOSTLE : Prominence
Infallibility, Sphere of, 42 of, due to his spirituality,
Infants unbaptized, Condi 187 ; Supremacy of, a falla
tion of, 152 cious doctrine, 53- 58
Lawof,, 37Doubiful, Binding force PHILANTHROPY, Science of,
'impossible to Rome, 160
Lotteries, Legitimacy of, 269 PHILOSOPHY, Subjection of, to
Lying, Refinements on , 239 Church , 218
245, 269 POPE : Benedict IX , 71; Bene
dict XIII, 71 ; Boniface
MARY, VIRGIN : God less ten VIII, 46 , 238 ; Callistus, 46 ;
der than , 113, 114 , 198 ; Catholics must submit to,
Merits of, not transferable, 215 ; Clement VIII, 33, 34 ;
102; Worship of, demoraliz Felix II, 46; Gregory XII,
ing, 113, 114 47 ; Hadrian VI, 46 ; Hono
MARYLAND, Liberal laws of, rius I, 48- 50 ; Identification
132- 134 of, 44 ; Infallibility of, 39–77 ;
MASONRY, Condemnation of, Innocent III, 45; John XXII,
160 , 233 47 ; John XXIII, 44, 71;
Mass, 89, 214 ( See Transub Julius II, 246 ; Leo II, 49 ;
on
stantiati ) Leo XIII, 50 ; Liberius, 46 ;
MATRIMONY ? Catholic doctrine Loneliness of, 199 ; Martin
of, 106 , 107 , 120 , 121, 222, V , 72 ; Murder of heretics
223, 228, 229 ; Civil, con authorized by, 143 ; Nicholas
demned as base concubinage, III, 47 ; Obedience to, 215 ;
160 , 237 ; Evils resulting Opinions of, contradictions,
from Catholic doctrine of, 47 - 50 ; Pelagius II, 47 ;
106 , 107 Pius IV (See Creed of) ; Pius
“ MORTU PROPRIO " of 1910 ,69 IX ( See Syllabus of) ; Pius
X , 98, 104 , 108 , 153 ; Power
NICENE CREED, 213, 216 (See of, to exempt from certain
Creed ) divine precepts, 136 , 267 ;
Power ,Temporalof, 121, 122;
ORDERS : Sacrament of, 228 ; Sixtus V , 33 ; Supremacy of,
Validity of hierarchy depends 215 ; Truths taught by, no
benefit to himself, 199 ; Vig
upon, 105, 106 ilius,47 ; Wickedness of, 67
PENANCE : Decrees on , 227, 71; Zephrynus, 46 ; Zosi.
mus, 47
228 ; Greek word for, im - PRIESTS : Authority of, 122 ;
INDEX 307
Fallibility of, 23, 24, 37 ; papers may be prohibited
Goodness of, due largely to by, 235, 236
Protestantism , 158 ; Immo Catholic-Liberals, Catholics
rality of, logical, 96, 97, 158 ; may not be, 235
Immunity of, from military Confessor, Reading of the
service, 220 ; Oaths of,68 ,69 faithful to be regulated by,
PROTESTANTISM ( See Bible) ; 236
Bible basis of, 172- 175 ; Governments, Catholic re
Christ honoured by, 179 ; ligion to be proſessed by,
Church , Place of according 235
to, 178, 179 ; Condemnation Liberalism , Condemnation of
of, by Rome, 219, 232 ; (i.e., Liberty of conscience,
Forth-teller, Place of,in , 175; of the press and ofworship ),
Holy Spirit life-giver accord 233 -236
ing to, 180 ; Interpretation , Masonry, Condemnation of,
Private, required in , 14, 171 ; 233
Justification by faith a vital Matrimony, Civil, Condem
doctrine of, 184 ; Meditation nation of, 237
a great factor in , 183; Min Press, Liberal, Definition of,
istry of, 189- 191 ; Obligation 235, 236
