Choices Answers Correct: Ref All

Question The error in altimeter readings caused by the variation of the static pressure near the source is known
wn as:
Choices Answers Correct

A instrument error
B hysteresis effect
C position pressure error C
D barometric error
Ref All
Question VFE is the maximum speed:

A with the flaps extended for each approved flap position A
B with the flaps extended in landing position
C at which the flaps can be operated in turbulence
D with the flaps extended in take-off position
INSTRUMENTATION
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - Air Data Instruments
Question VFE is the maximum speed:
Ref All
Question The airspeed indicator of a twin-engine aircraft comprises different sectors and colour marks. The blue
line corresponds to the:
A minimum control speed, or VMC
B maximum speed in operations, or VMO
C optimum climbing speed with one engine inoperative, or Vy C
D speed not to be exceeded, or VNE
Ref All
Question VLE is the maximum:

A speed at which the landing gear can be operated with full safety
B flight speed with landing gear down B
C speed with flaps extended in a given position
D speed authorised in flight
Ref All
Question The primary factor which makes the servo-assisted altimeter more accurate than the simple pressure altimeter
is the use of:
A combination of counters/pointers
B more effective temperature compensating leaf springs
C an induction pick-off device C
D a sub-scale logarithmic function
Ref All
Question The QNH is by definition the value of the:

A altimeter setting so that the needles of the altimeter indicate the altitude of the location for A
which it is given
B atmospheric pressure at the sea level of the location for which it is given
C altimeter setting so that the needles indicate zero when the aircraft is on ground at the
location for which it is provided
D atmospheric pressure at the level of the ground over-flown by the aircraft
INSTRUMENTATION
Ref All
Question VNO is the maximum speed:

A which must never be exceeded
B not to be exceeded except in still air and with caution B
C at which the flight controls can be fully deflected
D with flaps extended in landing position
Ref All
Question A pitot tube covered by ice which blocks the ram air inlet will affect the following instrument(s):

A altimeter only
B airspeed indicator only B
C vertical speed indicator only
D airspeed indicator, altimeter and vertical speed indicator
Ref All
Question A pitot blockage of both the ram air input and the drain hole with the static port open causes the airspeed
indicator to:
A react like an altimeter A
B read a little high
C read a little low
D freeze at zero
Ref All
Question At sea level, on a typical servo altimeter, the tolerance in feet from indicated is:

A +/- 60 feet
B +/- 75 feet
C +/- 30 feet C
D +/- 70 feet
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question If the static source of an altimeter becomes blocked during a descent the instrument will:

A continue to display the reading at which the blockage occurred A
B gradually indicate zero
C under-read
D indicate a height equivalent to the setting on the millibar subscale
Ref All
Question The density altitude is:

A the pressure altitude corrected for the density of air at this point
B the temperature altitude corrected for the difference between the real temperature and the
standard temperature
C the pressure altitude corrected for the relative density prevailing at this point
D the altitude of the standard atmosphere on which the density is equal to the actual density of D
the atmosphere
Ref All
Question In a standard atmosphere and at the sea level, the calibrated airspeed (CAS) is:

A higher than the true airspeed (TAS)
B independent of the true airspeed (TAS)
C equal to the true airspeed (TAS) C
D lower than the true airspeed (TAS)
Ref All
Question VLO is the maximum:

A flight speed with landing gear down
B speed at which the landing gear can be operated with full safety B
C speed with flaps extended in a given position
D cruising speed not to be exceeded except in still air with caution
Ref All
Question The limits of the green scale of an airspeed indicator are:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The limits of the green scale of an airspeed indicator are:

A VS1 for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit
B VS0 for the lower limit and VNO for the upper limit
C VS1 for the lower limit and VNO for the upper limit C
D VS1 for the lower limit and VLO for the upper limit
Ref All
Question If an aircraft is equipped with one altimeter which is compensated for position error and another altimeter
which is not, and all other factors being equal:
A there will be no difference between them if air the data computer is functioning normally
B at high speed, the non-compensated altimeter will indicate a higher altitude B
C At high speed, the non-compensated altimeter will indicate a lower altitude
D ATC will get an erroneous altitude report SSR
Ref All
Question The limits of the yellow scale of an airspeed indicator are:

A VFE for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit
B VLO for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit
C VLE for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit
D VNO for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit D
Ref All
Question The purpose of the vibrating device of an altimeter is to:

A reduce the hysteresis effect
B inform the crew of a failure of the instrument
C allow damping of the measurement in the unit
D reduce the effect of friction in the linkages D
Ref All
Question The calibrated airspeed (CAS) is obtained by applying to the indicated airspeed (IAS):

A and instrument and density correction
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The calibrated airspeed (CAS) is obtained by applying to the indicated airspeed (IAS):
B an antenna and compressibility correction

C an instrument and position/pressure error correction C
D a compressibility and density correction
Ref All
Question The pressure altitude is the altitude corresponding:

A in ambient atmosphere, to the pressure Ps prevailing at this point
B in ambient atmosphere, to the reference pressure Ps
C in standard atmosphere, to the reference pressure Ps
D in standard atmosphere, to the pressure Ps prevailing at this point D
Ref All
Question When descending through an isothermal layer at a constant Calibrated Airspeed (CAS), the True Airspeed (TAS)
will:
A increase at a linear rate
B decrease B
C increase at an exponential rate
D remain constant
Ref All
Question In case of accidental closing of an aircraft's left static pressure port (rain, birds) the altimeter:

A keeps on providing reliable reading in all situations
B over-reads the altitude in case of a side-slip to the right and displays the correct information
during symmetric flight
C over-reads the altitude in case of a side-slip to the left and displays the correct information C
during symmetric flight
D under-reads the altitude
Ref All
Question The airspeed indicator of an aircraft is provided with a moving red and white hatched pointer. This pointer
indicates the:
A maximum speed in VMO operation, versus temperature
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The airspeed indicator of an aircraft is provided with a moving red and white hatched pointer. This pointer
indicates the:
B maximum speed in VMO operation, versus altitude B
C speed indicated on the auto-throttle control box, versus temperature
D speed indicated on the auto-throttle control box versus altitude
Ref All
Question With a pitot probe blocked due to ice build up, the aircraft airspeed indicator will indicate in descent a:

A decreasing speed A
B constant speed
C increasing speed
D fluctuating speed
Ref All
Question The operating principle of the vertical speed indicator (VSI) is based on the measurement of the rate of
change of:
A Kinetic pressure
B Dynamic pressure
C Total pressure
D Static pressure D
Ref All
Question The response time of a vertical speed detector may be increased by adding a:

A return spring
B bimetallic strip
C correction based on an accelerometer sensor C
D second calibrated port
Ref All
Question The vertical speed indicator VSI is fed by:

A differential pressure
B total pressure
C dynamic pressure
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The vertical speed indicator VSI is fed by:
D static pressure D
Ref All
Question The airspeed indicator circuit consists of pressure sensors. The pitot tube directly supplies:

A the total pressure A
B the total pressure and the static pressure
C the static pressure
D the dynamic pressure
Ref All
Question The pressure measured at the forward facing orifice of a pitot tube is the:

A static pressure
B total pressure B
C total pressure plus static pressure
D dynamic pressure
Ref All
Question The hysteresis error of an altimeter varies substantially with the:

A mach number of the aircraft
B time passed at a given altitude B
C aircraft altitude
D static temperature
Ref All
Question The velocity maximum operating (VMO) is a speed expressed in:

A computed airspeed (COAS)
B equivalent airspeed (EAS)
C true airspeed (TAS)
D calibrated airspeed (CAS) D
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question If the static source to an airspeed indicator (ASI) becomes blocked during a descent the instrument will:

A under-read
B read zero
C continue to indicate the speed applicable to that at the time of the blockage
D over-read D
Ref All
Question All the anemometers are calibrated according to:

A Bernoulli's limited formula which takes into account the air compressibility
B St-Venant's formula which takes into account the air compressibility B
C St-Venant's formula which considers the air as an uncompressible fluid
D Bernoulli's limited formula which considers the air as an uncompressible fluid
Ref All
Question If the static source to an altimeter becomes blocked during a climb, the instrument will:

A under-read by an amount equivalent to the reading at the time that the instrument became blocked
B continue to indicate the reading at which the blockage occurred B
C which must never be exceeded
Ref All
Question VNE is the maximum speed:

A at which the flight controls can be fully deflected
B not to be exceeded except in still air and with caution
C which must never be exceeded C
Ref All
Question On board an aircraft the altitude is measured from the:

A density altitude
INSTRUMENTATION
Question On board an aircraft the altitude is measured from the:
B pressure altitude B
C temperature altitude
D standard altitude
Ref All
Question Sound propagate through the air at a speed which only depends on:

A temperature and the pressure
B temperature B
C pressure
D density
Ref All
Question With a constant weight, irrespective of the airfield altitude, an aircraft always takes off at the same:

A ground speed
B calibrated airspeed B
C true airspeed
D equivalent airspeed
Ref All
Question When flying from a sector of warm air into one of colder air, the altimeter will:

A be just as correct as before
B under-read
C over-read C
D show the actual height above ground
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-44)The atmospheric pressure at FL 70 in a STANDARD + 10 atmosphere is:

A 942.85 hPa
B 781.85 hPa B
C 1013.25 hPa
INSTRUMENTATION
Question (Refer to figure 022-44)The atmospheric pressure at FL 70 in a STANDARD + 10 atmosphere is:
D 644.41 hPa
Ref All
Question The altitude indicated on board an aircraft flying in an atmosphere where all the atmosphere layers below
the aircraft are cold is:
A equal to the standard altitude
B the same as the real altitude
C lower than the real altitude C
D higher than the real altitude
Ref All
Question A leak in the pitot total pressure line of a non-pressurised aircraft to an airspeed indicator would cause
it to:
A over-read
B under-read B
C indication will drop to zero
D freeze on the value it indicated at the time of failure
Ref All
Question Today's airspeed indicators (calibrated to the Saint-Venant formula), indicate, in the absence of static
(and instrumental) error:
A The conventional airspeed (CAS) in all case A
B The airspeed, whatever the altitude
C The equivalent airspeed, in all case
D The true airspeed
Ref All
Question The limits of the white scale of an airspeed indicator are:

A VSO for the lower limit and VFE for the upper limit A
B VS1 for the lower limit and VLE for the upper limit
C VSO for the lower limit and VLE for the upper limit
D VS1 for the lower limit and VFE for the upper limit
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The altitude indicated on board an aircraft flying in an atmosphere where all atmosphere layer below the
aircraft are warm is:
A higher than the real altitude A
B lower than the real altitude
C equal to the standard altitude
D the same as the real altitude
Ref All
Question The altimeter consists of one or several aneroid capsules located in a sealed casing. The pressures in the
aneroid capsule (i) and casing (ii) are respectively:
A (i) static pressure (ii) total pressure
B (i) static pressure at time t (ii) static pressure at time t-t
C (i) total pressure (ii) static pressure
D (i) vacuum (or a very low pressure) (ii) static pressure D
Ref All
Question After an aircraft has passed through a volcanic cloud which has blocked the total pressure probe inlet of
the airspeed indicator, the pilot begins a stabilised descent and finds that the indicated airspeed:
A decreases steadily A
B increases steadily
C decreases abruptly towards zero
D increases abruptly towards VNE
Ref All
Question In a non-pressurised aircraft, if one or several static pressure ports are damaged, there is an ultimate
emergency means for restoring a practically correct static pressure intake:
A calculating the ambient static pressure, allowing for the altitude and QNH and adjusting the
instruments
B descending as much as possible in order to fly at a pressure as close to 1013.25 hPa as possible
C slightly opening a window to restore the ambient pressure in the cabin
D breaking the rate-of-climb indicator glass window D
Ref All
Question During a climb after take-off from a contaminated runway, if the total pressure probe of the airspeed
indicator is blocked, the pilot finds that indicated airspeed:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question During a climb after take-off from a contaminated runway, if the total pressure probe of the airspeed
indicator is blocked, the pilot finds that indicated airspeed:
A decreases, abruptly towards zero
B increases steadily B
C increases abruptly towards VNE
D decreases steadily
Ref All
Question The vertical speed indicator of an aircraft flying at a true airspeed of 100 kt, in a descent with a slope
of 3 degrees indicates:
A - 300 feet/min
B - 150 feet/min
C - 250 feet/min
D - 500 feet/min D
Ref All
Question The altimeter is fed by:

A differential pressure
B static pressure B
C dynamic pressure
D total pressure
Ref All
Question Calibrated air speed is:

A IAS plus the pressure error
B IAS plus density error correction
C IAS plus compressibility correction
D IAS plus instrument error correction D
Ref All
Question An aircraft is flying at an indicated altitude of 16,000 ft. The outside air temperature is -30oC. What is
the true altitude of the aircraft?
A 16,200 ft
B 15,200 ft B
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An aircraft is flying at an indicated altitude of 16,000 ft. The outside air temperature is -30oC. What is
the true altitude of the aircraft?
C 18,600 ft
D 13,500 ft
Ref All
Question An aircraft is flying straight and level, over a warm air mass. The altimeter reading will be:

A correct
B greater than the real height
C less than the real height C
D oscillating around the correct height
Ref All
Question A leak in the pitot total pressure line of a non-pressurised aircraft to an airspeed indicator would cause
it to:
A under-read A
B over-read
C over-read in a climb and under-read in a descent
D under-read in a climb and over-read in a descent
Ref All
Question A blocked pitot head with a clear static source causes the airspeed indicator to:

A read like a vertical speed indicator
B react like an altimeter B
C operate normally
D freeze at zero
Ref All
Question A dynamic pressure measurement circuit is constituted of the following pressure probes:

A total pressure and static pressure A
B static pressure only
C total pressure only
D total pressure and standard pressure
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A dynamic pressure measurement circuit is constituted of the following pressure probes:
Ref All
Question A vertical speed indicator measures the difference between:

A the dynamic pressure and the static pressure
B the total pressure and the static pressure
C the total instantaneous pressure and the total pressure at a previous moment
D the instantaneous static pressure and the static pressure at a previous moment D
Ref All
Question An aircraft is equipped with one altimeter that is compensated for position error and another one altimeter
that is not. Assuming all other factors are equal, during a straight symmetrical flight:
A the greater the speed, the greater the error between the two altimeters A
B the greater the speed, the lower the error between the two altimeters
C the lower the speed, the greater the error between the two altimeters
D the error between the two altimeters does not depend on the speed
Ref All
Question An airspeed indicator displays:

A IAS A
B EAS
C CAS
D TAS
Ref All
Question An airspeed indicator includes a capsule; inside this capsule is:

A a very low residual pressure and outside is static pressure
B static pressure and outside is dynamic pressure
C a very low residual pressure and outside is static pressure
D static pressure and outside a very low residual pressure D
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An altimeter contains one or more aneroid capsules. Inside these capsules is:

A dynamic pressure and outside is static pressure
B static pressure and outside is dynamic pressure
C a very low residual pressure and outside is static pressure C
D static pressure and outside a very low residual pressure
Ref All
Question An aneroid capsule:
1) measures differential pressure

Choices
2) measures absolute pressure
3) is used for low pressure measurement
4) is used for very high pressure measurement
The combination regrouping all the correct statements is:
Answers Correct
A 1, 3
B 2, 3 B
C 2, 4
D 1, 4
Ref All
Question Assuming that the CAS remains constant, if the total pressure probe is blocked, the IAS:

A remains constant during level flight, decreases during a climb and increases during a descent
B remains constant during level flight, increases during a climb and decreases during a descent B
C increases during level flight, remains constant during a climb and a descent
D remains constant during all the phases of the flight
Ref All
Question Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) is obtained from Indicated Air Speed (IAS) by correcting for the following
errors:
Choices 1) position
2) compressibility
3) instrument
4) density
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) is obtained from Indicated Air Speed (IAS) by correcting for the following
errors:
1) position
2) compressibility
3) instrument
4) density
Answers Correct
A 2,3,4
B 3, 4
C 1,3,4
D 1, 3 D
Ref All
Question Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) is obtained from Indicated Air Speed (IAS) by correcting for the:

A instrument error
B position and instrument errors B
C density error
D position and density errors
Ref All
Question Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) is:

A Indicated Air Speed (IAS) corrected for compressibility error
B Indicated Air Speed (IAS) corrected for position and instrument errors B
C Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) corrected for density error
D Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) corrected for compressibility and density errors
Ref All
Question CAS can be obtained from the following data:

A TAS and pressure altitude
B EAS and density altitude
INSTRUMENTATION
Question CAS can be obtained from the following data:
C EAS and pressure altitude C

D TAS and density altitude
Ref All
Question Concerning the airspeed indicator, IAS is:

A the indicated reading on the instrument A
B the indicated reading on an instrument presumed to be perfect
C the indicated airspeed corrected for instrument and position errors
D the indicated airspeed corrected for instrument error only
Ref All
Question Considering an airspeed indicator, a second stripped needle, if installed, indicates:

A never-exceed speed (VNE) or maximum operating speed (VMO), depending on which is the higher
B never-exceed speed (VNE)
C never-exceed speed (VNE) or maximum operating speed (VMO), depending on which is the lowest
D maximum operating speed (VMO) D
Ref All
Question Considering the relationship between CAS and EAS:

A EAS may be lower or greater than CAS, depending on density altitude
B EAS is always greater than or equal to CAS
C EAS may be lower or greater than CAS, depending on pressure altitude
D EAS is always lower than or equal to CAS D
Ref All
Question Due to its conception, the altimeter measures a:

A temperature altitude
B density altitude
C pressure altitude C
D true altitude
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Due to its conception, the altimeter measures a:
Ref All
Question During descent, the total pressure probe of the airspeed indicator becomes blocked. In this case:
1) IAS becomes greater than CAS

Choices
2) IAS becomes lower than CAS
3) Maintaining IAS constant, VMO may be exceeded
4) Maintaining IAS constant, aircraft may stall
Answers Correct
A 2, 4
B 2, 3 B
C 1, 3
D 1, 4
Ref All
Question . Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) is obtained from Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) by correcting for the following
errors:
Choices 1) position
2) compressibility
3) instrument
4) density
Answers Correct
A 2, 4
B 4
C 2 C
D 1,2,3,4
Ref All
Question Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) is obtained from Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) by correcting for:

A compressibility error A
B position error
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) is obtained from Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) by correcting for:
C instrument error
D density error
Ref All
Question . Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) is obtained from Indicated Air Speed (IAS) by correcting for the following
errors:
Choices 1) instrument
2) position
3) density
4) compressibility
Answers Correct
A 1,2,3
B 1,2,4 B
C 1, 2
D 1,2,3,4
Ref All
Question Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) is:

A True Air Speed (TAS) corrected for compressibility error
B Indicated Air Speed (IAS) corrected for compressibility error
C Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) corrected for density error
D Indicated Air Speed (IAS) corrected for position, instrument and compressibility errors D
Ref All
Question Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) is:

A Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) corrected for compressibility error A
B Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) corrected for density error
C True Air Speed (TAS) corrected for compressibility error
D True Air Speed (TAS) corrected for compressibility and density errors
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question For TAS calculations, the ADC uses the following parameters:
1) SAT
Choices
2) TAT
3) Static pressure
4) Total pressure

