Genap

Nama Kelompok :

1. Alfyana Hidayanti (K2320007)

2. Alma Dias Rahmawati (K2320009)
3. Azza Arba Nurul Ummah (K2320018)
4. Binti Mustamiul Azizah (K2320022)

SECTION 4

2) Gunakan Diferensial untuk menunjukkan bahwa untuk n besar dan a kecil dari
𝒂
√𝒏 + 𝒂 − √𝒏 ≅ 𝟐√𝒏 . Temukan nilai yang mungkin dari √𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟔 + 𝟓 − √𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟔

Penyelesaian :

𝑑𝑓
𝑑𝑓 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥

1 1
𝑑𝑓 = 𝑑(√𝑥) = 𝑑𝑥
2 √𝑥

𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑛 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎

1 1
𝑑𝑓 = × 𝑎
2 √𝑥

𝑎
√𝑛 + 𝑎 − √𝑛 ≅
2 √𝑛

𝑑𝑖𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑘𝑎𝑛 √1026 + 5 − √1026

𝑛 = 1026 , 𝑎 = 5

𝑎 5
=
2 √𝑛 2√1026

√1026 + 5 − √1026 ≅ 2,5 × 10−13

4𝜋 2 𝑡
6) Diketahui : 𝑔 = 𝑇2

Relative eror in l = 5% = 0,05

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Relative eror in T = 2% = 0,02

Ditanya : nilai kesalahan relative g
Penyelesaian :
In g = ln 4𝜋 2 + ln l – 2 ln T
𝑑𝑔 𝑑𝑙 𝑑𝑇
= −2
𝑔 𝑙 𝑇
𝑑𝑔 𝑑𝑙 𝑑𝑇
|𝑔| = | 𝑙 | − 2| 𝑇 |

= 0,05 + 2 (0,02)

= 0,05+0,04

= 0,09
= 9%
𝐽𝑎𝑑𝑖, 𝑛𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑖 𝑘𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑎ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑓 𝑔 𝑠𝑒𝑏𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑟 9%
10) A force of 500 nt is measured with a possible error of 1 nt. Its component in a
direction 60◦ away from its line of action is required, where the angle is subject to an
error of 0.5◦. What is (approximately) the largest possible error in the component ?

Penyelesaian:

1 𝑛𝑡 0.5◦
Kesalahan relatif = (500 𝑛𝑡 + ) × 100%
60◦

1 5
=( + ) × 100%
500 600
6 + 25
=( ) × 100%
3000
31
= %
30
= 1,033%

Besar kesalahan relatif = 1,033% x 500 nt

= 5,15 nt

SECTION 5

4) Diketahui 𝐱 = 𝐈𝐧(𝐔𝟐 + 𝐕 𝟐 ), 𝐮 = 𝐓 𝟐 , 𝐯 = 𝐂𝐨𝐬 𝐓, 𝐭𝐞𝐦𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐧 𝐝𝐱/𝐝𝐭!

Penyelesaian :
 Genap

∂x ∂x Dx ∂x Du ∂x Dv
Dx = Du + Dv ⇒ = + (1)
∂u ∂v Dt ∂u Dt ∂v Dt

X = In(U 2 + V 2 ), u = T2 , v = Cos T

∂x ∂(In(U 2 − V 2 )) 2u
= = 2
∂u ∂u U − V2

∂x ∂(In(U 2 − V 2 )) −2v
= = 2
∂u ∂q U − V2

Du D(T 2 )
= = 2t
Dt Dt

Dv D(Cos(T))
= = −sin (t)
Dt Dt

Subtitusikan Kembali ke persamaan 1

Dx 2u −2v 4ut + 2v Sin(T)

= 2 2
× 2t + 2 2
× −si N(T) = (2)
Dt U − V U −V U2 − V2

𝐝𝐱 𝟒𝐮𝐭+𝟐𝐯 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝐭)
Jadi nilai =
𝐝𝐭 𝐮𝟐 −𝐯 𝟐

6) Given 𝒛 = (𝒙 + 𝒚)𝟓 , 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟏𝟎𝒙, find 𝒅𝒛/𝒅𝒙

𝑑𝑧(𝑥, 𝑦) 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝑑𝑦
= + … … … … … … (1)
𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝜕𝑧 𝜕((𝑥 + 𝑦)5 )
= = 5(𝑥 + 𝑦)4
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝑧 𝜕((𝑥 + 𝑦)5 )
= = 5(𝑥 + 𝑦)4
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑(Sin 10𝑥)
= = 10 Cos(10𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Subtitusikan Kembali ke persamaan 1
𝑑𝑧(𝑥, 𝑦) 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝑑𝑦
= + = 5(𝑥 + 𝑦)4 + 50 (𝑥 + 𝑦)4 Cos(10𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑧
= 5(𝑥 + 𝑦)4 (1 + Cos(10𝑥))
𝑑𝑥
𝒅𝒛
𝑱𝒂𝒅𝒊 = 𝟓(𝒙 + 𝒚)𝟒 (𝟏 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝟏𝟎𝒙))
𝒅𝒙
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SECTION 6