of Rome to, 162, 163; Per Protestantism , Condemnation
sonality chief thing in , 187 ; of, 232
Rome compared with , 13, 14, Socialists, Condemnation of,
16, 17, 162, 163, 171, 176 , 233
204 ; Sacraments of, 194 ; State, Catholic Church must
Sincerity required by, 183 ; controlthe, 234
Unity of, with Rome impos Vote, Catholics required to
sible, 164 loyally cast their, 236
PROTESTANTS, Catholics not to Rock : Word, Catholic inter
be condemned by, 28, 207 pretation of the, 53 - 58 ;
PURCELL, BISHOP : Fraudulent Word, Protestant interpreta
methods of, 153 ; Marriage tion of the, 189, 190
contaminates, According to,
157 SACRAMENTALS, 78 , 262
SACRAMENTS, 24, 78, 80 , 197,
RELIGION, 13, 218, 223 ( See 198, 214 , 224, 225 ( See Bap
Bible, Protestantism , Wor tism , Confirmation, Eucha
ship) rist, Extreme Unction , Matri
Relics, Evils of use of, 109 mony, Orders, Penance)
REPENTANCE : Thorough , not SALVATION : Notion of, Cath
necessary where sacrament olic, contrary to Scripture,
is used , 79; Translation of 124, 154 ; Love unnecessary
Greek word for, incorrect, 98– in order to, 80, 224 ; Un
100 certainty of, according to
RESTRICTIONS, Mental, 267 Rome, 148 ; View of, Prot
RIPALDA , APPENDIX TO CATE. estant, 183- 195
CHISM OF (An analysis) : SCHAFF, PHILIP, 45, 71, 217,
Bishops, Reading of liberal 224
308 INDEX
SCHOOLS, 221 (See Education ,
also Syllabus)
Force, Right of Church to
use, 219 ; prop . 24
Sin90,: 191
Notion of, Catholic, 89,
; View of, Protestant,
Government, Civil, Freedom
of Church from , 219 ; prop.
100, 101 ( See Confessional) 19
SKEPTICISM , Romanism pro Kings, Exemption of, from
duces, 169 Church and superiority to
SOCIALISM , Condemnation of, Church , condemned , 222 ;
160, 233 (See Ripalda) prop. 54
SUFFERING, Catholic doctrine Law , Civil, Inferiority of, to
of, 100 ecclesiastical, 220 ; prop .42
SUPERSTITION, Rome naturally Marriage : Authority of state
produces, 22, 112, 113, 149 over Church in regard to ,
SYLLABUS OF ERRORS CON condemned, 223 ; prop.
DEMNED BY Pius IX (An 71 ; Civil contract of, in
analysis) : ' valid , 223 ; prop. 73 ;
Abuses of Rome, Civil power Civil jurisdiction over, con
not to correct, 220 ; prop . demned, 223 ; prop . 74 ;
41 Diriment impediments to ,
Bishops, Right of, to promul. Power of Rome to declare,
gate apostolic letters, 220 ; 222; props. 68, 69, 70 ;
prop. 28 Indissolubility of, 222 ;
Church : Authority of, above prop . 67 ; Nature of, a
civil government, 219 ; sacrament, 222 ; props, 65,
prop. 20 ; Immunity of, 66
not derived from civil law , Orders, Religious, Civil gov .
220 ; prop. 30 ; Separation ernment may not suppress,
of, from state , condemned , 221, 222 ; prop. 53
222; prop. 55 ; Temporal Philosophy, Subjection of, to
authority of, not revocable Rome, 218 ; props. 10, 11
by the civil government, Pontiff, Interruption of the
219 ; prop . 25 faithful in their communi.