Answers Correct
A 1,2,3,4
B 2,3,4 B
C 3, 4
D 1,3,4
Ref All
Question Given:
Pt = total pressure
Choices
Ps = static pressure
Pd = dynamic pressure
Answers Correct
A Pd = Pt + Ps
B Pt = Pd + Ps B
C Ps = Pt + Pd
D Pd = Pt/Ps
Ref All
Question Given:
Pt = total pressure
Choices
Pso = static pressure at sea level
Calibrated airspeed (CAS) is a function of:

Answers Correct
A Pt/Ps
B Ps - Pso
C Pt - Ps C
D (Pt - Pso) / Ps
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Given:
Pt = total pressure
Choices
Pso = static pressure at sea level
Dynamic pressure is:

Answers Correct
A (Pt - Ps) / Ps
B Pt - Pso
C (Pt -Pso) / Pso
D Pt - Ps D
Ref All
Question . Given:
Pt = total pressure
Choices
Dynamic pressure is:
Answers Correct
A Pt / Ps
B (Pt - Ps) / Pt
C (Pt- Ps) / Ps
D Pt- Ps D
Ref All
Question Given:
Pt = total pressure
Choices
Pd = dynamic pressure
The airspeed indicator is fed by:

Answers Correct
A Ps- Pt
B Pd B
C Pt - Pd
D Pd - Ps
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question If the total pressure intake on the pitot tube is rapidly clogged up by ice during flight, what effect will
it have on the airspeed indication during a climb?
A The total pressure is trapped while the static pressure decreases, implying an increasing A
indicated airspeed
B The total pressure is trapped while the static pressure decreases, implying a decreasing
indicated airspeed
C As the total pressure in the pitot static system is trapped, the airspeed indicator will
indicate a constant airspeed
D The total pressure is trapped while the static pressure increases, implying a decreasing
indicated airspeed
Ref All
Question If an aircraft maintaining a constant CAS and flight level is flying from a cold air mass into warmer air:

A Mach number increases
B TAS decreases
C TAS increases C
D Mach number decreases
Ref All
Question If an aircraft maintaining a constant CAS and flight level is flying from a warm air mass into colder air:

A Mach number increases
B TAS increases
C TAS decreases C
D Mach number decreases
Ref All
Question If the pitot tube becomes blocked during a descent, the airspeed indicator:

A over-reads
B under-reads B
C under-reads or over-reads depending on the air density
D indicates a constant speed
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question If the pitot tube ices up during a flight, the affected equipment(s) is (are):
1) the altimeter
Choices
2) the variometer
3) the airspeed indicator

Answers Correct
A 1, 2
B 1,2,3
C 1, 3
D 3 D
Ref All
Question If the static intakes are completely clogged up by ice during a climb, the VSI shows:

A a descent if the outside static pressure is less than the pressure in the VSI- gauge
B zero B
C a constant rate of climb, even if the aircraft is levelling out
D an increasing rate of climb if the ambient static pressure decreases
Ref All
Question If the static source of an altimeter becomes blocked during a climb the instrument will:

A indicate a height equivalent to the setting on the millibar sub-scale
B gradually indicate zero
C under-read
D continue to display the reading at which the blockage occurred D
Ref All
Question If, during a descent:
- the pneumatic altimeter reading is constant

Choices
- the VSI shows zero
- the IAS is increasing
the most likely explanation is that:

Answers Correct
A the static intakes are completely clogged up by ice A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question If, during a descent:
- the pneumatic altimeter reading is constant

- the VSI shows zero
- the IAS is increasing
the most likely explanation is that:

B the total pressure intake is completely clogged up by ice
C there is a leakage in the static pressure line
D the antenna of the radio altimeter is completely clogged up by ice
Ref All
Question In a standard atmosphere and at the sea level, the equivalent airspeed (EAS) is:

A lower than the true airspeed (TAS)
B independent of the true airspeed (TAS)
C higher than the true airspeed (TAS)
D equal to the true airspeed (TAS) D
Ref All
Question In standard atmosphere, when descending at constant CAS:

A TAS remains constant
B TAS decreases B
C TAS increases
D TAS first increases and then remains constant below the tropopause
Ref All
Question In the absence of position and instrument errors, CAS is equal to:

A IAS A
B EAS
C TAS
D IAS and EAS
Ref All
Question In the absence of position and instrument errors, IAS is equal to:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In the absence of position and instrument errors, IAS is equal to:

A CAS and EAS
B EAS
C TAS
D CAS D
Ref All
Question In the absence of position and instrument errors:

A AIS = EAS
B IAS = EAS B
C CAS = EAS
D CAS = TAS
Ref All
Question In the absence of position and instrumental errors, IAS is equal to:

A TAS
B EAS
C CAS C
D KAS
Ref All
Question In the directional gyro the detection system of the local vertical feeds:

A a torque motor on the sensitive axis
B a nozzle integral with the outer gimbal ring
C a levelling erection torque motor C
D two torque motors arranged horizontally
Ref All
Question Maintaining CAS and flight level constant, a fall in ambient temperature results in:

A lower TAS because air density increases A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Maintaining CAS and flight level constant, a fall in ambient temperature results in:
B lower TAS because air density decreases

C higher TAS because air density increases
D higher TAS because air density decreases
Ref All
Question Parallax error is:

A a reading error A
B due to pressure effect
C due to the effect of aircraft accelerations
D due to temperature effect
Ref All
Question TAS can be obtained from the following data:

A CAS and pressure altitude
B EAS and pressure altitude
C CAS and density altitude
D EAS and density altitude D
Ref All
Question The altimeter indicates true altitude:

A when the temperature on the ground is +15oC with a lapse rate of 2oC per 1000 feet, and correct
QNH is set
B in ISA conditions only B
C when the temperature on the ground is +15oC with a lapse rate of 2oC per 1000 feet, and correct
QFE is set
D when pressure at mean sea level is 10135.25 hPa, with a ground temperature of +15oC and a
density equal to 1,225 kg/m3
Ref All
Question The altimeter is supplied with:

A static pressure A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The altimeter is supplied with:
B dynamic pressure
C total pressure
D differential pressure
Ref All
Question The altimeter of your aircraft indicates 10,000 ft with a subscale-setting of 1013.25 mb. OAT is +5oC. The
pressure altitude of the aircraft is:
A 697 hPa
B 10400 ft
C 9600 ft
D 10000 ft D
Ref All
Question The altimeter of your aircraft indicates 11000 ft with a subscale-setting of 1013.25 mb QNH is 1023 hPa.
OAT is +3oC. The pressure altitude of the aircraft is:
A 10250 ft
B 11740 ft
C 11000 ft C
D 670 hPa
Ref All
Question The altimeter of your aircraft indicates 12000 ft with a subscale-setting of 1013.25 mb. QNH is 999 hPa.
The pressure altitude of the aircraft is:
A 644 hPa
B 11580 ft
C 12420 ft
D 12000 ft D
Ref All
Question The altimeter of your aircraft indicates 15000 ft with a subscale-setting of 1013.25 mb. OAT is -21oC. The
A 15000 ft A
B 14640 ft
C 15360 ft
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The altimeter of your aircraft indicates 15000 ft with a subscale-setting of 1013.25 mb. OAT is -21oC. The
D 572 hPa
Ref All
OAT is -3oC. The pressure altitude of the aircraft is:
A 16000 ft A
B 14200 ft
C 17700 ft
D 548 hPa
Ref All
The pressure altitude of the aircraft is:
A 17540 ft
B 17000 ft B
C 16460 ft
D 527 hPa
Ref All
Question The compressibility correction to CAS to give EAS:
1) may be positive
Choices
2) is always negative
3) depends on Mach number only
4) depends on pressure altitude only
Answers Correct
A 2, 3 A
B 2, 4
C 1, 3
D 1, 4
Ref All
Question The parameter that determines the relationship between EAS and TAS is:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The parameter that determines the relationship between EAS and TAS is:

A Mach number
B pressure altitude
C OAT
D density altitude D
Ref All
Question The pressure capsule of an airspeed indicator is sensitive to the difference:

A (Total Pressure Dynamic Pressure), called Static Pressure
B (Dynamic Pressure Static Pressure), called Total Pressure
C (Total Pressure Static Pressure), called Dynamic Pressure C
D (Dynamic Pressure Total Pressure), called Static Pressure
Ref All

A atmospheric pressure at the sea level of the location for which it is given
B altimeter setting so that the altimeter, on the apron of the aerodrome for which it is given, B
reads the elevation
C altimeter setting so that the altimeter, on the apron of the aerodrome for which it is given,
reads zero
D atmospheric pressure at the level of the ground over-flown by the aircraft
Ref All
Question The total pressure probe (pitot tube) comprises a mast which moves its port to a distance from the aircraft
skin in order:
A to locate it outside the boundary layer A
B not to disturb the aerodynamic flow around the aircraft
C it is protected from icing
D it is easily accessible during maintenance checks
Ref All
Question True Air Speed (TAS) is equal to Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) only if:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question True Air Speed (TAS) is equal to Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) only if:

A P = 1013.25 hPa, OAT = 15oC and TAS < 200 kt
B P = 1013.25 hPa and OAT = 273oK
C P = 1013.25 hPa, OAT = 15oC and TAS >200 kt
D P = 1013.25 hPa and OAT = 15oC D
Ref All
Question True Air Speed (TAS) is obtained from Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) by correcting for the following errors:
1.instrument
2.compressibility
Choices
3.position
4.density
Answers Correct
A 2, 4 A
B 2
C 4
D 1,2,3,4
Ref All
Question True Air Speed (TAS) is obtained from Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) by correcting for:

A instrument error
B compressibility error
C density error C
D position and instrument errors
Ref All
Question True Air Speed (TAS) is obtained from Indicated Air Speed (IAS) by correcting for the following errors:
1) instrument
Choices
2) position
3) compressibility
4) density

Answers Correct
A 3, 4
INSTRUMENTATION
Question True Air Speed (TAS) is obtained from Indicated Air Speed (IAS) by correcting for the following errors:
1) instrument
2) position
3) compressibility
4) density

B 1,2,3,4 B
C 1, 2
D 1,3,4
Ref All
Question True Air Speed (TAS) is:

A Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) corrected for compressibility error
B Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) corrected for density error B
C Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) corrected for density error
D Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) corrected for compressibility error
Ref All

A Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) corrected for density error only
B Calibrated Air Speed (CAS corrected for compressibility and density errors B
C Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) corrected for compressibility error only
D Equivalent Air Speed (EAS) corrected for compressibility and density errors
Ref All

A Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) corrected for instrument, compressibility and density errors
B Indicated Air Speed (IAS) corrected for compressibility and density errors only
C Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) corrected for instrument, position, compressibility and density C
errors
D Indicated Air Speed (IAS) corrected for instrument, position, compressibility and density errors
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question When climbing at a constant CAS:

A Mach number decreases
B Mach number increases B
C Mach number remains constant
D the difference between surrounding conditions and ISA must be known to deduce the Mach number
variation
Ref All
Question When climbing at a constant CAS:

A EAS decreases A
B EAS increases
C EAS remains constant
D EAS does not depend on altitude
Ref All
Question When descending at a constant CAS:

A EAS increases A
B EAS decreases
C EAS remains constant
D EAS does not depend on altitude
Ref All
Question When flying in cold air (colder than standard atmosphere), indicated altitude is:

A lower than the true altitude
B the same as the true altitude
C higher than the true altitude C
D equal to the standard altitude
Ref All
Question When flying in cold air (colder than standard atmosphere), the altimeter will:

INSTRUMENTATION
Question When flying in cold air (colder than standard atmosphere), the altimeter will:
A show the actual height above the sea level

B underestimate
C overestimate C
D show the actual height above ground
Ref All
Question When flying in warm air (warmer than standard atmosphere), indicated altitude is:

A higher than the true altitude
B the same as the true altitude
C lower than the true altitude C
D equal to the standard altitude
Ref All
Question Which of the following instruments are connected to the pitot-static system?
1) altimeter
Choices
2) air operated directional gyro
3) vertical speed indicator
4) airspeed indicator

Answers Correct
A 1, 3
B 1,3,4 B
C 1,2,3,4
D 1,2,4
Ref All
Question With constant weight and configuration, an aircraft always takes off at the same:

A indicated airspeed
B ground speed
C true airspeed
D equivalent airspeed D
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question With EAS and density altitude, we can deduce:

A CAS and TAS
B CAS
C TAS C
D IAS
Ref All
Question With EAS and pressure altitude, we can deduce:

A TAS
B CAS B
C CAS and TAS
D IAS
Ref All
Question A vibrator may be fitted to an altimeter to overcome:

A friction A
B hysteresis
C lag
D pressure error
Ref All
Question CAS is IAS corrected for:

A position and instrument error A
B instrument, pressure and density error
C relative density only
D compressibility
Ref All
Question QNH is:

A the airfield barometric pressure
INSTRUMENTATION
Question QNH is:
B the setting that will give zero indication on the airfield

C the equivalent sea level pressure at the airfield C
D the setting that will indicate airfield height
Ref All
Question What is VMO calculated from:

A CAS
B TAS
C COAS
D EAS D
Ref All
Question At constant weight, regardless of altitude, an aircraft always lifts off at a constant:

A EAS
B TAS
C ground speed
D CAS D
Ref All
Question VFE is the maximum speed at which:

A the flaps can be operated
B the flaps may be extended in the take-off configuration
C the flaps may be extended in the landing configuration
D the flaps may be extended in a specified configuration D
Ref All
Question The white arc on the ASI indicates:

A VS1 at the lower end and VLE at the upper end
B VS0 at the lower end and VLE at the upper end
C VS0 at the lower end and VFE at the upper end C
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The white arc on the ASI indicates:
D VS1 at the lower end and VFE at the upper end

Ref All
Question An ASI circuit consists of pressure sensors. The Pitot Probe measures:

A total pressure & static pressure
B dynamic pressure
C static pressure
D total pressure D
Ref All
Question If a pitot source is blocked in an ASI, and the drain hole is blocked, but the static source is open, what
will happen?
A ASI reading goes to zero
B ASI under reads
C ASI over reads
D ASI behaves like an altimeter D
Ref All
Question VNO is the maximum speed which:

A the pitot can fully deflect the controls
B should only be exceeded in still air and with caution B
C should never be exceeded
D must not be exceeded for flap/gear extension
Ref All
Question If the static vent becomes blocked on an unpressurised aircraft, what could you do?

A open the window
B break the VSI glass B
C compute altitude mathematically
D select standby pitot source
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question What is density altitude:

A altitude in the standard atmosphere at which the prevailing density is equal to the density in A
the standard atmosphere
B pressure altitude corrected for prevailing temp
C temperature altitude
D pressure corrected
Ref All
Question Aircraft is travelling at 100 kts ground speed on a 3o glide slope. What is the rate of descent?

A 500 ft/min A
B 300 ft/min
C 250 ft/min
D 600 ft/min
Ref All
Question If the pitot tube is leaking (and the pitot drain is blocked) in a non-pressurised A/C, the ASI will:

A under-read A
B over-read
C over-read in the climb, under-read in the descent
D under-read in the climb, over-read in the descent
Ref All
Question At sea level ISA, TAS:

A equals CAS A
B is greater than CAS
C is less than CAS
Ref All
Question What will the altimeter read if the layers beneath the aircraft are all colder than standard?

A Read lower than the real altitude
INSTRUMENTATION
Question What will the altimeter read if the layers beneath the aircraft are all colder than standard?
B Read higher than the real altitude B

C Read the correct altitude
D Readings will fluctuate
Ref All
Question If a pitot tube and drains are blocked at altitude by icing, during a descent the ASI will:

A read constant airspeed
B under read B
C over read
D show zero
Ref All
Question What are the upper and lower limits of the yellow arc on an ASI?

A Lower limit VLO and upper limit VNE
B Lower limit VLE and upper limit VNE
C Lower limit VNO and upper limit VNE C
D Lower limit VLO and upper limit VLE
Ref All
Question What does the blue line on an ASI of a twin propeller engined aircraft indicate?

A VYSE A
B VNO
C VFE
D VMCA
Ref All
Question What is SAT?

A Relative temperature measured in K
B Differential temperature measured in K
C Relative temperature measured in oC
INSTRUMENTATION
Question What is SAT?
D Ambient temperature measured in oC D

Ref All
Question What happens when the static pressure supply, to an altimeter, becomes blocked during a descent?

A reduces to zero
B over reads
C under reads
D indicates altitude at which blockage occurred D
Ref All
Question What happens when the static pressure supply, to an altimeter, becomes blocked during a descent?

A reduces to zero A
B over reads
C under reads
D indicates altitude at which blockage occurred
Ref All
Question VLO is defined as:

A the maximum speed at which to fly with the landing gear retracted
B the maximum speed at which the landing gear may be retracted o extended B
C the maximum speed at which to fly with the landing gear extended
D the minimum speed at which to fly with the landing gear extended
Ref All
Question VNE is defined as:

A the speed which must not be exceeded in still air, or without caution
B the speed above which the landing gear may not be extended
C the speed which must never be exceeded C
D the maximum speed for normal flap extension to be selected
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The green arc on the ASI is used to identify which speed range?

A VSO to VNO
B VS1 to VFE
C VS1 to VNO C
D VS1 to VLO
Ref All
Question Pressure altitude may be defined as:

A the lowest forecast regional pressure
B pressure measured in the standard atmosphere B
C altitude indicated with QFE set on the altimeter
D altitude indicated with QNH set on the altimeter
Ref All
Question What is the effect on an altimeter reading if variations in static pressure occur near to the pressure
source?
A a change in hysteresis error
B a change in the instrument error
C a change in the position error C
D a change in the compressibility error
Ref All
Question The single most significant item which makes a servo altimeter more accurate is:

A electromagnetic pick-off A
B logarithmic scale
C temperature compensated spring
D multiple pointers
Ref All
Question VNO is defined as:

A maximum structural cruising speed A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question VNO is defined as:
B never exceed speed

C manoeuvring speed
D maximum operating speed
Ref All
Question An aircraft is flying at constant indicated altitude over a cold airmass. The altimeter reading will be:

A greater than the real altitude A
B standard altitude
C same as the real altitude
D less than the real altitude
Ref All
Question What is indicated on the ASI when the static vent blocks during a descent?

A under reads
B reads correctly
C over reads C
D reads zero
Ref All
Question What is the principle of operation of a VSI?

A differential pressure across a capsule A
B total pressure in a capsule
C static pressure in a capsule
D dynamic pressure in a capsule
Ref All
Question In an altimeter, what pressure is fed to the capsule and the case?

A Static / Dynamic
B Static / Static
C Static / Vacuum
INSTRUMENTATION
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - Gyroscopic Instruments
Question In an altimeter, what pressure is fed to the capsule and the case?
D Vacuum / Static D
Ref All
Question What does the green arc on an ASI indicate?

A Vs1 - Vne
B Vs1 - Vlo
C Vs1 - Vno C
D Vso - Vno
Ref All
Question From where does the air data computer (ADC) obtain aircraft altitude?