4) Jika 𝒙𝒆𝒚 = 𝒚𝒆𝒙 , temukan 𝒅𝒚/𝒅𝒙 dan 𝒅𝟐 𝒚/𝒅𝒙𝟐 Untuk 𝒚 ≠ 𝟏

Penyelesaian:
𝑥𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑦𝑒 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑥
𝑒 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑒 + 𝑦𝑒 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑥
𝑥𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑒 = 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
(𝑥𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑥 ) = 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑦
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑥
𝑒𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 −
= 𝑒𝑥
𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑒 − 1
𝑒𝑥
𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑦−𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑦 − 1
𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦(𝑥 − 1)
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥(𝑦 − 1)
𝑑𝑦
𝑥(𝑦 − 1) = 𝑦(𝑥 − 1)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦(𝑥 − 1)
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥(𝑦 − 1)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(𝑦 − 1) + 𝑥 ( ) + 𝑥(𝑦 − 1) 2 = (𝑥 − 1) +𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
Mensubstitusi 𝑑𝑥 Untuk mendapatkan 𝑑𝑥 2
2
𝑦(𝑥 − 1) 𝑦(𝑥 − 1) 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑦(𝑥 − 1)
(𝑦 − 1) ( )+𝑥( ) + 𝑥(𝑦 − 1) 2 = (𝑥 − 1) + ( )+𝑦
𝑥(𝑦 − 1) 𝑥(𝑦 − 1) 𝑑𝑥 𝑥(𝑦 − 1)
𝑑2𝑦 𝑦(𝑥 − 1)2 𝑦 𝑦(𝑥 − 1) 𝑦 2 (𝑥 − 1)2
= + − −
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥 2 (𝑦 − 1)2 𝑥(𝑦 − 1) 𝑥 2 (𝑦 − 1) 𝑥 2 (𝑦 − 1)3
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑦(𝑥−1)2 (𝑦−1)+𝑦𝑥(𝑦−1)2 −𝑦(𝑥−1)(𝑦−1)2 −𝑦 2 (𝑥−1)2
𝑑𝑥 2
= 𝑥 2 (𝑦−1)3
 Genap

𝑑2 𝑦 −𝑦(𝑥−1)2 +𝑦(𝑦−1)2
=
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥 2 (𝑦−1)3

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑦[(𝑦−1)2 −(𝑥−1)2 ]
=
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥 2 (𝑦−3)2

𝑑2𝑦 𝑦[𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + 1 − 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1]
=
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥 2 (𝑦 − 1)3
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑦(𝑦−𝑥)(𝑦+𝑥−2)
=
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥 2 (𝑦−1)3

𝑑𝑦 𝑦(𝑥−1) 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑦(𝑦−𝑥)(𝑦+𝑥−2)
Jadi hasil dari 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥(𝑦−1) Dan 𝑑𝑥 2 = 𝑥 2 (𝑦−1)3

6. If 𝒙𝒚𝟑 − 𝒚𝒙𝟑 = 𝟔 is the equation of a curve, find the 𝒅𝟐 𝒚/𝒅𝒙𝟐 At the poin (1,2).
Penyelesaian :
• Turunan pertama :
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
: 𝑦 3 + 𝑥 3𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 − (𝑑𝑥 . 𝑥 3 − 𝑦 3𝑥 2 ) = 0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑦 3 + 3 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 – 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑥 2 =0

• Subtitusi 1,2 :
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
23 + 3.1. 22 − 13 − 3. 12 . 2 = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
8 + 12 − −6=0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
11 +2=0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2
=−
𝑑𝑥 11
• Turunan kedua :
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦
2
= ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦2
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦 2
𝑑2𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦 3
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
= 3𝑦 + 6𝑦 𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 3𝑦 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 −𝑥 2
− 6𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
• Subtitusi 1,2 :
2 2 2 2 𝑑2 𝑦 2 𝑑2 𝑦 2
322 . − 11 + 6.2. (− 11) + 12. − 11 + 12 𝑑𝑥 2 − 3. − 11 − 𝑑𝑥 2 − 6.1.2 − 3.1. − 11 = 0
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24 48 24 𝑑2 𝑦 6 𝑑2𝑦 6
− + 2− + 12 2 + − 2 − 12 + =0
11 11 11 𝑑𝑥 11 𝑑𝑥 11
𝑑2 𝑦 24 48 24 6 6
11 2 = − 2+ − − + 12
𝑑𝑥 11 11 11 11 11
𝑑 2 𝑦 36 48 132
11 2 = − +
𝑑𝑥 11 112 11
𝑑 2 𝑦 396 − 48
11 = + 1452
𝑑𝑥 2 112
𝑑 2 𝑦 1800
=
𝑑𝑥 2 113