Churches, National, must cations with, not to be tol
have authority of Rome, erated , 221 ; prop. 49
220 ; prop . 37 Power, Civil : Control of, by
Clergy, Immunity of, a Rome agreed on by Cath
natural right, 320 ; prop. olics, 223 ; prop . 75 ; Do
32 minion over, by priests,
Courts, Ecclesiastical, not to 219, 220 ; prop. 27 ; Nul
be abolished , 220 ; prop. 31 lification of concordats by,
Dispensations, Nullification condemned , 220 , 221 ;
of, by civil government, prop. 43 ; Progress does
condemned , 220 ; prop . 29 not require abolishment of
Dogma, Freedom of Church Rome's control over, 223 ;
in defining, 219 ; prop. 21 prop. 76
of the original eighty propositions only forty-seven are considered in this
work .
INDEX 309
Princes,Rights of,notusurped Baptism conferred by here
by Rome, 219 ; prop . 23 tics, Validity of, 225
Progress, Pope need notagree Eucharist : Body and blood
· with , 223, 224 ; prop. 80 of Christ contained in, 225 ;
Property, Right of Church to Bread used in , remains
acquire, 219 ; prop. 26 true body of Lord after
Protestantism , Condemnation communion , 226 ; Confes
of, 219 ; prop . 18 sion necessary in order to
Religion, Freedom of, con partake of, 226 , 227 ; Host
demned, 218, 223; props. to be borne in solemn pro
15, 77 , 78 , 79 cession in celebration of,
Revelation , Divine, not pro 226 ; Whole Christ con
gressive, 218 ; prop. 5 tained in each species and
Salvation , No hope for, out every part of, 226
side of Rome, 218 ; prop. Indulgences, Abuses of, to
17 be abolished or regulated ,
Schools, Control of, by state, 230 , 231
condemned, 221 ; props. Justification , Faith not the
_.45, 47, 48 only condition of, 224
Thought, Liberty of, con Mass, Sacrament of, a true
demned, 219 ; props. 16 ,23 sacrifice, 228
Matrimony : Priests may not
TEMPORAL POWER, 121 (See contract, 229 ; Religious
Syllabus) order, Entering, absolves
TORTURE, 130, 137, 246, 275, contracting parties from ,
282 – 288 (See Inquisition ) 229 ; Rome claimsright to
TRADITION , 29, 30, 214 change laws of Leviticus
TRANSUBSTANTIATION : as to affinity and consan
Belief in , required, 214 guinity in order to, 228 ,
Bodies of Christ according to, 229
82 Orders, Sacrament of : Holy
Body of Christ in, literally Ghost conferred by , 228 ;
eaten , 82 Power of transubstantiation
Doctrine of, typically Cath
olic, 88, 89
conferred by, 228
Penance : Priest may enjoin
Food value according to, due works ofor individualmay
to accidents, 82, 84 voluntarily undertake,227 ;
Implications of, 85 -88 Sacrament of, a judicial
Interpretation of Scripture act, 227 ; Worship True,
according to, requires liter and nota tradition ofmen,
alism , 82, 83 228
Metaphysics, Absurdity of, as Purgatory , Souls detained in ,
used concerning, 84, 85 helped by suffrages of faith
Results of, 84, 86 , 87 ful, 229, 230
TRENT, COUNCIL OF (An anal Sacraments in general, 224,
ysis) : 225 ; Grace mechanically
Absolution,
dicial act,
Nature of, a ju conveyed by, 225 ; Validity
227 of, not hindered by mortal
310 INDEX
sin in minister, 225 ; Va WATSON, TOM , 96
lidity of, requires right in WORSHIP ( See Bible, also Prot
tention of priest, 225 estantism ) ; Catholicism in
Salvation , Faith but not love terſeres with , 88 ; Elements
necessary to, 224 in, according to Rome, 78 ;
Sin, Guilt of, to be removed Evils produced by Rome's
by baptism , 224 notion of, 112, 113 ; Hier.
archy should control, 233
“ UNANIMOUS CONSENT," Mean 235 ( See Heresy, also Sylla
ing of the term , uncertain , bus) ; Morality nourished by
23, 35 genuine, 192-195 ; Purpose
of, real, 107 ; Unity of, as
VACANDARD, 128 -131 claimed by Rome, 113
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