A OAT probe
B dynamic absolute ambient pressure
C absolute barometric sensor on aircraft fuselage C
Ref CPL A AND H
Ref All
Question Concerning the directional gyro indicator, the latitude at which the apparent wander is equal to 0 is:

A the equator A
B latitude 30o
C latitude 45o
D the North pole
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Concerning the directional gyro indicator, the latitude at which the apparent wander is equal to 0 is:
Ref All
Question The heading information originating from the gyro-magnetic compass flux valve is sent to the:

A error detector A
B erector system
C heading indicator
D amplifier
Ref All
Question A gravity erector system is used to correct the errors on:

A an artificial horizon A
B a directional gyro
C a turn indicator
D a gyro-magnetic compass
Ref All
Question A turn indicator is an instrument which indicates rate of turn. Rate of turn depends upon:
1.bank angle
2.aeroplane speed
Choices
3.aeroplane weight
The combination regrouping the correct statements is:
Answers Correct
A 2 and 3
B 1, 2 and 3
C 1 and 2 C
D 1 and 3
Ref All
Question A failed RMI rose is locked on 090o and the ADF pointer indicates 225o. The relative bearing to the station
is:
A 135o A
B Impossible to read, due to failure RMI
C 315o
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A failed RMI rose is locked on 090o and the ADF pointer indicates 225o. The relative bearing to the station
is:
D 225o
Ref All
Question An aircraft is flying at a 120 kt true airspeed (VV), in order to achieve a rate 1 turn, the pilot will have
to bank the aircraft at an angle of:
A 30o A
B 12o
C 36o
D 18o
Ref All
Question On the ground, during a right turn, the turn indicator indicates:

A needle to the right, ball to left A
B needle to the right, ball to right
C needle in the middle, ball to right
D needle in the middle, ball to left
Ref All
Question An airborne instrument, equipped with a gyro with 2 degrees of freedom and a horizontal spin axis is:(Note:
the degree(s) of freedom of a gyro does not take into account its rotor spin axis)
A an artificial horizon
B a directional gyro B
C a turn indicator
D a fluxgate compass
Ref All
Question A laser gyro consists of:

A a gyro with 2 degrees of freedom
B 2 electrodes (anodes + cathodes)
C a laser generating two light waves C
D two moving cavities provided with mirrors
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The flux valve in a RIMC:

A is supplied with AC current A
B is fed with DC current
C is made of hard-iron magnetic steel
D has its own self exciter unit
Ref All
Question When an aircraft has turned 270 degrees with a constant altitude and bank, the pilot observes the following
on a classic artificial horizon:
A too much nose up and bank to low
B too much nose up and bank correct
C turn too much nose up and bank to high C
D altitude and bank are correct
Ref All
Question If the needle and the ball of a Turn & Slip indicator both show right, what does it indicate:

A turn to left & too much bank
B too much nose up and bank correct B
C too much nose up and bank to high
D turn to right and too little bank
Ref All
Question The gyro-magnetic compass torque motor:

A causes the directional gyro unit to precess A
B causes the heading indicator to precess
C feeds the error detector system
D is fed by the flux valve
Ref All
Question The input signal of the amplifier of the gyro-magnetic compass resetting device originates from the:

A directional gyro erection device
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The input signal of the amplifier of the gyro-magnetic compass resetting device originates from the:
B flux valve
C directional gyro unit
D error detector D
Ref All
Question A DGI has:

A one degree of freedom & a horizontal spin axis
B two degrees of freedom & a vertical spin axis
C two degrees of freedom & a horizontal spin axis C
D one degree of freedom & a vertical spin axis
Ref All
Question The torque motor of a gyro stabilised magnetic compass:

A preceses the directional gyro A
B takes its input from the flux valve
C moves the heading pointer
D moves the Selsyn stator
Ref All
Question The directional gyro axis no longer spins about the local vertical when it is located:

A on the North pole
B in the latitude 30o
C in the latitude 45o
D on the equator D
Ref All
Question In a right turn while taxiing, the correct indications on a Turn & Slip Indicator are:

A Needle left, ball right
B Needle left, ball left
C Needle right, ball right
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In a right turn while taxiing, the correct indications on a Turn & Slip Indicator are:
D Needle right, ball left D

Ref All
Question During an acceleration phase at constant altitude, the resetting principle of the artificial horizon results
in the horizon bar indicating a:
A constant attitude
B nose-down attitude
C nose-up attitude C
D nose-down followed by a nose-up attitude
Ref All
Question On the ground, during a left turn, the turn indicator indicates:

A needle in the middle, ball to the left
B needle to the left, ball to the left
C needle in the middle, ball to the right
D needle to the left, ball to the right D
Ref All
Question The rigidity of a gyro is improved by:

A increasing RPM and concentrating the mass on the periphery of the rotor A
B increasing RPM and concentrating the mass at the hub of the rotor
C decreasing RPM and concentrating the mass on the periphery of the rotor
D decreasing RPM and concentrating the mass at the hub of the rotor
Ref All
Question The maximum drift error sensed by an uncompensated DGI will be:

A 15o per hour A
B 30o per hour
C 45o per hour
D 60o per hour
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A Stand-by-horizon or emergency attitude indicator:

A Is automatically connected to the primary vertical gyro if the alternator fails
B Contains its own separate gyro B
C Is fully independent of external energy resources in an emergency situation
D Only works of there is a complete electrical failure
Ref All
Question A gyro-magnetic compass or heading reference unit is an assembly which always consists of:
1)
a directional gyro
Choices
2) a vertical axis gyro
3) an earth’s magnetic field detector
4) an azimuth control
5) a synchronising control
The combination of correct statements is:

Answers Correct
A 2, 5
B 2,3,5
C 1, 4
D 1,3,5 D
Ref All
Question When, in flight, the needle and ball of a needle-and-ball indicator are on the left, the aircraft is:

A turning left with not enough bank
B turning left with too much bank B
C turning right with too much bank
D turning right with not enough bank
Ref All
Question The rate-of-turn is the:

A yaw rate in a turn
B change-of-heading rate of the aircraft B
C aircraft speed in a turn
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The rate-of-turn is the:
D pitch rate in a turn

Ref All
Question A standby artificial horizon must have the following properties:
1.a remote gyro
2.its own power supply
Choices
3.only to be used in emergency
4.its own gyro
5.one for each certified pilot
Answers Correct
A all the above
B 1,3,5
C 2,3,4
D 2, 4 D
Ref All
Question On a turn and slip indicator, needle to the left and ball to the right indicates:

A turn to the right, not enough bank
B turn to the left, too much bank
C turn to the left, not enough bank C
D turn to the right, too much bank
Ref All
Question The heading read on the dial of a directional gyro is subject to errors, one of which is due to the movement
of the aircraft. This error¿.
A is at its greatest value when the aircraft follows a meridional track
B is, in spite of this, insignificant and may be neglected
C is dependent on the ground speed of the aircraft, its true track and the average latitude of C
the flight
D shows itself by an apparent rotation of the horizontal axis of the gyroscope which seems to turn
at 15o per hour to the right in the northern hemisphere
Ref All
Question The indications on a directional gyroscope or gyrocompass are subject to errors, due to:
1) rotation of Earth
Choices
2) aeroplane motion on Earth
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The indications on a directional gyroscope or gyrocompass are subject to errors, due to:
1) rotation of Earth
2) aeroplane motion on Earth
3) lateral and transversal aeroplane bank angles
4) north change
5) mechanical defects
Choose the combination with true statements only:

Answers Correct
A 1,2,3,5 A
B 3,4,5
C 1,2,4,5
D 2,3,5
Ref All
Question In a DGI what error is caused by the gyro movement relative to the earth?

A earth rate
B transport wander B
C real wander
D latitude error
Ref All
Question The gimbal error of the directional gyro is due to the effect of:

A the aircraft's track over the earth
B an apparent weight and an apparent vertical
C too slow precession on the horizontal gimbal ring
D a bank or pitch attitude of the aircraft D
Ref All
Question In a turn at a constant angle of bank, the turn indicator reading is:

A independent to the aircraft true airspeed
B proportional to the aircraft true airspeed
C inversely proportional to the aircraft true airspeed C
INSTRUMENTATION
D proportional to the aircraft weight

Ref All
Question The characteristics of the directional gyro (DG) used in a gyro stabilised compass system are:

A two degrees of freedom, whose horizontal axis corresponding to the reference direction is A
maintained in the horizontal plane by an automatic erecting system
B two degrees of freedom, whose axis aligned with the vertical to the location is maintained in
this direction by an erecting system
C one degree of freedom, whose horizontal axis is maintained in the horizontal plane by an
automatic erecting system
D one degree of freedom, whose vertical axis, aligned with the real vertical to the location is
maintained in this direction by an automatic erecting system
Ref All
Question In a left turn while taxiing, the correct indications are:

A Needle left, ball right A
B Needle left, ball left
C needle right, ball right
D Needle right, ball left
Ref All
Question Compared with a conventional gyro, a laser gyro:

A has a longer life cycle A
B consumes a lot of power
C is influenced by temperature
D has a fairly long starting cycle
Ref All
Question The heading reference unit of a three-axis data generator is equipped with a gyro with:

A 2 degrees of freedom and vertical spin axis
B 2 degrees of freedom and horizontal spin axis B
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The heading reference unit of a three-axis data generator is equipped with a gyro with:
C 1 degree of freedom and horizontal spin axis

D 1 degree of freedom and vertical spin axis
Ref All
Question A turn indicator is built around a gyroscope with:(Note: the degree(s) of freedom of a gyro does not take
into account its rotor spin axis)
A 1 degree of freedom A
B 0 degree of freedom
C 2 degrees of freedom
D 3 degrees of freedom
Ref All
Question For an aircraft flying a true track of 360o between the 005oS and 005oN parallels, the precession error of
the directional gyro due to apparent drift is equal to:
A 0o/hour A
B +5o/hour
C -5o/hour
D depends only on the aircraft's ground speed
Ref All
Question The pendulum type detector system of the directional gyro feeds:

A a torque motor on the sensitive axis
B a nozzle integral with the outer gimbal ring
C a levelling erection torque motor C
D 2 torque motors arranged horizontally
Ref All
Question In a Gyro magnetic compass the flux gate transmits information to the:

A heading indicator
B amplifier
C error detector C
D erecting system
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In a Gyro magnetic compass the flux gate transmits information to the:
Ref All
Question The properties of a Turn Indicator are:
1) One degree of freedom

Choices
2) Two degrees of freedom
3) Two springs connected to the aircraft frame
4) Spin axis in the longitudinal plane
5) Spin axis parallel to the yaw axis
6) Spin axis in the lateral plane
Answers Correct
A 1, 6 A
B 2, 5
C 1, 4
D 2, 6
Ref All
Question A flux valve senses the changes in orientation of the horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field.
1)
the flux valve is made of a pair of soft iron bars
Choices
2) the primary coils are fed A.C voltage (usually 487.5 Hz)
3) the information can be used by a “flux gate” compass or a directional gyro
4) the flux gate valve casing is dependent on the aircraft three inertial axis
5) the accuracy on the value of the magnetic field indication is less than 0.5%
Which of the following combinations contains all of the correct statements?

Answers Correct
A 1,45
B 1,3,4,5
C 3, 5
D 2,3,5 D
Ref All
Question Among the flight control instruments, the artificial horizon plays an essential part. It uses a gyroscope
with:(Note: in this question, the degrees of freedom of a gyro are determined by the number of gimbal rings
it comprises)
Choices
Answers Correct
A one degree of freedom, whose vertical axis oriented in the direction of the real vertical to the
location is maintained in this direction by an automatic erecting system
B two degrees of freedom whose horizontal axis corresponding to a reference direction is
maintained in a horizontal plane by an automatic erecting system
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Among the flight control instruments, the artificial horizon plays an essential part. It uses a gyroscope
with:(Note: in this question, the degrees of freedom of a gyro are determined by the number of gimbal rings
it comprises)
C one degree of freedom, whose horizontal axis is maintained in a horizontal plane by an automatic
erecting system
D two degrees of freedom, whose axis is oriented and continuously maintained to local vertical by D
an automatic erecting system
Ref All
Question A gravity erector system corrects errors on a:

A DGI
B artificial horizon B
C turn indicator
D RIMC
Ref All
Question When an aircraft has turned 360 degrees with a constant attitude and bank, the pilot observes the following
A too much nose-up and bank too high
B too much nose-up and bank too low
C too much nose-up and bank correct
D attitude and bank correct D
Ref All
Question An airborne instrument, equipped with a gyro with 1 degree of freedom and a horizontal spin axis is a:Note:
the degree(s) of freedom of a gyro does not take into account its rotor spin axis:
A gyromagnetic compass
B turn indicator B
C fluxgate compass
D directional gyro
Ref All
Question A 2 axis gyro measuring vertical changes will have:

A one degree of freedom vertical axis
B two degrees of freedom vertical axis B
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A 2 axis gyro measuring vertical changes will have:
C one degree of freedom horizontal axis

D two degrees of freedom horizontal axis
Ref All
Question A directional gyro is:
1) a gyroscope free around two axis

Choices
2) a gyroscope free around one axis
3) capable of self-orientation around an earth-tied direction
4) incapable of self-orientation around an earth-tied direction
The combination which regroups all of the correct statements is:

Answers Correct
A 1 - 4 A
B 2 - 4
C 2 - 3
D 1 - 3
Ref All
Question When, in flight, the needle and ball of a needle-and-ball indicator are on the right, the aircraft is:

A turning left with too much bank
B turning right with not enough bank
C turning right with too much bank C
D turning left with not enough bank
Ref All
Question The indication of the directional gyro as an on-board instrument are valid only for a short period of time.
The causes of this inaccuracy are:
Choices 1) The earth’s rotation
2) The longitudinal acceleration
3) The aircraft’s motion over the surface of the earth
4) The mechanical defects of the gyro
5) The gyro’s weight
6) The gimbal mount of the gyro rings

Answers Correct
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The indication of the directional gyro as an on-board instrument are valid only for a short period of time.
The causes of this inaccuracy are:
1) The earth’s rotation

2) The longitudinal acceleration
3) The aircraft’s motion over the surface of the earth
4) The mechanical defects of the gyro
5) The gyro’s weight
6) The gimbal mount of the gyro rings

A 2, 5, 6
B 1, 3, 4
C 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
D 1, 3, 4, 6 D
Ref All
Question In a left turn, the ball of the turn co-ordinator is out to the right what corrective action is required?

A more right rudder
B more right bank
C more left bank C
D more left rudder
Ref All
Question When an aircraft has turned 90 degrees with a constant attitude and bank, the pilot observes the following
A too much nose-up and bank correct
B attitude and bank correct
C too much nose-up and bank too low C
D too much nose-up and bank too high
Ref All
Question Where is the earth rate wander and the transport wander of a gyro equal to zero?

A North Pole
B Equator B
C 45oN
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Where is the earth rate wander and the transport wander of a gyro equal to zero?
D 45oS
Ref All
Question What is the maximum drift of a gyro, due to earth rate?

A 90o per hour
B 180o per hour
C 15o per hour C
D 5o per hour
Ref All
Question In a turn at constant angle of bank, the rate of turn is:

A independent of weight and proportional to TAS
B dependent on weight and inversely proportional to TAS
C independent of weight and inversely proportional to TAS C
D dependant on weight and proportional to TAS
Ref All
Question The turn rate indicator uses a gyroscope:
1) with one degree of freedom

Choices
2) with two degrees of freedom
3) the frame of which is supported by two return springs
4) the spinning wheel axis of which is parallel to the pitch axis
5) the spinning wheel axis of which is parallel to the yawing axis
6) the spinning wheel axis of which is horizontal

Answers Correct
A 1 and 6
B 1 and 3 B
C 2 and 3
D 2, 3 and 6
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A slaved directional gyro derives its directional signal from:

A a direct reading magnetic compass
B the flux valve B
C the flight director
D the air-data-computer
Ref All
Question At a low bank angle, the measurement of rate-of-turn actually consists in measuring the:

A pitch rate of the aircraft
B roll rate of the aircraft
C angular velocity of the aircraft
D yaw rate of the aircraft D
Ref All
Question In a Turn Indicator, the measurement of rate of turn consists for:

A low bank angle, in measuring the roll rate
B low bank angle, in measuring the yaw rate B
C high bank angle, in measuring the yaw rate
D high bank angle, in measuring the roll rate
Ref All
Question The basic properties of a gyroscope are:
1.The gyros weight
2.The rigidity in space
Choices
3.The inertia
4.The high RPM
5.The precession
Answers Correct
A 3, 4
B 2, 5 B
C 2,3,5
D 1,3,5
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Under normal operating conditions, when an aircraft is in a banked turn, the rate-of-turn indicator is a
valuable gyroscopic flight control instrument. When it is associated with an attitude indicator it
indicates:
Choices
1) the angular velocity of the aircraft about the yaw axis
2) the bank of the aircraft
3) the direction of the aircraft turn
4) the angular velocity of the aircraft about the real vertical

Answers Correct
A 3, 4
B 2, 4
C 1, 3 C
D 1, 2
Ref All
Question The directional gyro axis spins about the local vertical by 15o/hour

A in the latitude 30o
B in the latitude 45o
C on the equator
D on the North pole D
Ref All
Question The maximum directional gyro error due to the earth rotation is:

A 180o/hour
B 5o/hour
C 15o/hour C
D 90o/hour
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-08)The diagram representing a left turn with insufficient rudder is:

A 2
B 3
INSTRUMENTATION
Question (Refer to figure 022-08)The diagram representing a left turn with insufficient rudder is:
C 4 C
D 1
Ref All
Question A directional gyro consists of a:(Note the degree(s) of freedom of a gyro does not take into account its
rotor spin axis)
A 1 degree-of-freedom horizontal axis gyro
B 2 degrees-of-freedom vertical axis gyro
C 2 degrees-of-freedom horizontal axis gyro C
D 1 degree-of-freedom vertical axis gyro
Ref All
Question A directional gyro is corrected for an apparent drift due to the earth¿s rotation at latitude 30oS. During
a flight at latitude 60oN, a drift rate of 15.5o/h to the right is observed. The apparent wander due to
change of aircraft position is:
Choices
Answers Correct
A 2.5o/h to the left
B 2.5o/h to the right
C 5o/h to the right
D 5o/h to the left D
Ref All
Question A free gyro has its rotor axis horizontal and is aligned with the geographic meridian. If this stationary
free gyro is situated at latitude 60oN, the apparent drift rate according to the earthbound observer is:
A 13o/h to the left
B 13o/h to the right B
C 7.5o/h to the right
D 7.5o/h to the left
Ref All
Question A rate gyro is used in a:
1.directional gyro indicator
2.turn co-ordinator
Choices
3.artificial horizon
Answers Correct
A 2 A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A rate gyro is used in a:
1.directional gyro indicator
2.turn co-ordinator
3.artificial horizon
B 1,2,3
C 1
D 1, 2
Ref All
Question After the initial 90 degrees of a turn at constant pitch and bank, a classic artificial horizon indicates:

A too much nose-up and too much bank
B pitch and bank correct
C too much nose-up and bank correct
D too much nose-up and too little bank D
Ref All
Question Compared with a conventional gyro, a laser gyro:

