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Must Know-Biology Last Part
Must Know-Biology Last Part
(Topics: Enzymes, Cell Transport, Cell Tonicity, Photosynthesis, Plant Physiology, Photoperiodism, Biomes,
Ecological Succession, R/K Selection etc)
1. Enzymes
-hastens up the reaction by lowering the activation energy of a certain chemical process w/o using up
itself in the catalysis; have high catalytic efficiency.
Inhibitors
-they inhibits the progression of a certain chemical reactions by increasing its activation energy
5. Cellular Transport 1/2
Active Transport
- requires the usage of energy (ATP).
i.e Na+ - K+ pump transport-3 molecules Na+ are expelled out to the extracellular environment in
exchange for 2 K+ ions
6. Cellular Transport 2/2
Passive Transport
-does not require energy expenditure from the cell; moves materials across membrane using the
concentration gradient.
7. Agglutination
-clumping of antigen-antibody complexes; occurs when incompatible blood types were mixed.
Coagulation
-process by which body prevents the loss of blood; aka blood clotting.
8. Blood Pigments 1/2
Hemoglobin
-contains iron and has four heme groups to which four oxygen atoms can bind; bright red in oxygenated
and dull red in deoxygenated state.
Chlorocruoin
-contains iron and can bind up to four oxygen; green in both state.
9. Blood Pigments 2/2
Haemocyanin
-has two copper ions that combines with one oxygen atom; colorless when deoxygenated and light blue in
oxygenated state.
Haemerythrin
-contains several atoms can carry one oxygen molecule; colorless when deoxygenated and purple when
oxygenated
Hypotonic solution
-low concentration of solute than of the cell; water moves in the cell.
Hypertonic solution
-high concentration of solute than of the cell; water moves out the cell.
Isotonic solution
-equal concentration; no net water movement.
Light-Dependent Reaction
-synthesizes ATP & NADPH to serve as fuel in the Calvin Cycle
Calvin Cycle
-uses up CO2 converting it into RUBISCO and making glucose out of it
14. Light Dependent Reaction occurs in the thylakoids while Calvin Cycle occurs in the stroma of the
chloroplast.
15. Light vs Dark(Calvin Cycle) Reaction
A-Antagonistic
S-Synergistic
-Nothing Follows-