КПб-1-20-4.

0д Kats Valeria

Practical work 31

Theme: Personality 

1. What is personality?

My favourite definition of ‘personality’ comes from humanistic theory, and it sounds like this:

personality is person who would continually aim to fulfil his or her potential and have such traits

and tendencies as a growing openness to experience, freedom of choice, creativity, reliability,

constructiveness and rich full life.

2. Write as many words describing personality of a person as possible.

Fearlessness, loyalty, hospitality, altruism, selflessness, nobility, selfishness, cowardice,

weakness, punctuality, truthfulness, openness, seriousness, severity, hard work, honesty,

dignity, a sense of humour, pessimism, jealousy, sentimentality, uncommunicativeness,

unkindness, ruthlessness, boldness, envy, greed, hard work, precision, tolerance, emotionality.

3. What factors influence personality the most?

There are three factors that forming personality such as social environment, biological factor and

activity of the personality itself

READING

1 What is the origin of the term "personality"? What does this word mean?

The word personality has its origins in the Latin word ‘persona’ which translates to ‘mask.’

2. What does personality psychology study?

Personality psychology study the nature and definition of personality as well as its development, its
structure and trait constructs, its dynamic processes, its variations, and its maladaptive forms. 

3. Who was Hippocrates? What was his contribution into psychology?

Hippocrates was a physician in Greece who theorised that personality traits and human behaviours are
based on four temperaments associated with four distinct bodily fluids known as ‘humors.’

4.What is humorism?
Humorism is a system of medicine about the makeup and workings of the human body. It proposed that
an individual’s personality was the result of the balance of these four humors, as yellow bile, black bile,
phlegm, blood.

5. What personality types do you know? Describe them.

There are four personality type: choleric (dominant & short-tempered), melancholic (quiet & reflective),
phlegmatic (calm & agreeable), sanguine (cheerful & energetic)

LISTENING

Method Correspondent statement

A - extrovert I prefer going to the party, not reading books
A – optimistic I supposed that my future will be good
A - aggressive I solve the problem by talling people what to
do.
1 What is the difference between an extrovert and an introvert?

An extrovert is an outgoing and outspoken person who enjoys being around and talking to people. An
introvert is a person who remains isolated, or enjoys the company of few closed ones.

2 What are some common types of dispositions?

Optimistic/ pessimistic, aggressive/ passive

3 What qualities describe a person's interactions with other people? 

Qualities that describe a person's interactions with other people is level of his sociability,
responsiveness, his posture, gestures, facial expressions, etc.