A is much more cumbersome A
B is influenced by temperature
C consumes much more power
D consumes a lot of power
Ref All
Question Due to the rotation of the earth, the apparent drift of a horizontal free gyroscope at a latitude of 30oN
is:
A 15o per hour to the left
B 7.5o per hour to the right B
C 2o per hour to the right
D 11o per hour to the left
Ref All
Question Due to the rotation of the earth, the apparent drift of a horizontal free gyroscope at a latitude of 30oS
is:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Due to the rotation of the earth, the apparent drift of a horizontal free gyroscope at a latitude of 30oS
is:
A 7.5o per hour to the left A
B 15o per hour to the right
C 2o per hour to the left
D 11o per hour to the right
Ref All
Question Due to the rotation of the earth, the apparent drift of a horizontal free gyroscope at a latitude of 45oN
is:
A 2o per hour to the right
B 15o per hour to the left
C 11o per hour to the right C
D 7.5o per hour to the left
Ref All
Question During a deceleration phase at constant attitude, the control system of an air driven artificial horizon
results in the horizon bar indicating a:
A nose up attitude
B nose down attitude B
C constant attitude
D nose up followed by a nose down attitude
Ref All
Question For an aircraft flying a true track of 360o between the 5oS and 5oN parallels, the precession error of the
directional gyro due to apparent drift is equal to:
A +5o/hour
B approximately 0o/hour B
C -5o/hour
D 15o/hour
Ref All
Question In a directional gyro, gimballing errors are due to:

A the aircraft's movement over the earth
B an apparent weight and an apparent vertical
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In a directional gyro, gimballing errors are due to:
C the vertical component of the earth's magnetic field

D a banked attitude D
Ref All

A inversely proportional to the aircraft true airspeed A
B proportional to the aircraft true airspeed
C independent to the aircraft true airspeed
D proportional to the aircraft weight
Ref All
Question One of the errors inherent in a ring laser gyroscope occurs at low input rotation rates tending towards zero
when a phenomenon known as lock-in is experienced. What is the name of the technique, effected by means of
a piezo-electric motor, that is used
Choices
Answers Correct
A dither A
B cavity rotation
C zero drop
D beam lock
Ref All
Question The apparent wander of a directional gyro is 15o/h:

A At the north pole A
B At the latitude 30o
C At the latitude 45o
D At the equator
Ref All
Question The artificial horizon uses a gyroscope with:(Note: the degree(s) of freedom of a gyro does not take into
account its rotor spin axis)
A two degrees of freedom, and its rotor spin axis is continuously maintained to local vertical by A
B two degrees of freedom, and its rotor spin axis is continuously maintained in the horizontal
plane by an automatic erecting system
INSTRUMENTATION
Questio The artificial horizon uses a gyroscope with:(Note: the degree(s) of freedom of a gyro does not take into
n account its rotor spin axis)
C one degree of freedom, and its rotor spin axis is continuously maintained in the horizontal
plane by an automatic erecting system
D one degree of freedom, and its rotor spin axis is continuously maintained to local vertical by
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-41)The attached diagram shows three gyro assemblies: A, B and C. Among these gyros:one
is a roll gyro (noted 1)one is a pitch gyro (noted 2)one is a yaw gyro (noted 3)The correct matching of
gyros and assemblies is:
Choices
Answers Correct
A 1C, 2B, 3A
B 1B, 2C, 3A B
C 1B, 2A, 3C
D 1A, 2B, 3C
Ref All
Question The gyroscope of a turn indicator has:(Note: the degree(s) of freedom of a gyro does not take into account
its rotor spin axis)
A 2 degrees of freedom
B 0 degree of freedom
C 1 degree of freedom C
D 3 degrees of freedom
Ref All
Question The gyroscope used in an attitude indicator has a spin axis which is:

A horizontal, perpendicular to the yaw axis
B horizontal, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis
C horizontal, parallel to the longitudinal axis
D vertical D
Ref All
Question The indication of the directional gyro is valid only for a limited period of time. The causes of this
inaccuracy are:
1.rotation of the earth
Choices
2.longitudinal accelerations
3.aircraft's moving over the surface of the earth
4.vertical component
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The indication of the directional gyro is valid only for a limited period of time. The causes of this
inaccuracy are:
1.rotation of the earth
2.longitudinal accelerations
3.aircraft's moving over the surface of the earth
4.vertical component
Answers Correct
A 1,3,4
B 1, 3 B
C 1,2,3
D 1,2,4
Ref All
Question The indications on a directional gyroscope are subject to errors. The most significant are:
1.apparent wander due to earth rotation
2.apparent wander due to change of aircraft position
Choices
3.gimballing errors
4.north change
5.mechanical defect
Answers Correct
A 1,2,3,5 A
B 3,4,5
C 1,2,4,5
D 2,3,5
Ref All
Question The inertia of a gyroscope is greater when:

A its rotation speed is lower and the mass of the spinning wheel is located further from the axis
of rotation
B its rotation speed is higher and the mass of the spinning wheel is closer to the axis of
rotation
C its rotation speed is higher and the mass of the spinning wheel is located further from the axis C
of rotation
D its rotation speed is lower and the mass of the spinning wheel is closer to the axis of rotation
Ref All
Question The principle of a laser gyro is based on:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The principle of a laser gyro is based on:

A a gyroscope associated with a laser compensating for apparent wander due to the rotation of the
earth
B frequency difference between two laser beams rotating in opposite direction B
C a gyroscope associated with a laser compensating for gimballing errors
D two rotating cavities provided with mirrors
Ref All
Question The properties of a gyroscope are:
1.rigidity in space
2.rigidity on earth
Choices
3.precession
4.Schuler oscillations
Answers Correct
A 1, 4
B 2, 3
C 1, 3 C
D 2, 4
Ref All
Question The rate of turn given by the rate of turn indicator is valid:

A for all airspeeds
B for the airspeed range defined during the calibration of the instrument B
C with flaps retracted only
D for the cruising speed
Ref All
Question The rate of turn indicator uses a gyroscope:
Choices
3) the spinning wheel axis of which is parallel to the roll axis

Answers Correct
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The rate of turn indicator uses a gyroscope:

3) the spinning wheel axis of which is parallel to the roll axis

A 2, 4 A
B 3, 4
C 1, 5
D 3, 5
Ref All
Question The spin axis of the turn indicator gyro is aligned along the:

A longitudinal axis of the aircraft
B lateral axis of the aircraft B
C vertical axis of the aircraft
D longitudinal axis of flight
Ref All
Question Without any external action, the axis of a free gyroscope is fixed with reference to:

A the apparent vertical
B the earth
C the aircraft
D space D
Ref All
Question (For this question use annex 022-37)The diagram representing a left turn with insufficient rudder is:

A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4 D
INSTRUMENTATION
Question (For this question use annex 022-37)The diagram representing a left turn with insufficient rudder is:
Ref All
Question (For this question use annex 022-37)The diagram representing a left turn with excessive rudder is:

A 1
B 2 B
C 3
D 4
Ref All
Question The properties of a gyro are:
1)
mass
Choices
2) rigidity
3) inertia
4) precession
5) rotational speed
Answers Correct
A 1,2&3
B 2 & 4 B
C 2 & 3
D 1 & 3
Ref All
Question The errors of a DGI are:
1) earth rate
Choices
2) transport wander
3) banking when pitched up
4) annual movement of poles
5) mechanical problems
Answers Correct
A 2,3&5
B 3,4&5
C 1, 2, 3 & 5 C
D all 5
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The Turn Indicator is a useful gyroscopic instrument. When used in
association with an attitude indicator will show:
Choices
1) angular velocity about the yaw axis
2) direction of turn
3) angular velocity about true vertical axis
4) speed of turn
Answers Correct
A 1 & 3
B 2 & 3
C 3 & 4
D 1 & 2 D
Ref All
Question When turning through 90o at constant attitude and bank, a classic Artificial Horizon indicates:

A nose up and correct angle of bank
B attitude and bank angle are correct
C nose up and bank angle too low C
D nose up and bank angle too high
Ref All
Question The factors which will affect a Turn Indicator are:
1)
angle of bank
Choices
2) aircraft speed
3) aircraft weight
Answers Correct
A all 3
B 1 & 2 B
C 1 & 3
D 2 & 3
Ref All
Question Aircraft is travelling at 120 kts, what angle of bank would be required for a rate one turn?

A 30o
B 12o
C 18o C
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Aircraft is travelling at 120 kts, what angle of bank would be required for a rate one turn?
D 35o
Ref All
Question Using a classic Artificial Horizon, the A/C performs a right turn through 270 degrees at a constant angle of
bank and rate of turn. The indication is:
A Nose up, too much bank A
B Nose up, not enough bank
C Nose up, wings level
D Bank and pitch correct
Ref All
Question An artificial horizon has:

A 1 degree of freedom and a horizontal axis
B 2 degrees of freedom and a horizontal axis
C 1 degree of freedom and a vertical axis
D 2 degrees of freedom and a vertical axis D
Ref All
Question What is the purpose of the latitude nut in a DGI?

A to correct for latitude error
B to correct for transport wander
C to correct for earth rate C
D to correct for coriolis error
Ref All
Question At a low bank angle, the measurement of rate-of-turn actually consists in measuring the:

A roll rate
B rate of yaw B
C angular velocity about the vertical axis
D rate of pitch
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An aircraft is flying a true track of 369o from 5o south to 5o north. What is the change in apparent wander
rate?
A 0o per hour A
B +5o per hour
C -5o per hour
D Depends upon groundspeed
Ref All
Question In a gyro magnetic compass, where does the torque motor get its information from?

A the flux gate
B error detector
C the rotor gimbal
D amplifier D
Ref All
Question What are the advantages of a laser gyro compared to a conventional gyro?

A has a longer cycle life A
B takes longer to set up/spin up
C uses more power
D takes longer to align
Ref All
Question Which of the following gyro instruments has one degree of freedom?

A artificial horizon
B turn indicator B
C directional gyro
D slaved gyro compass
Ref All
Question The error in a Directional Gyro due to the earth¿s rotation, at a mean latitude of 45oN will cause the spin
axis to move by:
A 10.6o clockwise A
INSTRUMENTATION
Questio The error in a Directional Gyro due to the earth¿s rotation, at a mean latitude of 45oN will cause the spin
n axis to move by:
B 10.6o anti-clockwise
C 7.6o clockwise
D 7.6o anti-clockwise
Ref All
Question Where on the earth's surface is the earth rate drift of a DGI equal to 15.04o per hour?

A 15o
B 30o
C 0o
D 90o D
Ref All
Question The pendulous type correction detector fitted to the DGI provides:

A torque on the sensitive axis A
B two torque motors on the horizontal axis
C pendulous internal nozzle on the outer gimbal
D one torque motor
Ref All
Question A direction gyro is corrected for accurate directional information using:

A air data computer
B direct reading magnetic compass B
C flight director
D flux valve
Ref All
Question An aircraft is flying a true track of 360o from 5o south to 5o north. What is the average apparent wander
rate?
A 0o per hour A
B +5o per hour
C -5o per hour
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An aircraft is flying a true track of 360o from 5o south to 5o north. What is the average apparent wander
rate?
D depends upon groundspeed
Ref All
Question A directional gyro is valid only for a short period of time. The causes of this
inaccuracy are:
Choices 1) earth rotation
2) longitudinal accelerations
3) A/C motion over the earth
4) mechanical defects
5) gyro mass

Answers Correct
A 1,3&5
B 1,3&4 B
C 1,2&3
D all of the above
Ref All
Question How can you increase the rigidity of a gyroscope?

A Concentrate the mass near the spin axis at a high RPM
B Concentrate the mass at the periphery at a high RPM B
C Concentrate the mass near the spin axis at a low RPM
D Concentrate the mass at the periphery at a low RPM
Ref All
Question What is the period of a Schuler Loop oscillation?

A 48 seconds
B 48 mins
C 84 mins C
D 84 seconds
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - Magnetic Compass
Question Aircraft turns through 360o at constant bank and pitch angle. The Artificial Horizon shows:

A The correct indication A
B Pitch up too little bank
C Pitch up too much bank
D Pitch up correct bank
Ref All
Question On the ground in a left turn a turn-indicator will show:

A Needle straight/Ball left
B Needle straight/Ball right
C Needle left/Ball left
D Needle left/Ball right D
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-41)The diagram shows three gyro assemblies: A, B and C. Among these gyros:one is a
roll gyro (noted 1)one is a pitch gyro (noted 2)one is a yaw gyro (noted 3)The correct matching of gyros and
assemblies is:
Choices
Answers Correct
A 1C, 2B, 3A
B 1B, 2A, 3C
C 1A, 2B, 3C
D 1B, 2C, 3A D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question During deceleration following a landing in a southerly direction, a magnetic compass made for the northern
hemisphere indicates:
A an apparent turn to the west
B no apparent turn only on northern latitudes
C no apparent turn C
D an apparent turn to the east
Ref All
Question A pilot wishes to turn left on to a southerly heading with 20o bank at a latitude of 20o North. Using a
direct reading compass, in order to achieve this he must stop the turn on an approximate heading of:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A pilot wishes to turn left on to a southerly heading with 20o bank at a latitude of 20o North. Using a
A 190o
B 200o
C 170o
D 160o D
Ref All
Question In the northern hemisphere during deceleration following a landing in an Easterly direction, the magnetic
compass will indicate:
A an apparent turn to the South A
B an apparent turn to the North
C a constant heading
D a heading fluctuating about 090o
Ref All
Question In the Northern hemisphere, during deceleration following a landing in a Westerly direction, the magnetic
A a heading fluctuating about 270o
B an apparent turn to the North
C no apparent turn
D an apparent turn to the South D
Ref All
Question During deceleration following a landing in a Southerly direction, the magnetic compass will indicate:

A no apparent turn A
B an apparent turn to the East
C an apparent turn to the west
Ref All
Question Among the errors of a magnetic compass, are errors:

A of parallax, due to oscillations of the compass rose
B due to cross-wind gusts particularly on westerly or easterly headings
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Among the errors of a magnetic compass, are errors:
C due to Schuler type oscillations

D in North seeking, due to bank angle and magnetic heading D
Ref All
Question A pilot wishes to turn right on to a northerly heading with 20o bank at a latitude of 40o North. Using a
direct reading compass, in order to achieve this he must stop the turn on to an approximate heading of:
A 030o
B 350o
C 330o C
D 010o
Ref All
Question If an aircraft, fitted with a DRMC, takes off on a westerly heading, in the northern hemisphere, the DRMC
will indicate:
A a turn to the north A
B oscillates about west
C no turn
D a turn to south
Ref All
Question When turning on to a northerly heading the rose of a magnetic compass tends to “undershoot” when turning
onto a southerly heading it tends to “overshoot”.
Choices 1) these compass indications are less reliable in the northern hemisphere than in the southern hemisphere
2) these compass oscillations following a lateral gust are not identical if the aircraft is heading north or
south
3) this behaviour is due to the mechanical construction of the compass
4) this behaviour is a symptom of a badly swung compass
The correct statements are:

Answers Correct
A 2, 3 and 4
B 1, 2 and 4
C 2 and 3 C
D 1 and 3
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question During deceleration following a landing in a northerly direction, a magnetic compass made for the southern
hemisphere indicates:
A no apparent turn A
B an apparent turn to the East
C an apparent turn to the West
Ref All
Question In a steep turn, the northerly turning error on a magnetic compass on the northern hemisphere is:

A none on a 270o heading in a left turn
B equal to 180o on a 090o heading in a right turn B
C none on a 090o heading in a right turn
D equal to 180o on a 270o heading in a right turn
Ref All
Question A compass swing is used to:

A align compass north with magnetic north A
B align compass north with true north
C align magnetic north with true north
D get true north and lubber line aligned
Ref All
Question An aircraft is taking off on a runway heading 045o, in still air, with a compass having 0o deviation. The
runway is on an agonic line. What will the compass read if you are in the northern hemisphere?
A compass moves to less than 045o A
B compass moves to more than 045o
C compass stays on 045o if wings are kept level
D compass remains on 045o
Ref All
Question In the southern hemisphere during deceleration following a landing in an Easterly direction, the magnetic
A a heading fluctuating about 090o
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In the southern hemisphere during deceleration following a landing in an Easterly direction, the magnetic
B an apparent turn to the South
C no apparent turn
D an apparent turn to the North D
Ref All
Question A pilot wishes to turn left on to a northerly heading with a 10o bank at a latitude of 50o North. Using a
A 355o
B 030o B
C 330o
D 015o
Ref All
Question The magnetic heading can be derived from the true heading by means of a:

A map showing the isoclinic lines
B map showing the isogonal lines B
C deviation correction curve
D compass swinging curve
Ref All
Question The purpose of a compass swing is to attempt to coincide the indications of:

A compass north and true north
B compass north and magnetic north B
C true north and magnetic north
D compass swinging curve
Ref All
Question The purpose of compass swinging is to determine the deviation of a magnetic compass:

A on a given heading
B on any heading B
C at any latitude
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The purpose of compass swinging is to determine the deviation of a magnetic compass:
D at a given latitude
Ref All
Question The quadrantal deviation of a magnetic compass is corrected by using:

A magnetized needles
B hard iron pieces
C pairs of permanent magnets
D soft iron pieces D
Ref All
Question The quadrantal deviation of the magnetic compass is due to the action of:

A the hard iron ices and the soft iron pieces influenced by the hard iron pieces
B the soft iron pieces influenced by the geomagnetic field B
C the hard iron pieces influenced by the geomagnetic field
D the hard iron pieces influenced by the mild iron pieces
Ref All
Question The compass heading can be derived from the magnetic heading by reference to a:

A map showing the isogonic lines
B map showing the isoclinic lines
C deviation correction curve
D compass swinging curve D
Ref All
Question Magnetic compass swinging is carried out to reduce as much as possible:

A variation
B deviation B
C regulation
D acceleration
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An aircraft is fitted with a direct reading magnetic compass. Upon landing in a northerly direction the
A no change A
B an oscillation to its North alignment
C a turn towards East
D a turn towards West
Ref All
Question A pilot wishes to turn right on to a southerly heading with 20o bank at a latitude of 20o North. Using a
A 170o
B 150o
C 200o C
D 180o
Ref All
Question The fields affecting a magnetic compass originate from:
1) magnetic masses
Choices
2) ferrous metal masses
3) non-ferrous metal masses
4) electrical currents
The combination of correct statements is

Answers Correct
A 1,2,3
B 1,2,4 B
C 1,2,3,4
D 1,3,4
Ref All
Question Which of the following will effect a direct reading compass?
1) ferrous metals
Choices
2) non-ferrous metals
3) electrical equipment
Answers Correct
A 1 only
B 1, 3 B
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Which of the following will effect a direct reading compass?
1) ferrous metals
2) non-ferrous metals
3) electrical equipment
C 1, 2
D all 3
Ref All
Question In the Southern hemisphere, during deceleration following a landing in a Westerly direction, the magnetic
A no apparent turn
B a heading fluctuating about 270o
C an apparent turn to the North C
D an apparent turn to the South
Ref All
Question An aircraft takes off on a runway with an alignment of 45o. The isogonic line on the area chart indicates
0o. The compass deviation is 0o. On a take-off with zero wind the northerly turning error:
A will be null
B is such that the compass will indicate a value noticeably below 045o B
C is such that the compass will indicate a value noticeably above 045o
D will be null if the wings are kept level
Ref All
Question A flux valve detects the horizontal of the earth’s magnetic field
1) the flux valve is made of a pair of soft iron bars

Choices
2) the information can be used by a “flux gate” compass or a directional gyro
3) the flux gate valve signal comes from the error detector
4) the accuracy on the value of the magnetic field indication is less than 0.5%
Which of the following combinations contains all of the correct statements?

Answers Correct
A 2, 4 A
B 1,2,4
C 1, 4
D 1, 2
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A gyromagnetic compass is a system which always consists of:
1) a horizontal axis gyro

Choices
2) a vertical axis gyro
3) an earth’s magnetic field detector
4) an erection mechanism to maintain the gyro axis horizontal
5) a torque motor to maintain the gyro’s rotor axis within its horizontal

Answers Correct
A 2,3,5
B 1, 4
C 1,3,4,5 C
D 2, 3
Ref All
Question About a magnetic compass:

A errors of parallax are due to the oscillation of the compass rose
B acceleration errors are due to the angle of dip
C acceleration errors are due to Schuler oscillations
D turning error is due to the vertical component of the earth¿s magnetic field D
Ref All
Question An aircraft takes-off on a runway with an alignment of 045o, the compass is made for the northern
hemisphere. During rolling take-off, the compass indicates:
A 045o
B a value below 045o B
C a value above 045o in the southern hemisphere
D a value above 045o in the northern hemisphere
Ref All
Question Concerning the direct reading magnetic compass, the turning error:

A does not depend on the magnetic latitude
B decreases with the magnetic latitude
C increases with the magnetic latitude C
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Concerning the direct reading magnetic compass, the turning error:
D decreases with the magnetic longitude

Ref All
Question Magnetic compass errors are:

A parallax errors due to compass rose oscillations
B due to the lateral gusts which occur when the aircraft is heading eastward or westward
C due to Schuler oscillations
D due to north change, depending on the bank angle and magnetic heading D
Ref All
Question The compass heading can be derived from the magnetic heading by reference to a:

A magnetic variation correction card
B map showing the isoclinic lines
C compass deviation card C
D map showing the isogonic lines
Ref All
Question The direct indicating compass is no more reliable when approaching:
1) the magnetic poles

Choices
2) the magnetic equator with a east or west heading
3) the magnetic equator with a north or south heading

Answers Correct
A 1, 2
B 1,2,3
C 1
D 1, 3 D
Ref All
Question The turning errors of a direct reading magnetic compass are:

A maximum at the magnetic equator
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The turning errors of a direct reading magnetic compass are:
B maximum at the magnetic poles B

C minimum at a latitude of 45o
D minimum at the magnetic poles
Ref All
Question The main cause of error in a DRMC is:

A parallax in the rose
B turning B
C magnetic deviation
D latitude
Ref All
Question A factor giving an error on a direct indicating compass would be:

A crosswinds particularly on east/west headings
B parallax due to oscillations of the compass rose
C acceleration on east/west headings C
D turning through east/west headings
Ref All
Question True heading can be converted into magnetic heading using a compass and:

A a map with isogonal lines A
B a map with isoclinal lines
C a deviation card
D a deviation curve
Ref All
Question An aircraft fitted with a DRMC is landing in a southerly direction, in the Southern Hemisphere. What
indications will be seen on the DRMC?
A turn to east
B no apparent turn B
C turn to west
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An aircraft fitted with a DRMC is landing in a southerly direction, in the Southern Hemisphere. What
indications will be seen on the DRMC?
Ref All
Question An aircraft turns from south-west to south-east when situated at 45oN what heading should you roll out on if
using a DRMC?
A 130o
B 115o B
C 140o
D 155o
Ref All
Question What is the value of the angle of magnetic dip at the south pole?

A 0o
B 45o
C 90o C
D 60o
Ref All
Question An aircraft is accelerating to take-off in northern hemisphere on a runway with a QDM of 045o. Which way
does the DRMC move?
A less than 45o A
B more than 45o
C correct if wings are level
D correct
Ref All
Question In a northern hemisphere, when turning right onto north, through 90o, what heading on your DIC should you
roll out on?
A 020o
B 360o
C 340o C
D 320o
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In a Remote Indicating Compass, what component feeds the Amplifier?

A gyro precession signal
B flux valve
C annunciator
D error detector D
Ref All
Question An aircraft turns right, through 90o, onto North, at 48N, using a direct indicating compass. The aircraft
is turning at rate 2. What heading should the aircraft roll out on?
A 010o
B 030o
C 330o C
D 350o
Ref All
Question You commence a rate 2 turn from south-east to south-west, in the Northern Hemisphere. On what heading do
you stop the turn?
A 215o
B 255o B
C 225o
D 205o
Ref All
Question An aircraft lands on a southerly direction in the northern hemisphere. The DI will:

A Oscillate about 180 degrees
B Does not change B
C Increases
D Decreases
Ref All
Question An aircraft turns from SW to SE in the northern hemisphere. Using a direct reading compass, when should the
pilot stop the turn?
A 140o
INSTRUMENTATION
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - Radio Altimeter
Question An aircraft turns from SW to SE in the northern hemisphere. Using a direct reading compass, when should the
pilot stop the turn?
B 115o B
C 130o
D 155o
Ref All
Question The aircraft radio equipment which emits on a frequency of 4400 MHz is the:

A primary radar
B high altitude radio altimeter
C weather radar
D radio altimeter D
Ref All
Question The data supplied by a radio altimeter:

A concerns only the decision height
B indicates the distance between the ground and the aircraft B
C is used only by the radio altimeter indicator
D is used by the automatic pilot in the altitude hold mode
Ref All
Question In low altitude radio altimeters, the height measurement (above the ground) is based upon:

A a triangular amplitude modulation wave, for which modulation phase shift between transmitted and
received waves after ground reflection is measured
B a pulse transmission, for which time between transmission and reception is measured on a
circular scanning screen
C a wave transmission, for which the frequency shift by DOPPLER effect after ground reflection is
measured
D a frequency modulation wave, for which the frequency variation between the transmitted wave and D
the received wave after ground reflection is measured
Ref All
Question A radio altimeter can be defined as a:

INSTRUMENTATION
Question A radio altimeter can be defined as a:
A self contained on board aid used to measure the true height of the aircraft A
B ground radio aid used to measure the true altitude of the aircraft
C ground radio aid used to measure the true height of the aircraft
D self contained on board aid used to measure the true altitude of the aircraft
Ref All
Question Modern low altitude radio altimeters emit waves in the following frequency band:

A HF (High Frequency)
B VLF (Very Low Frequency)
C SHF (Super High Frequency) C
D UHF (Ultra High Frequency)
Ref All
Question The operation of the radio altimeter of a modern aircraft is based on:

A amplitude modulation of the carrier wave
B frequency modulation of the carrier wave B
C pulse modulation of the carrier wave
D a combination of frequency modulation and pulse modulation
Ref All
Question During the approach, a crew reads on the radio altimeter the value of 650 ft. This is an indication of the
true:
A height of the aircraft with regard to the ground at any time
B height of the lowest wheels with regard to the ground at any time B
C height of the aircraft with regard to the runway
D altitude of the aircraft
Ref All
Question A radio altimeter is:

A ground based and measures true altitude
B ground based and measures true height
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A radio altimeter is:
C aircraft based and measures true altitude

D aircraft based and measures true height D
Ref All
Question In low altitude radio altimeters, the reading is zero when main landing gear wheels are on the ground. For
this, it is necessary to:
A change the display scale in short final, in order to have a precise readout
B place the antennas on the bottom of the aeroplane
C account for signal processing time in the unit and apply a correction factor to the reading C
D compensate residual altitude due to antennas height above the ground and coaxial cables length
Ref All
Question For most radio altimeters, when a system error occurs during approach the¿

A DH lamp flashes red and the audio signal sounds
B Height indication is removed B
C DH lamp flashes red
D Audio warning signal sounds
Ref All
Question The low-altitude radio altimeters used in precision approaches:
1) operate in the 1540-1660 MHz range

Choices
2) are of the pulsed type
3) are of the frequency modulation type
4) have an operating range of 0 to 5000 ft
5) have a precision of +/- 2 feet between 0 and 500 ft
The combination of the correct statements is:

Answers Correct
A 1,3,4,5
B 3, 5 B
C 1,2,4,5
D 1,3,5
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The operating frequency range of a low altitude radio altimeter is:

A 420 MHz to 440 MHz
B 460 MHz to 480 MHz
C 4200 MHz to 4400 MHz C
D 4.6 GHz to 4.8 GHz
Ref All
Question A radio signal has a frequency of 3 GHz. Its wave length is:

A 100 cm
B 1.0 cm
C 10 cm C
D 1.0 m
Ref All
Question The operating frequency range of a low altitude radio altimeter is:

A 2700 MHz to 2900 MHz
B 5 GHz
C 4200 MHz to 4400 MHz C
D 5400 MHz or 9400 MHz
Ref All
Question A radio altimeter uses:

A four antennas: two for the transmission and two for the reception
B two antennas: one for the transmission and another for the reception B
C two antennas: both of them for simultaneous transmission and reception
D a single antenna for simultaneous transmission and reception
Ref All
Question The Low Altitude Radio Altimeter uses the following wavelengths:

A myriametric
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The Low Altitude Radio Altimeter uses the following wavelengths:
B centimetric B
C decimetric
D metric
Ref All
Question The radio altimeter is required to indicate zero height AGL as the main wheels touch down on the runway.
For this reason, it is necessary to:
A have a specific radio altimeter dedicated to automatic landing
B adjust the gross height according to the aircraft instantaneous pitch
C change the display scale in short final, in order to have a precise readout
D compensate for residual height and cable length D
Ref All
Question The radio altimeter:
1) operates in the 1600-1660 KHz range

Choices
2) operates in the 4200-4400 MHz range
3) measures a frequency difference
4) measures an amplitude difference

Answers Correct
A 1 and 4
B 2 and 4
C 1 and 3
D 2 and 3 D
Ref All
Question The range of a low altitude radio altimeter is:

A 500 ft
B 2500 ft B
C greater than 10000 ft
D 10000 ft
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question If the radio altimeter fails:

A height information disappears A
B aural warning is given
C radio alt flag, red lamp, and aural warning are given
D radio alt flag and red lamp activate
Ref All
Question What does a radio altimeter, for an aircraft in the landing configuration, measure?

A height of aircraft wheels above the ground A
B height of the aircraft above the ground
C altitude of the aircraft
D altitude of the aircraft wheels
Ref All
Question What principle does the radio altimeter work on?

A pulse modulation
B amplitude modulation
C pulse modulation and carrier wave
D frequency modulation and carrier wave D
Ref All
Question What aircraft system uses a frequency of 4400 MHz?

A SSR
B radio altimeter B
C weather radar
D ATC radar
Ref All
Question A low altitude Radio Altimeter, used in precision approaches, has the
following characteristics:
Choices 1) 1540 MHz to 1660 MHz range
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A low altitude Radio Altimeter, used in precision approaches, has the
following characteristics:
1) 1540 MHz to 1660 MHz range

2) pulse transmissions
3) frequency modulation
4) height range between 0 and 5000 ft
5) an accuracy of +/- 2 ft between 0 and 500 ft
Answers Correct
A 1,4,5
B 3, 4
C 3, 5 C
D 2,3,5
Ref All
Question What is the normal operating range of a low altitude Radio Altimeter?

A 0 to 5000 ft
B 0 to 2500 ft B
C 0 to 10000 ft
D 0 to 7500 ft
Ref All
Question What is a radio altimeter used for?

A to determine aircraft height above mean sea level
B to determine aircraft height above ground level B
C to determine pressure altitude
D to determine aircraft altitude
Ref All
Question A typical radio altimeter wave length and frequency band is:

A 0.1895 m UHF
B 6.9 cm SHF B
C 3.41 m UHF
D 7.1 m EHF
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A typical radio altimeter wave length and frequency band is:
Ref All
Question The Primary Flight Display (PFD) displays information dedicated to:

A weather situation
B piloting B
C engines and alarms
D systems
Ref All
Question Regarding Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS):
1) the Navigation Display (ND) displays Flight Director Bars
Choices
2) the altimeter setting is displayed on the PFD (Primary Flight Display)
3) the PFD is the main flying instrument
4) the FMA (Flight Mode Annunciator) is part of the ND

Answers Correct
A 1, 2
B 3, 4
C 1, 4
D 2, 3 D
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-13)The next waypoint to be overflown is ___ and the estimated ___ is ___

A TIC, time of departure, 01:44
B TIC, time of arrival, 15:08
C VLM, time of departure, 01:44
D VLM, time of arrival, 15:08 D
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-05)Which mode is selected on the following Navigation Display (EHSI)?

A Expanded VOR mode A
INSTRUMENTATION
B Full VOR mode

C Plan mode
D Expanded ADF mode
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-12)The green symbol of a circle with T/D appears on the EHSI display. It represents:

A the actual top-of-descent
B the FMC calculated top-of-climb
C an en-route waypoint
D the FMC calculated top-of-descent D
Ref All

A Expanded VOR mode
B Expanded ILS mode
C Full VOR mode C
D Map mode
Ref All
Question The Decision height (DH) warning light comes on when an aircraft:

A passes over the outer marker
B descends below a pre-set radio altitude B
C descends below a pre-set barometric altitude
D passes over the ILS inner marker
Ref All
Question The Head Up Display (HUD) is a device allowing the pilot, while still looking outside, to have:

A a monitoring only during CAT III precision approaches
B a flying and flight path control aid
C a synthetic view of the instrument procedure C
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The Head Up Display (HUD) is a device allowing the pilot, while still looking outside, to have:
D a monitoring of engine data

Ref All
Question In order to know in which mode the auto-throttles are engaged, the crew will check the:

A ND (Navigation Display)
B TCC (Thrust Control Computer)
C throttle position
D PFD (Primary Flight Display) D
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-06)The diagram which shows a 40o right bank and 15o nose down attitude is:

A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4 D
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-03)An aircraft is under guidance mode following a VOR radial. From the ADI and HSI
information represented in the attached diagram, it is possible to deduce that the aircraft is:
A located to the left side of the selected radial
B located to the right side of the selected radial
C experiencing a left side wind C
D experiencing a right side wind
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-03)From the ADI and HSI information represented in the attached diagram, it is possible
to deduce that the aircraft is:
A following a radial 240o from OKL VOR A
B following a radial 229o from OKL VOR
C flying towards OKL VOR
D flying below its selected command speed, which is 220 kts
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question (Refer to figure 022-13)The T/C is a ___ and it will be reached at approximately ___

A FMC calculated top of climb: 5 NM from present position A
B actual top of climb: 15:08 ZULU
C FMC waypo0int: 15:08 ZULU
D TCAS traffic: 10 NM from present position
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-12)The white arrow in the lower-left corner indicates:

A after passing BODAL, waypoint in 8 minutes the next heading will be 305o
B current wind of 305o/8 kts is being experienced B
C active waypoint (BODAL) is located on radial 305o and 8 NM from a VOR tuned in the active NAV
receiver
D active waypoint (T/D) is located on radial 305o and 8 NM from a VOR tuned in the active NAV
receiver
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-15)What is the current active waypoint?

A ILB
B VIW B
C TIC
D TRA
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-19)What is the meaning of the white circle with (INTC) next to it?

A denotes an active waypoint on your flight plan
B indicates a location where you will intercept radial 150o to FRE VOR and track it inbound B
C TCAS indication you are being intercepted by a military aircraft
D indicates a location of an intersection airway a mandatory reporting point
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-20)On what heading is the aircraft currently flying?
INSTRUMENTATION
Question (Refer to figure 022-20)On what heading is the aircraft currently flying?

A 109o
B 115o
C 120o
D 125o D
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-20)What value is selected by the heading selector (heading bug)?

A 109o
B 115o
C 120o C
D 125o
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-20)On what track is the aircraft currently flying?

A 109o
B 115o B
C 120o
D 125o
Ref All

A Map mode
B Centre map mode B
C Plan mode
D Centre plan mode
Ref All

A Full VOR mode
INSTRUMENTATION
B Expanded VOR mode

C Full NAV mode
D Expanded NAV mode D
Ref All

A Full ADF mode
B Expanded VOR mode
C Full NAV mode C
D Expanded NAV mode
Ref All

A Map mode
B Centre map mode
C Plan mode C
D Full NAV mode
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-21)Refer to the attached Navigation Display (EHSI). What is the current active
waypoint?
A AMLON
B ANC10 B
C ILB
D TRA
Ref All
Question What colour is used to display command information on the EHSI?

A White
B Green
C Cyan
INSTRUMENTATION
Question What colour is used to display command information on the EHSI?
D Magenta D
Ref All
Question On which of the following modes can weather information be displayed?

A Map Expanded ILS Expanded VOR A
B Map FULL ILS Full VOR
C Map Plan Expanded VOR
D Plan Expanded ILS Expanded VOR
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-20)With reference to the EHSI display, the instantaneous track of the aircraft is:

A 109o
B 115o B
C 120o
D 125o
Ref All
Question An IRS is aligned in order to:

A calculate the computed trihedron with respect to the earth A
B establish true and magnetic north
C establish position relative to true north and magnetic north
D establish magnetic north
Ref ATPL A, CPL H AND ATPL H
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The flight director indicates the:

A path permitting reaching a selected radial over a minimum distance
B path permitting reaching a selected radial in minimum time
C optimum path at the moment it is entered to reach a selected radial
D optimum instantaneous path to reach selected radial D
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-01)After having programmed your flight director, you see that the indications of your
ADI (Attitude Director Indicator) are as represented in the diagram of the figure. On this instrument, the
command bars indicate that you must bank your airplane to the left and:
Choices
Answers Correct
A decrease the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic airplane A
B increase the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic airplane
C decrease the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the horizon
D increase the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the horizon
Ref All
Question On a modern aircraft, the flight director modes are displayed on the:

A upper strip of the ND (Navigation Display)
B upper strip of the PFD (Primary Flight Display) B
C upper strip of the ECAM (Electronic Centralised A/C Management)
D control panel of the flight director only
Ref All
Question The position of a Flight Director command bars:

A repeats the ADI and HSI information
B indicates the manoeuvres to execute, to achieve or maintain a flight situation B
C enables the measurement of deviation from a given position
D only displays information relating to radio-electric deviation
Ref All
Question For capturing and keeping a pre-selected magnetic heading, the flight director computer takes into account:
1) track deviation
2) rate of track closure
Choices
3) rate of change of track closure
INSTRUMENTATION
Question For capturing and keeping a pre-selected magnetic heading, the flight director computer takes into account:
1) track deviation
2) rate of track closure
3) rate of change of track closure
4) wind velocity given by the inertial reference unit

Answers Correct
A 1,3,4
B 1,2,4
C 2,3,4
D 1,2,3 D
Ref All
Question Mode Localiser ARM active on Flight Director means:

A Localiser ALARM making localiser approach not authorised
B System is armed for localiser approach and coupling will occur upon capturing centre line B
C Coupling has occurred and system provides control data to capture the centre line
D Localiser is armed and coupling will occur when flag warning disappears
Ref All
Question Where are the flight director modes displayed?

A PFD A
B ND
C EICAM
D FD control panel
Ref All
Question Flight Director Information supplied by an FD computer is presented in the form of command bars on the
following instrument:
A BDHI Bearing Distance Heading Indicator
B ADI Attitude Display Indicator B
C RMI Radio Magnetic Indicator
D HSI Horizontal Situation Indicator
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The essential components of a flight director are:
1) a computer
2) an automatic pilot
Choices
3) an auto throttle
4) command bars
Answers Correct
A 1, 2
B 1, 4 B
C 2, 4
D 2, 3
Ref All
Question The aim of the flight director is to provide information to the pilot:

A allowing him to return to a desired path according to a 45o intercept angle
B about this position with regard to a radio electric axis
C allowing him to return to a desired path in an optimal way C
D allowing him to return to a desired path according to a 30o intercept angle
Ref All
Question On which instrument are the flight director bars normally present?

A primary EICAS
B ADI B
C ND
D EHSI
Ref All
Question The command bars of a flight director are generally represented on an:

A RMI
B ADI B
C ILS
D HSI
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An aircraft flies steadily on a heading 270o. The flight director is engaged in the heading select mode
(HDG SEL), heading 270o selected. If a new heading 360o is selected, the vertical trend bar:
A deviates to the right and will be centred as soon as you roll the aircraft to the bank angle A
calculated by the flight director
B deviates to the right and remains in that position until the aircraft has reached heading 360o
C disappears, the new heading selection has deactivated the HDG mode
D deviates to its right stop as long as the aeroplane is more than 10o off the new selected
heading
Ref All
Question The heading hold mode is selected on the flight director (FD) with a course to steer of 180o. Your aircraft
holds a heading of 160o. The vertical bar of the FD:
A is centred if the aircraft is on optimum path to join heading 180o A
B is centred if the aircraft has a starboard drift of 20o
C is centred if the aircraft has a port drift of 20o
D cannot be centred
Ref All
Question The auto-pilot is in heading select mode, and the aircraft is flying on a heading of 270 deg. If you change
heading to 360 deg. the flight director:
A roll command bar goes full deflection right and then does not move until the aircraft heading is
within 30 degrees of the selected heading
B roll command bar moves to right and centres when AFDS angle of bank to intercept has been B
achieved
C heading command bar will disappear and the heading hold will disengage
D roll command bar moves to the right and then progressively returns to the centre as the
deviation from the selected heading reduces
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-07)After having programmed your flight director, you see that the flight director
indications are as represented in the diagram. This indicates that you must:
A increase the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the left A
B increase the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the right
C decreases the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the left
D decrease the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the right
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
ADI (Attitude Director Indicator) are as represented in diagram. On this instrument, the command bars
indicate that you must bank your airplane to the left and:
Choices
Answers Correct
A increase the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic airplane A
B decrease the flight attitude until the command bar recentre on the symbolic airplane
C increase the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic horizon
D decrease the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic horizon
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-39)Four scenarios of VOR axis interception are represented in the appended annex. The
one corresponding to the optimal interception path calculated by a flight director is number:
A 3
B 2 B
C 1
D 4
Ref All
ADI (Attitude Director Indicator) are as represented in diagram Number 1 of the appended annex. On this
instrument, the command bars indicate that you must:
Choices
Answers Correct
A increase the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the left until the command bars A
recentre on the symbolic aeroplane
B increase the flight attitude and bank your aeroplane in the right until the command bars
recentre on the symbolic aeroplane
C decrease the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the left until the command bars recentre
on the symbolic aeroplane
D decrease the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the right until the command bars recentre
on the symbolic aeroplane
Ref All
Question Command bars of the flight director may be present on the:
1) HSI
Choices
2) EICAS
3) CDU
4) ADI
The combination containing all of the correct statements is:

Answers Correct
A 4 only A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Command bars of the flight director may be present on the:
1) HSI
2) EICAS
3) CDU
4) ADI
The combination containing all of the correct statements is:

B 1 and 4 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 1 only
Ref All
Question Considering a flight director of the "command bars" type:

A the horizontal bar may be associated with the roll channel
B the vertical bar is associated with the pitch channel
C the horizontal bar is associated with the roll channel
D the vertical bar is associated with the roll channel D
Ref All
Question Considering a flight director of the "command bars" type:

A the horizontal bar is associated with the pitch channel A
B the horizontal bar is associated with the roll channel
C the vertical bar is associated with the pitch channel
D the vertical bar may be associated with the pitch channel
Ref All
Question Considering a flight director of the “command bars” type:
1) the vertical bar is always associated with the roll channel
2) the vertical bar may be associated with the pitch channel
Choices
3) the horizontal bar may be associated with the roll channel
4) the horizontal bar is associated with the pitch channel
Answers Correct
A 1,2,3,4
B 1,2,4
C 1,3,4
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Considering a flight director of the “command bars” type:
1) the vertical bar is always associated with the roll channel
2) the vertical bar may be associated with the pitch channel
3) the horizontal bar may be associated with the roll channel
4) the horizontal bar is associated with the pitch channel
D 1, 4 D
Ref All
Question During a final approach, if the flight director system is engaged in the G/S mode (holding of ILS Glide
Slope), the position of the horizontal command bar indicates:
A the pitch attitude of the aircraft
B the position of the aircraft relative to the ILS Glide Slope
C the instantaneous deviation between the aircraft position and the IOLS Glide Slope
D the correction on the pitch to be applied to join and follow the ILS Glide Slope D
Ref All
Question During a final approach, the flight director system is engaged in the G/S mode
(holding of ILS Glide Slope). The position of the horizontal command bar indicates:
1) the position of the aircraft relative to the ILS Glide Slope
Choices
2) the correction on the pitch to be applied to join and follow the ILS Glide Slope
3) the instantaneous deviation between the aircraft position and the ILS Glide Slope
Answers Correct
A 1
B 2 B
C 1, 2
D 1, 3
Ref All
Question During a final approach, the flight director system is engaged in the LOC mode (holding of Localiser axis).
The position of the vertical command bar indicates:
A the roll attitude of the aircraft
B the position of the aircraft relative to the Localiser axis
C the instantaneous deviation between the aircraft position and the Localiser axis
D the correction on the bank to be applied to join and follow the Localiser axis D
Ref All
Question During a final approach, the flight director system is engaged in the LOC mode (localiser axis holding).
INSTRUMENTATION
Question During a final approach, the flight director system is engaged in the LOC mode (localiser axis holding).
1) the position of the aircraft relative to the localiser axis
Choices
2) the roll attitude of the aircraft
3) the correction on the bank to be applied to join and follow the Localiser axis
Answers Correct
A 1, 3
B 1
C 1, 2
D 3 D
Ref All
Question Flying manually during a final approach, the flight director system is engaged in the G/S mode (holding of
ILS Glide Slope). If the aircraft is above the ILS Glide Slope, the horizontal command bar:
A cannot be centred
B may be centred if the pilot is correcting to come back on to the ILS Glide Slope B
C is automatically centred since the G/S mode is engaged
D will be centred only when establish on the ILS Glide Slope
Ref All
Question Flying manually during a final approach, the flight director system is engaged in the G/S mode (holding of
ILS Glide Slope). If the aircraft is below the ILS Glide Slope, the horizontal command bar:
A deviates downward, whatever the attitude of the aircraft is
B is automatically centred since the G/S mode is engaged
C deviates upward, whatever the attitude of the aircraft is
D may be centred if the pilot is correcting to come back on the ILS Glide Slope D
Ref All
Question Flying manually during a final approach, the flight director system is engaged in the LOC mode (holding of
localiser axis). If the aircraft is left of the Localiser axis, the vertical command bar:
A is automatically centred since the LOC mode is engaged
B may be centred if the pilot is correcting to come back on the Localiser axis B
C deviates to the left, whatever the attitude of the aircraft is
D deviates to the right, whatever the attitude of the aircraft is
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Flying manually during a final approach, the flight director system is engaged in the LOC mode (holding of
localiser axis). If the aircraft is right of the Localiser axis, the vertical command bar:
A cannot be centred
B may be centred if the pilot is correcting to come back on the Localiser axis B
C is automatically centred since the LOC mode is engaged
D will be centred only when establish on the Localiser axis
Ref All
Question The command bars of a flight director:

A are displayed only if the autopilot is engaged
B may be displayed when flying manually B
C are always displayed when the autopilot is engaged
D are always displayed during take-off
Ref All
Question The command bars of a flight director:

A may be displayed when flying manually or with the autopilot engaged A
B are displayed only when flying manually
C are displayed only when the autopilot is engaged
D are always displayed during take-off
Ref All
Question The flight director is engaged in the heading select mode (HDG SEL), heading 180o selected. When heading is
160o the vertical bar of the FD:
A cannot be centred
B is centred if the aircraft has a 20o left drift
C is centred if the aircraft has a 20o right drift
D is centred if the bank angle of the aircraft is equal to the bank angle computed by the flight D
director calculator
Ref All
Question The flight director provides information for the pilot:

INSTRUMENTATION
Question The flight director provides information for the pilot:
A to remain within the flight envelope

B to join a desired path with the optimum attitude B
C to join a desired track with a 45o intercept angle
D to join a desired track with a constant bank angle of 25o
Ref All
Question The horizontal command bar of a flight director:

A gives information about the direction and the amplitude of the corrections to be applied on the A
pitch of the aircraft
B repeats the position information given by the ILS in the horizontal plane
C repeats the position information given by the ILS in the vertical plane
D gives information only about the direction of the corrections to be applied on the pitch of the
aircraft
Ref All
Question The horizontal command bar of a flight director:
1) repeats the position information given by the ILS in the horizontal plane
2) repeats the position information given by the ILS in the vertical plane
Choices
3) gives information about the direction and the amplitude of the corrections to be applied on the pitch of
the aircraft
4) gives information only about the direction of the connections to be applied on the pitch of the aircraft
Answers Correct
A 2, 3
B 2
C 3 C
D 1, 4
Ref All
Question The output data of the flight director computer are:

A two channels, pitch and yaw
B two channels, pitch and roll B
C three channels, pitch, roll and yaw
D three channels, pitch, roll and side slipping
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The parameters taken into account by the flight director computer in the
altitude hold mode (ALT HOLD) are:
1) altitude deviation
Choices
2) engine rpm
3) ground speed
4) pitch attitude
Answers Correct
A 1
B 1, 2
C 1, 4 C
D 1, 3
Ref All
Question The position of a Flight Director command bars:

A only displays information relating to radio-electric deviation
B repeats the ADI and HSI information
C enables the measurement of deviation from a given position
D indicates the manoeuvres to execute, to achieve or maintain a flight situation D
Ref All
Question The purpose(s) of the flight director system is (are) to:
1) give the position of the aircraft according to radio electric axis
2) give the position of the aircraft according to waypoints
Choices
3) to aid the pilot when flying manually
Answers Correct
A 1, 3
B 1,2,3
C 3 C
D 2, 3
Ref All
Question The vertical command bar of a flight director:

A repeats the position information given by the EHSI
B gives information about the direction and the amplitude of the corrections to be applied on the B
bank of the aircraft
INSTRUMENTATION
C repeats the position information given by the VOR

D gives information only about the direction of the corrections to be applied on the bank of the
aircraft
Ref All

A repeats the position information given by the ILS in the vertical plane
B repeats the position information given by the ILS in the horizontal plane
C gives information about the direction and the amplitude of the corrections to be applied on the C
bank of the aircraft
D gives information only about the direction of the corrections to be applied on the bank of the
aircraft
Ref All
1) repeats the position information given by the EHSI
2) repeats the position information given by the VOR
Choices
3) gives information about the direction and the amplitude of the corrections to be applied
Answers Correct
A 2, 3
B 1,2,3
C 1, 3
D 3 D
Ref All
1) repeats the position information given by the ILS in the horizontal plane
2) repeats the position information given by the ILS in the vertical plane
Choices
3) gives information about the direction and the amplitude of the corrections to be applied
Answers Correct
A 1
B 3 B
C 2, 3
D 1, 3
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question To allow the coupling of a dual channel flight director:

A only one autopilot channel must be selected ON
B both autopilot channels must be selected ON B
C both VHF Comms channels must be serviceable
D both VHF NAV channels must be serviceable
Ref All
ADI (Attitude Director Indicator) are as represented in diagram number 1. On this instrument, the command
bars indicate that you must bank your airplane to the left and:
Choices
Answers Correct
A increase the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic horizon
B increase the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic airplane B
C decrease the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic airplane
D decrease the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic horizon
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-06)The FD command bars on the ADI (Illustration number 2) indicate that:

A the pilot should raise the aircraft nose and roll to the right A
B the pilot should lower the aircraft nose and roll to the left
C the pilot should raise the aircraft nose and roll to the left
D the pilot should lower the aircraft nose and roll to the right
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-01)The ADI presentation shows that the aircraft is (VSI reading zero):

A pitched up
B pitched down
C in straight and level flight C
D pitched down and rolled to the left
Ref All
Question Flight Director operation:

INSTRUMENTATION
Question Flight Director operation:
A is available in both manual and automatic flight A

B is available in automatic flight only
C is available in manual flight only
D requires at least two functioning autopilot channels
Ref All
Question Flight Director operation is selected by:

A engaging an autopilot channel
B moving both the Captain's and the First Officer's Flight Director switch to ON
C moving either the Captain's or the First Officer's Flight Director switch to ON C
D disengaging all auto pilot channels
Ref All
Question If you have selected a heading of 180o and are flying aircraft on heading of 160o to intercept the correct
course, the ADI vertical FD bar will be centred:
A only if aircraft is subject to 20o port drift
B only if aircraft is subject to 20o starboard drift
C cannot be centralised
D will only be central when flying correct attitude to intercept desired heading D
Ref All
Question When turning into a desired radial, FD bars indicate:

A 45o angle of bank
B 30o angle of bank
C 15o angle of bank
D correct attitude to intercept radial D
Ref All
Question The Flight Director horizontal and vertical bars are up and left of aircraft symbol on the ADI, these
indications are directing the pilot to:
A Increase pitch angle, turn left A
B Decrease pitch angle, turn left
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The Flight Director horizontal and vertical bars are up and left of aircraft symbol on the ADI, these
indications are directing the pilot to:
C Increase pitch angle, turn right
D Decrease pitch angle, turn right
Ref All
Question An autopilot system:

A must provide at least aircraft guidance functions
B must provide at least aircraft stabilisation functions B
C may provide automatic take off functions
D must provide automatic take off functions
Ref All
Question An automatic pilot is a system which can ensure the functions of:

A piloting only
B piloting and guidance of an aircraft in both the horizontal and vertical planes B
C navigation
D piloting from take-off to landing without any action from human pilot
Ref All
Question In a closed loop system a device in which a small input operates a large output in a strictly proportional
manner is called:
A amplifier
B auto-pilot
C servomotor
D servomechanism D
Ref All
Question During a CAT 2 approach, what is providing the height information to the auto-pilot?

A Capsule stack
B Radio altimeter B
C Captain's barometric altimeter
D Central Air Data Computer
INSTRUMENTATION
Question During a CAT 2 approach, what is providing the height information to the auto-pilot?
Ref All
Question In an auto-pilot system, A/C flight path modes include which of the following:
1) Pitch attitude holding
2) Horizontal wing holding
Choices
3) VOR axis holding
4) Inertial heading holding
5) ASI & Mach hold.
6) Yaw damper
Answers Correct
A 1,2,4
B 1,2,5
C 2,4,6
D 3,4,5 D
Ref All
Question During an automatic landing, from a height of about 50 ft the:

A LOC and glide slope modes are disconnected and the airplane carries on its descent until landing
B auto pilot maintains an angle of attack depending on the radio altimeter height
C glide slope mode is disconnected and the airplane continues its descent until landing
D auto pilot maintains a vertical speed depending on the radio altimeter height D
Ref All
Question On an auto pilot coupled approach, GO AROUND mode is engaged:

A if the aircraft reaches the decision height selected on the radio altimeter at a higher speed
than the one selected
B by the pilot selecting G.A. mode on the thrust computer control panel
C automatically in case of an auto pilot or flight director alarm
D by the pilot pushing a button located on the throttles D
Ref All
Question The control law of a transport airplane auto pilot control channel may be defined as the relationship
between the:
A crew inputs to the computer and the detector responses (returned to the airplane)
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The control law of a transport airplane auto pilot control channel may be defined as the relationship
between the:
B computer input deviation data and the output control deflection signals B
C computer input deviation data and the signals received by the servo- actuators
D input and output signals at the amplifier level respectively control deviation data and control
deflection signals
Ref All
Question The command functions of an autopilot include, among others, the holding of:
1) vertical speed
2) altitude
Choices
3) attitude
4) bank
5) heading
The combination which regroups all of the correct statements is:
Answers Correct
A 1,2,5 A
B 1,2,3,5
C 3, 5
D 2,3,4
Ref All
Question An automatic landing system necessitating that the landing be continued manually in the case of a system
failure during an automatic approach is called FAIL:
A OPERATIONAL
B REDUNDANT
C SAFE
D PASSIVE D
Ref All
Question In automatic landing mode, when the two auto pilots are used, the system is considered:

A fail operational or without failure effect with function always ensured A
B fail soft or with minimized failure effect
C fail passive or without failure effect but with disconnection
D fail hard or with failure effect and disconnection
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question When an automatic landing I interrupted by a go-around:
1) the auto throttle reacts immediately upon the pilot action on the TO/GA
(Take-off/Go-around) switch in order to recover the maximum thrust
Choices
2) the auto pilot monitors the climb and the rotation of the airplane
3) the auto pilot retracts the landing gear and reduces the flap deflection in
order to reduce the drag
4) the pilot performs the climb and the rotation of the airplane
5) the pilot retracts the landing gear and reduces the flap deflection in order to
reduce the drag

Answers Correct
A 1, 2 and 5 A
B 1, 4 and 5
C 1, 3 and 4
D 1, 2 and 3
Ref All
Question In an auto flight system, modes for stabilising the A/C include which of the following:
1) Yaw damper
2) Pitch attitude holding
Choices
3) VOR axis holding
4) ASI & Mach hold.
5) Horizontal wing holding
6) Altitude holding
Answers Correct
A 1,2,4
B 1,2,5 B
C 1,5,6
D 2,4,6
Ref All
Question Among the following functions of an auto pilot, those related to the airplane guidance are:
1) pitch attitude holding

Choices
2) horizontal wing holding
3) indicated airspeed or Mach number holding
4) altitude holding
5) VOR axis holding
6) Yaw damping

Answers Correct
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Among the following functions of an auto pilot, those related to the airplane guidance are:

4) altitude holding
5) VOR axis holding
6) Yaw damping

A 1, 2 and 6
B 3, 4 and 5 B
C 1, 2, 3 and 6
D 1, 3, 4 and 5
Ref All
Question Among the following functions of an auto pilot, those related to the airplane stabilisation are:
Choices
3) displayed heading or inertial track holding
5) yaw damping
6) VOR axis holding
Answers Correct
A 2, 4 and 5
B 1, 2, 3 and 6
C 3, 4, 5 and 6
D 1 and 2 D
Ref All
Question At 50 feet agl during an auto-land, what happens to the glide slope signal?

A is used until the nose landing gear touches the ground
B is disconnected B
C is factored for range
D is used to flare the aircraft
Ref All
Question When air aircraft, operating in the VOR coupled mode, approaches the CONE OF CONFUSION over a VOR station,
the roll channel of the auto pilot:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question When air aircraft, operating in the VOR coupled mode, approaches the CONE OF CONFUSION over a VOR station,
the roll channel of the auto pilot:
A temporarily switches over to the heading mode A
B is damped by a trim input signal from the lateral trim system
C remains always coupled to the selected VOR radial
D is temporarily disconnected
Ref All
Question In an auto pilot slaved powered control circuit, the system which ensures synchronisation:

A is inhibited when the automatic pilot is engaged
B intervenes only when the automatic pilot has been engaged
C prevents uncommanded surface deflection when the automatic pilot is disengaged
D can itself, when it fails, prevent the automatic pilot from being engaged D
Ref All
Question The auto pilot is engaged with no modes selected. What is the auto pilot providing:

A wing levelling
B altitude hold
C attitude hold with auto trim C
D LNAV and VNAV
Ref All
Question In a transport airplane, an auto pilot comprises, in addition to the mode display devices, the following
fundamental elements:
Choices 1) Airflow valve
2) Sensors
3) Comparators
4) Computers
5) Amplifiers
6) Servo-actuators

Answers Correct
A 2,3,4,5
B 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 B
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In a transport airplane, an auto pilot comprises, in addition to the mode display devices, the following
fundamental elements:
1) Airflow valve
2) Sensors
3) Comparators
4) Computers
5) Amplifiers
6) Servo-actuators

C 1,3,4,6
D 1,2,6
Ref All
Question When operating with the auto pilot in ALT hold mode what happens if the Captain¿s barometric altimeter
pressure setting is increased:
A ALT hold disengages
B Nothing B
C The aeroplane will climb
D The aeroplane will descend
Ref All
Question When the altitude acquisition mode is engaged on a jet transport airplane equipped with auto pilot (AP) and
auto throttle (ATS) systems the:
A true airspeed (TAS) is maintained constant by the auto pilot by means of elevator
B indicated airspeed (IAS) is maintained constant by the auto pilot by means of elevator B
C true airspeed (TAS) is maintained constant by the auto throttle system
D indicated airspeed (IAS) is maintained constant by the auto throttle system
Ref All
Question A pilot engages the control wheel steering (CWS) of a conventional autopilot and carries out a manoeuvre in
roll. When the control wheel is released, the auto pilot will:
A restore the flight attitude and the rate of turn selected on the auto pilot control display unit
B roll wings level and maintain the heading obtained at that moment
C maintain the track and the flight attitude obtained at that moment
D maintain the flight attitude obtained at that moment D
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An autopilot is selected "ON" in mode "altitude hold", the pilot alters the barometric pressure set on the
sub-scale of his altimeter the:
A aircraft will remain at the same altitude, the auto pilot takes its pressure information from A
the static source
B aircraft will remain at the same altitude, the auto pilot takes its pressure information from
the altimeter corrected to standard pressure 1013.25 hPa
C aircraft will climb or descend in the sense of the change, the auto pilot takes its pressure
information from the altimeter
D mode altitude hold will disengage
Ref All
Question What are the auto pilot minimum requirements in order to fly single pilot operations in IFR conditions or at
night?
A Two axis auto pilot with altitude hold and heading hold A
B Two axis auto pilot with altitude hold, heading hold, VOR tracking and Alt acquire
C Single axis auto pilot with Altitude hold only
D Single axis auto pilot with Heading select and VS
Ref All
Question An automatic landing system which can keep on operating without deterioration of its performances following
the failure of one of the auto pilots is called:
A Fail REDUNDANT
B Fail PASSIVE
C Fail SAFE
D Fail OPERATIONAL D
Ref All
Question In automatic landing mode, in case of failure of one of the two auto pilots, the system is considered:

A fail passive or without failure effect but with disconnection A
B fail survival or without failure effect with function always ensured
C fail hard or without failure effect and disconnection
D fail soft with minimised failure effect
Ref All
Question Auto land flare is initiated at:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Auto land flare is initiated at:

A 1500 ft
B 330 ft
C 50 ft C
D 5 ft
Ref All
Question In heading select the auto pilot delivers roll commands to the controls to bank the aircraft:
1) proportional to TAS, but not beyond a specified maximum

Choices
2) set bank of 27 degrees
3) set bank of 15 degrees
4) proportional to the deviation from the selected heading
Answers Correct
A 1, 2
B 2, 3
C 3, 4
D 4, 1 D
Ref All
Question The control law in a fly-by-wire system is a relationship between:

A how the pilot's control demands are translated into control surface movements A
B input and output at the amplifier level respectively control the deviation data
C computer input deviation data and flap position modification
D the versine signal between the ailerons and elevators
Ref All
Question The auto pilot basic modes include, among other things, the following functions:
1) pitch attitude hold

Choices
2) pressure altitude hold
3) horizontal wing hold
4) heading hold

Answers Correct
A 1,2,3,4
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The auto pilot basic modes include, among other things, the following functions:
1) pitch attitude hold

2) pressure altitude hold
3) horizontal wing hold
4) heading hold

B 1, 3 B
C 1,2,3
D 1, 4
Ref All
Question What are the most basic functions of auto stabilisation?
1) maintain pitch attitude

Choices
2) maintain wings level
3) altitude hold
4) heading hold
5) speed hold
Answers Correct
A 1 & 5
B 1 & 2 B
C 1,2&3
D 1,2,3&4
Ref All
Question The interception of a localiser beam by the auto pilot takes place:

A according to an interception versus radio deviation law
B at a constant magnetic course
C at a constant heading C
D according to an interception versus range and angular
Ref All
Question In a selected axis capture mode, the autopilot gives a bank attitude input:

A of a fixed value equal to 20o
B of a fixed value equal to 27o
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In a selected axis capture mode, the autopilot gives a bank attitude input:
C proportional to the deviation between the selected heading and the current heading but not C
exceeding a given value
D proportional to the aircraft true airspeed but not exceeding a given value
Ref All
Question A pilot has to carry out a single pilot IFR flight on a light twin aircraft for cargo transport. The
purpose of the automatic pilot should be at least to hold:
A heading and altitude A
B heading
C altitude
D heading and altitude, and to have a radio axis tracing function
Ref All
Question What is the purpose of the synchronisation in an auto pilot.
1) prevents snatch on disengagement

Choices
2) prevents snatch on engagement
3) cancels rudder control inputs
4) may not allow the auto pilot to engage if unserviceable
Answers Correct
A 1, 2
B 1, 3
C 2, 4 C
D 3, 4
Ref All
Question If only a single A/P is used to climb, cruise and approach; following a failure of an inner loop component:

A it is fail passive with redundancy
B it is fail operational and will not be disconnected
C it is fail soft and will not disconnect
D it is fail safe and will disconnect D
Ref All
Question Landing shall be considered as having been carried out automatically when the auto pilot and the auto
throttle of an aircraft are disengaged by flight crew:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Landing shall be considered as having been carried out automatically when the auto pilot and the auto
throttle of an aircraft are disengaged by flight crew:
A during the flare
B during ground roll B
C at the decision height
D at the outer marker
Ref All
Question During a Category II automatic approach, the height information is supplied by the:

A altimeter
B GPS (Global Positioning System)
C encoding altimeter
D radio altimeter D
Ref All
Question The Altitude Alert System:

A Engages auto pilot Auto Trim at selected altitude
B Illuminates a light when selected altitude is attained
C is annunciated by light and/or sound when airplane is approaching selected altitude C
D Disengages auto pilot Auto Trim at selected altitude
Ref All
Question The synchronisation of the auto pilot control channel system:
1) enables the prevention of jerks during disengagement

Choices
2) enables the cancellation of rudder control signals
3) enables the prevention of jerks during engagement
4) functions in the heading, navigation, approach modes

Answers Correct
A 2, 3
B 2, 4
C 1, 4
D 3, 4 D
Ref All
INSTRUMENTATION
Question When is an auto land procedure complete?

A At the inner marker
B At the beginning of the ground roll B
C At decision height
D At the flare
Ref All
Question What is the wavelength of an ILS signal?

A Centimetric
B Hectometric
C Metric C
D Decimetric
Ref All
Question The functions of an autopilot (basic modes) consist of:

A monitoring the movement of the airplane centre of gravity
B stabilising and monitoring the movement around the airplane centre of gravity B
C guiding the airplane path
D stabilising and monitoring the movement around the airplane aerodynamic centre
Ref All
Question The computers of the electrical flight controls system comply with programs defined by attitude control
laws such as:
Choices 1) on the longitudinal axis, the law may combine the load factor and the changes in the pitch rate as
control data sources
2) the trimming is automatic and ensures neutral stability
3) the protections apply to pitch and bank attitudes depending on the speed
4) these laws do not apply to the whole flight envelope

Answers Correct
A 1,2,3,4
B 2, 3
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The computers of the electrical flight controls system comply with programs defined by attitude control
laws such as:
1) on the longitudinal axis, the law may combine the load factor and the changes in the pitch rate as
control data sources
2) the trimming is automatic and ensures neutral stability
3) the protections apply to pitch and bank attitudes depending on the speed
4) these laws do not apply to the whole flight envelope

C 1,2,3 C
D 1,3,4
Ref All
Question An auto pilot capable of altitude hold and heading hold is a minimum requirement for:

A Single pilot operation in VMC and IMC
B Single pilot operation under IFR and at night B
C Aircraft over 5700 kg
D Dual pilot operation (in IFR)
Ref All
Question An auto pilot capable of holding at least altitude and heading mode is compulsory:

A on airplanes over 5.7 t
B on multi pilot airplanes B
C for VFR and IFR flights with only one pilot
D for IFR or night flights with only one pilot D
Ref All
Question When using the auto pilot, the function of the pitch channel automatic trim is
to:
Choices 1) cancel the hinge moment of the elevator
2) ease as much as possible the load of the servo-actuator
3) restore to the pilot a correctly trimmed airplane during the auto pilot disengagement

Answers Correct
A 1 and 2
INSTRUMENTATION
Question When using the auto pilot, the function of the pitch channel automatic trim is
to:
1) cancel the hinge moment of the elevator

2) ease as much as possible the load of the servo-actuator
3) restore to the pilot a correctly trimmed airplane during the auto pilot disengagement

B 3
C 1 and 3
D 1, 2 and 3 D
Ref All
Question What does the auto pilot pitch/rotate around?

A Centre of gravity A
B Manoeuvre point
C Centre of pressure
D Neutral point
Ref All
Question The correction of the control surface deflection made by the automatic pilot
calculator in order to stabilise the longitudinal attitude will be all the more significant as the:
1) difference between the reference attitude and the instantaneous attitude is high
Choices
2) rate of change of the difference between the reference attitude and the instantaneous attitude is high
3) temperature is low
4) pressure altitude is high
Answers Correct
A 1, 2 A
B 1,2,3,4
C 1,2,3
D 2,3,4
Ref All
Question When being engaged, and without selecting a particular mode, an automatic pilot enables:

A aeroplane stabilisation with attitude hold or maintaining vertical speed and possibly automatic A
trim
B a constant speed on track, wings horizontal
INSTRUMENTATION
Question When being engaged, and without selecting a particular mode, an automatic pilot enables:
C all aeroplane piloting and guidance functions except maintaining radio- navigation course lines
D aeroplane piloting and guidance functions
Ref All
Question The correction of the control surface deflection made by the auto pilot calculator in order to keep a given
altitude will be all the more significant when the:
1) difference between the attitude necessary to keep the given or reference altitude and the instantaneous
Choices
attitude is high
2) variation speed of the difference between the attitude necessary to maintain the altitude and the
instantaneous attitude is high
3) difference between the altitude of reference and the instantaneous altitude is high
4) variation speed of the difference between the reference altitude and the instantaneous altitude is high
The combination regrouping the correct statements is:
Answers Correct
A 1, 2, 3 and 4 A
B 1, 2 and 3
C 2 and 3
D 2, 3 and 4
Ref All
Question In the automatic trim control system of an autopilot, automatic trimming is normally effected about the:

A roll and yaw axes only
B pitch axis only B
C pitch, roll and yaw axes
D pitch and roll axes only
Ref All
Question The engagement of an auto pilot is not possible when:
1) there is a fault in the electrical power supply

Choices
2) the controlled turn knob is not set to centre off
3) there is a synchronisation fault in the pitch channel
4) there is a fault in the attitude reference unit

Answers Correct
A 1, 3 and 4
B 1 and 3
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The engagement of an auto pilot is not possible when:
1) there is a fault in the electrical power supply

2) the controlled turn knob is not set to centre off
3) there is a synchronisation fault in the pitch channel
4) there is a fault in the attitude reference unit

C 1,2,3,4 C
D 1 and 4
Ref All
Question From a flight mechanics point of view, the guidance functions of a transport airplane auto pilot consist in:

A monitoring the movements of the centre of gravity in the three dimensions of space (path) A
B stabilising and monitoring the movements around the aerodynamic centre
C stabilising and monitoring the movements around the centre of gravity
D monitoring the movements of the aerodynamic centre in the three dimensions of space (path)
Ref All
Question (Refer to figure 022-42)The block diagram of an auto pilot is shown in the annex. For each control channel
(pitch, roll and yaw) the piloting law is the relationship between the deflection of the control surface
commanded by the computer (BETA c) and the:
Choices
Answers Correct
A real deflection of the control surface (BETA control surface feedback)
B offset EPSILON at the computer input B
C pilot command E
D aircraft response S
Ref All
Question A closed loop control system in which a small power input controls a much larger power output in a strictly
proportionate manner is known as:
A an autopilot
B a feedback control circuit
C a servo-mechanism C
D an amplifier
Ref All
Question On a modern transport category aeroplane, the engagement of the automatic pilot is checked on the display
of:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question On a modern transport category aeroplane, the engagement of the automatic pilot is checked on the display
of:
A the ND (Navigation Display) of the pilot in command
B the ND (Navigation Display)
C the ECAM (Electronic Centralised Aircraft Monitoring) left screen
D the PFD (Primary Flight Display) D
Ref All
Question The airspeed hold mode can be engaged and maintained during:

A turns only
B climbs and descents only
C climbs, descents, and power changes only
D climbs, descents, turns and power changes D
Ref All
Question The AFDS will automatically disengage from the LNAV mode if:

A LVL CHG mode is selected
B the pre-programmed route is altered
C a new desired altitude is selected
D HDG SEL is selected D
Ref All
Question A two axis autopilot system normally provides control about the aircraft¿s:

A pitch and roll axes A
B pitch and yaw axes
C roll and yaw axes
D longitudinal and normal axes
Ref All
Question An inner loop control system is one in which:

A auto stabilisation is provided about a single axis A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An inner loop control system is one in which:
B all three axes of movement in flight are sensed and the appropriate actuator is selected
C only roll control can be achieved
D a torque limiter controls the aircraft in pitch
Ref All
Question If the Radio Altimeter fails during an auto land approach:

A the DH flashes
B An audio alert sounds
C The DH flashes and an audio alert sounds
D The RA stops showing the height D
Ref All
Question What is the most basic function of an auto pilot?

A altitude hold
B heading hold
C wing leveller C
D altitude and heading hold
Ref All
Question TO/GA is engaged:

A automatically at GS capture
B automatically when an autopilot fails
C by the pilot pressing a button on or near the throttles C
D by the pilot selecting flare
Ref All
Question . The auto synchronisation system does which of the following?
1) prevents snatching on engagement
2) prevents snatching on disengagement
Choices
3) cancels rudder input
4) works in climb, cruise and descent
Answers Correct
INSTRUMENTATION
Question . The auto synchronisation system does which of the following?
1) prevents snatching on engagement
2) prevents snatching on disengagement
3) cancels rudder input
4) works in climb, cruise and descent
A 1, 2
B 2, 3
C 1, 4 C
D 3, 4
Ref All
Question If a pilot was to carry out a roll manoeuvre, on release of the control column with the auto pilot in CWS
mode, what does the auto pilot do?
A Roll wing level and maintain heading only
B Maintain attitude only B
C Maintain track and attitude only
D Roll wing level and maintain MCP selected roll
Ref All
Question On crossing the cone of confusion of a VOR when in VOR mode of the auto pilot what will happen to the roll
channel?
A Always coupled to the selected VOR radial
B Temporarily disconnected
C Damped by a trim input from the lateral trim system
D Temporarily switches to heading mode D
Ref All
Question When only one auto pilot is used for climbing, cruising and approach, the system is considered:

A fail passive or without failure effect but with disconnection
B fail soft or with minimised failure effect B
C fail survival or without failure effect with function always ensured
D fail safe with failure effect without disconnection
Ref CPL A AND ATPL A
Question If a Go-Around is initiated from an auto land reproach:
1) the auto throttle selects GA power as soon as the TOGA switch is pressed
INSTRUMENTATION
Question If a Go-Around is initiated from an auto land reproach:
Choices
2) the auto pilot carries out the climb
3) the auto pilot retracts flap and landing gear to reduce drag
4) the pilot carries out the procedure
5) the pilot cleans up (retracts flaps and raises gear)
Answers Correct
A 1,2& 4
B B–1, 2 & 5 B
C C–1, 4 & 5
D D–1, 2 & 3
Question A landing will be considered to be performed in the SEMI-AUTOMATIC mode when:
1) the auto pilot maintains the airplane on the ILS beam until the decision height is reached then is
Choices
disengaged automatically
2) the auto throttle maintains a constant speed until the decision height is reached then is disengaged
automatically
3) the auto pilot maintains the airplane on the ILS beam until the flare
4) the auto throttle decreases the thrust when the height is approximately 30 ft
5) the flare and the ground roll are performed automatically

Answers Correct
A 1 and 4
B 3, 4 and 5
C 1 and 2 C
D 2, 3 and 5
Question During a fully automatic landing, the auto pilot:

A and the auto throttle control the approach at least until the flare
B and the auto throttle control the approach at least until the roll out B
C and the auto throttle control the approach at least until decision height
D controls the approach (at least) until the flare, the pilot controls the power
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A semi-automatic landing system disconnects itself automatically:

A at the decision height
B at approximately 100 ft B
C on ground
D when going around
Question Regarding auto pilot and auto throttle:
1) A/P holds IAS/MACH when climbing in LVL CHG and A/T controls thrust
Choices
2) A/P holds altitude in cruise with ALT HOLD, A/T controls IAS/Mach No.
3) A/P holds pitch in descent in V/S mode, A/T controls thrust
4) A/P holds altitude in climb and A/T holds Mach No.
Answers Correct
A 1 & 2
B 3 & 4
C 1,2&3 C
D 2,3&4
Question A landing will be considered to be performed in the AUTOMATIC mode when:
1) the auto pilot maintains the airplane on the ILS beam until the decision height is reached then is
Choices
disengaged automatically
2) the auto throttle maintains a constant speed until the decision height is reached then is disengaged
automatically
3) the auto pilot maintains the airplane on the ILS beam until the flare
4) the auto throttle decreases the thrust when the height is approximately 30 ft
5) the flare and the ground roll are performed automatically

Answers Correct
A 1 and 4
B 1 and 2
C 2, 3 and 5
D 3, 4 and 5 D
Question An auto land system which can continue to automatically land the aircraft after a single failure is called:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An auto land system which can continue to automatically land the aircraft after a single failure is called:

A Fail passive
B Fail Soft
C Fail Safe
D Fail active D
Question An auto pilot system whereby if one A/P fails cannot carry out an auto land is called fail ¿

A passive A
B safe
C operational
D redundant
Question An automatic landing is carried out when the automatic pilot:

A and the auto throttle ensure a correct final approach, at least up to flare out while the human
pilot controls the power
B ensures a correct final approach, at least up to ground roll while the human pilot controls the
power
C and the auto throttle ensure a correct final approach at least up to flare out
D and the auto throttle ensure a correct final approach at least up to ground roll D
Question The auto pilot disconnects (or the auto land is completed) at:

A 100 ft
B decision height
C flare
D roll out D
Question What happens at 50 ft whilst carrying out an auto landing?
INSTRUMENTATION
Question What happens at 50 ft whilst carrying out an auto landing?

A Glide slope and localiser disconnect and aircraft continues to land
B Radio altimeter controls the rate of descent
C Radio altimeter controls the angle of attack
D Glide slope disconnects and aircraft continues descent D
Question A landing is performed automatically when the auto pilot and auto throttle ensure good performance from the
final approach:
A until the flare
B during the landing roll and sometimes until the aircraft comes to a complete stop B
C until reaching decision height
D until reaching 100 ft height at which point the auto pilot is automatically disconnected
Question A landing is considered to be Automatic when:
1) Auto pilot flies the ILS to Decision Height, and then disengages
2) Auto throttle maintains speed until Decision Height and then disengages
Choices
3) Auto throttle disengages thrust at 50 ft
4) Auto pilot flies the approach and landing
5) Auto pilot flares the aeroplane to touch down
Answers Correct
A 2,3&5
B 1 & 2
C 4 & 5 C
D 1 & 4
Question Among the following functions of an auto pilot, those related to the aeroplane
stabilisation are:
Choices
5) VOR axis tracking
Answers Correct
A 1, 3 A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Among the following functions of an auto pilot, those related to the aeroplane
stabilisation are:
5) VOR axis tracking
B 1,3,4
C 1,2,4
D 1,3,4,5
Question An automatic ILS approach can be flown only:

A within a range of levels of turbulence and no limit for crosswinds
B within a range of crosswinds and no limit for turbulence
C within a range of crosswinds and levels of turbulence C
D without limits for crosswind or turbulence
Question During a category III automatic approach, the position signals in the vertical plane under 200 ft are based
on:
A a radio altimeter A
B an altimeter set to the QFE
C an altimeter set to the QNH
D an altimeter set to 1013 hPa
Question During an automatic landing, between 50 ft AGL and touch down, the auto pilot maintains:

A a constant flight path angle with reference to the ground
B a vertical speed depending on the GPS height
C a constant vertical speed
D a vertical speed depending on the radio altimeter height D
INSTRUMENTATION
Question If, in the event of a failure, the approach, flare and landing can be completed by the remaining part of the
automatic system, such an automatic landing system is considered as:
A fail operational A
B fail passive
C fail soft
D fail hard
Question If, in the event of a failure, there is no significant out-of-trim condition or deviation of flight path or
attitude but the landing is not completed automatically, such an automatic landing system is considered as:
A fail operational
B fail passive B
C fail safe
D fail redundant
Question The initiation of an automatic go-around can be:

A at Vy +/- 5 kt only
B with no limit of approach airspeeds
C at 70 kt +/- 5 kt only
D in a range of approach airspeeds D
Question The sequence of the automatic landing comprises several phases (from final approach to touch down) actuated
by:
A the distance left before the touch down zone
B the altimeter set to the QNH
C the radio altimeter C
D the DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) of the ILS (Instrument Landing System)
Question When flying level in the cruise the ___ holds height and the ___ holds the speed:

A Autopilot, Autopilot
INSTRUMENTATION
Question When flying level in the cruise the ___ holds height and the ___ holds the speed:
B Auto-throttle, Auto-throttle
C Auto-throttle, Autopilot
D Autopilot, Auto-throttle D
Question At what height during a semi-automatic landing is the auto pilot disengaged?

A 100 ft
B 45 ft
C Decision height C
D 14 ft
Question During a semi-automatic landing:

A the A/P is disengaged at DH having followed the ILS A
B the A/T flies airspeed down to approximately 30 ft and automatically disengages
C the A/P flies the approach and flare and roll-out
D the A/T flies approach speed and disengages automatically at DH
Question When must a 2 axis auto pilot be fitted in the aircraft?

A VFR or IFR single pilot
B Multi-pilot aircraft
C IFR or Night Single Pilot C
D Aircraft over 5.7 tonnes
Question If a Go-Around is initiated from an auto pilot coupled approach:
Choices
INSTRUMENTATION
Question If a Go-Around is initiated from an auto pilot coupled approach:
Answers Correct
A 1,2&4
B 1,2&5
C 1,4&5 C
D 1,2&3
Question During the Altitude Acquisition mode:

A The A/P maintains IAS using elevator control A
B The A/T maintains TAS using power
C The A/T maintains IAS using power
D The A/P maintains TAS using elevator control
Question The yaw damper indicator supplies the pilot with information regarding the:

A yaw damper action only on the ground
B rudder displacement by the rudder pedals
C yaw damper action on the rudder C
D rudder position
Question The yaw damper, which suppresses Dutch roll:

A controls the rudder, with Mach Number as the input signal
B controls the ailerons, with Mach Number as the input signal
C controls the rudder, with the angular rate about the vertical axis as the input signal C
D controls the ailerons, with the angular rate about the vertical axis as the input signal
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The yaw damper affects:

A ailerons only
B all control surfaces in a co-ordinated way
C ailerons and rudder
D rudder only D
Question The yaw damper system controls:

A the ailerons, with Mach number as the input signal
B the rudder, with the angular rate about the yaw axis as the input signal B
C the rudder, with Mach number as the input signal
D the ailerons, with the angular rate about the yaw axis as the input signal
Question The Yaw Damper system:
1) counters any wrong pilot action on the rudder pedals
2) counters dutch roll
Choices
3) is active only when autopilot is engaged
The combination regrouping all the correct statements are:
Answers Correct
A 1, 2
B 1,2,3
C 2 C
D 2, 3
Question In a yaw damper:

A ailerons are moved in proportion to Mach No.
B ailerons are moved in proportion to rate of angular velocity
C rudder is moved in proportion to Mach No.
D rudder is moved in proportion to rate of angular velocity D
Question What are the functions of FADEC?
1) engine limitation protection
2) automatic engine starting sequence
Choices
3) manual engine starting sequence
4) power management
Answers Correct
A 1, 2
B 4 only
C 1, 4
D 1,2,3,4 D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question An aeroplane is in a steady climb. The auto throttle maintains a constant Mach number. If the total
temperature remains constant, the calibrated airspeed:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Alarms are standardised and follow a code of colours. Those requiring action but not immediately, are
signalled by the colour:
A red
B amber B
C green
D flashing red
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Concerning the flight warning system (FWS), advisory messages may be:

A any colour except amber
B red
C any colour except green
D any colour except red, and preferably not amber D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Concerning the flight warning system (FWS), caution messages:

A are the highest priority alert messages
B are the next highest priority alert messages after warning messages B
C are inhibited by advisory messages
D indicate that immediate recognition and corrective or compensatory action by the crew is
required
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Concerning the flight warning system (FWS), if aural signals are provided, the signal for:

A an advisory should always take priority over that for a caution
B a caution should always take priority over that for a warning
C a warning should always take priority over that for a caution C
D an advisory should always take priority over that for a warning
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Concerning the flight warning system (FWS), warning messages:

INSTRUMENTATION
Question Concerning the flight warning system (FWS), warning messages:
A are next highest priority alert messages after warning messages

B are highest priority alert messages B
C are inhibited by caution messages
D indicate the subsequent crew action may be required
Ref CPL A AND H
Question If crew awareness is required and subsequent crew action may be required, the flight warning system (FWS)
generates:
A an advisory message A
B a warning message
C a caution message
D a call message
Ref CPL A AND H
Question If immediate crew awareness is required and subsequent crew action will be required, the flight warning
system (FWS) generates:
A an urgency message
B a warning message
C an advisory message
D a caution message D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question If immediate recognition and corrective or compensatory action by the crew is required, the flight warning
system (FWS) generates:
A a caution message
B a warning message B
D a distress message
Ref CPL A AND H
Question If warning, caution, or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit, they must, unless otherwise approved
by the Authority, be amber for:
A warning lights
B caution lights B
INSTRUMENTATION
by the Authority, be amber for:
C advisory lights
D other urgency messages
Ref CPL A AND H
by the Authority, be green, for:
A safe operation lights A
B warning lights
C caution lights
D advisory lights
Ref CPL A AND H
by the Authority, be red for:
A advisory lights
B caution lights
C warning lights C
D other distress messages
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Lights indicating a hazard which may require immediate corrective action must be:

A red A
B amber
C yellow
D magenta
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Lights indicating the possible need for future corrective action must be:

A red
B amber B
C red and white striped
D magenta
INSTRUMENTATION
Question Lights indicating the possible need for future corrective action must be:
Ref CPL A AND H

Question The flight warning system (FWS) generates a caution message if:

A crew awareness is required and corrective or compensatory action by the crew is immediately
required
B immediate recognition and corrective or compensatory action by the crew is required
C crew awareness is required and subsequent crew action may be required
D immediate crew awareness is required and subsequent crew action will be required D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The flight warning system (FWS) generates a caution message if:

A immediate crew awareness is required and subsequent crew action will be required
B immediate recognition and corrective or compensatory action by the crew is required B
C crew awareness is required and subsequent crew action may be required
D immediate crew awareness is required and corrective or compensatory action by the crew may be
required
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The flight warning system (FWS) generates an advisory message if:

A immediate crew awareness is required and subsequent crew action will be required
B immediate recognition and corrective or compensatory action by the crew is required
C crew awareness is required and subsequent crew action may be required C
D crew awareness is required and corrective or compensatory action by the crew is required
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The flight warning system (FWS):
1) draws the attention of the crew to the existence of an abnormal condition
2) gives indications to the crew to identify an abnormal condition
Choices
3) transmits automatically to ATC urgency messages
4) can not generate a false warning
5) prioritises warnings over alerts
Answers Correct
A 2,4,5
INSTRUMENTATION
1) draws the attention of the crew to the existence of an abnormal condition
2) gives indications to the crew to identify an abnormal condition
3) transmits automatically to ATC urgency messages
4) can not generate a false warning
B 1,2,4
C 1, 4
D 1,2,5 D
Ref CPL A AND H
1)
increases the situation awareness of the crew
Choices
2) transmits automatically to ATC distress messages
3) gives suitable indications to the crew of the action necessary to avoid impending danger
5) prioritises alerts over warnings

Answers Correct
A 1,3,4 A
B 1,3,5
C 2,3,4,5
D 1,4,5
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The input(s) of a VMO/MMO warning system is (are):

A static pressure only A
B static pressure and total pressure
C static pressure and aircraft configuration
D static pressure and SAT
Ref CPL A AND H
Question When the flight warning system (FWS) identifies an overspeed condition (airspeed exceeding VMO/MMO), it
generates:
A a call message
B a caution message
INSTRUMENTATION
Question When the flight warning system (FWS) identifies an overspeed condition (airspeed exceeding VMO/MMO), it
generates:
D a warning message D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The calculator combined with the stick shaker system of a modern transport airplane receives information
about the:
1) angle of attack
Choices
2) engine R.P.M.
3) configuration
4) pitch and bank attitude
5) side slip
Answers Correct
A 1, 2, 3 and 4
B 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
C 1 and 5
D 1 and 3 D
Question . The main input data to the Stall Warning Annunciator System are:
1) Mach Meter Indication
2) Angle of Attack
Choices
3) Indicate Airspeed (IAS)
4) Aircraft configuration (Flaps/Slats)
Answers Correct
A 1, 2, 3 and 4 A
B 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
C 1 and 5
D 1 and 3
Question A stall warning system is based on a measure of:

A attitude
B airspeed
C aerodynamic incidence C
D groundspeed
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A stall warning system is based on a measure of:

Question The angle of attack transmitters placed laterally on the forward part of the fuselage supply an electrical
signal indicating:
1) the angular position of a wind vane
Choices
2) a differential pressure in a probe, depending on the variation of the angle of attack
3) a differential pressure in a probe, depending on the variation of the speed
Answers Correct
A 2, 3
B 1,2,3
C 1, 2 C
D 1, 3
Question The stick shaker calculator receives the following informations:
1) mass of the airplane
2) angle of attack
Choices
3) wing flap deflection
4) position of the landing gear
5) total air temperature
6) pressure altitude
Answers Correct
A 2,3,5
B 2, 3 B
C 1,2,3,4
D 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Question The oncoming stall of a large transport airplane appears in the form of:

A control stick vibrations simulating natural buffeting A
B an orange light on the warning display
C a natural buffeting which occurs prior to the simulated buffeting
D a bell type warning
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In some configurations, modern aircraft do not respect the regulatory margins between stall and natural
buffet. The warning system supplies the corresponding alarm. The required margin related to the stall
speed is:
Choices
Answers Correct
A 7% A
B 5%
C 10%
D 3%
Question The stall warning system of a large transport airplane includes:
1) an angle of attack sensor
2) a computer
Choices
3) a transmitter originating from the anemometer
4) an independent pitot probe
5) a transmitter of the flap/slat position indicating system
Answers Correct
A 1,2,4,5
B 1,2,5 B
C 2,3,4
D 1,3,4,5
Question The angle of attack transmitter provides an electric signal varying with:
1) the angular position of a wind vane
2) the deviation between the airplane flight attitude and the path calculated by the inertial unit
Choices
3) a probe differential pressure depending on the variation of the angle of attack
Answers Correct
A 1 only
B 1 and 2
C 1 and 3 C
D 2 and 3
Question The stall warning system receives information about the:
1) airplane angle of attack
2) airplane speed
Choices
3) airplane bank angle
4) airplane configuration
5) load factor on the airplane
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The stall warning system receives information about the:
1) airplane angle of attack
2) airplane speed
3) airplane bank angle
4) airplane configuration
5) load factor on the airplane
Answers Correct
A 1,2,3,4,5
B 2,3,4,5
C 1,3,5
D 1, 4 D
Question A stall warning system is based on measuring the:

A attitude
B TAS
C angle of attack C
D groundspeed
Question . An angle of attack sensor may consist of:
1) an inertial system computing the difference between flight path and flight attitude
2) a conical slotted probe which positions itself to determine the angle of attack
Choices
3) a vane detector which positions
Answers Correct
A 1, 3
B 1,2,3
C 1, 2
D 2, 3 D
Question In case of impending stall, the flight warning system (FWS) generates:

A a warning message A
B a caution message
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In case of impending stall, the flight warning system (FWS) generates:
D an urgency message
Question The angle of attack transmitter placed laterally on the forward part of the fuselage supplies an electrical
signal which can indicate the angular position of:
1) a specific slaved pitot probe
Choices
2) a vane detector
3) a conical slotted probe
Answers Correct
A 1, 3
B 1,2,3
C 1, 2
D 2, 3 D
Question The Bourdon tube is used to measure:

A temperature
B fuel flow
C vibrations
D pressure D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The engine pressure ratio (EPR) is computed by:

A dividing turbine discharge pressure by compressor inlet pressure A
B dividing compressor discharge pressure by turbine discharge pressure
C multiplying compressor discharge pressure by turbine inlet pressure
D multiplying compressor inlet pressure by turbine discharge pressure
Ref CPL AANDH
Question The pressure probe used to measure the pressure of a low pressure fuel pump is:

A a Bourdon tube
B a bellows sensor
C an aneroid capsule C
D a differential capsule
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The probe used to measure the air intake pressure of a gas turbine engined powerplant is:

A an aneroid capsule A
B a differential capsule
INSTRUMENTATION
POWERPLANT AND SYSTEM MONITORING - Pressure Gauge
Question The probe used to measure the air intake pressure of a gas turbine engined powerplant is:
C a Bourdon tube
D a bellows sensor
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Different pressure sensors are used according to the intensity of the pressure measured (low, medium or
high). Classify the following sensors by order of increasing pressure for which they are suitable:bellows
typeBourdon tube typeAneroid capsule type
Choices
Answers Correct
A 3,1,2 A
B 1,2,3
C 3,2,1
D 2,1,3
Ref CPL A AND H
Question A Bourdon Tube is used in:

A vibration detectors
B pressure sensors B
C smoke detectors
D turbine temperature probes
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Among the following engine instruments, the one operating with an aneroid pressure diaphragm is the:

A oil pressure gauge
B manifold pressure gauge B
C fuel pressure gauge
D oil thermometer
Ref CPL A AND H
Question If a manifold pressure gauge consistently registers atmospheric pressure, the cause is probably:

A ice in induction system
B too high float level
C fuel of to low volatility
INSTRUMENTATION
POWERPLANT AND SYSTEM MONITORING - Pressure Gauge
Question If a manifold pressure gauge consistently registers atmospheric pressure, the cause is probably:
D leak in pressure gauge line D

Ref CPL A AND H
Question A manifold pressure gauge of a piston engine measures:

A fuel pressure leaving the carburettor
B vacuum in the carburettor
C absolute pressure in intake system near the inlet valve C
D absolute air pressure entering the carburettor
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The engine instrument utilising an aneroid pressure diaphragm is the:

A fuel pressure gauge
B oil pressure gauge
C manifold pressure gauge C
D oil temperature gauge
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The Engine Pressure Ratio (EPR) is computed by:

A multiplying compressor discharge pressure by turbine inlet pressure
B dividing compressor discharge pressure by turbine discharge pressure
C multiplying compressor inlet pressure by turbine discharge pressure
D dividing turbine discharge pressure by compressor inlet pressure D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The EPR (Engine Pressure Ratio) is:

A the ratio of the turbine outlet total pressure to the compressor inlet total pressure A
B the ratio of the turbine outlet total pressure to the ambient total pressure
C the difference between the compressor inlet total pressure and the turbine outlet total pressure
D the ratio of the compressor outlet total pressure to the compressor inlet total pressure
Ref CPL A AND H
INSTRUMENTATION
POWERPLANT AND SYSTEM MONITORING - Temperature Gauge
Question The sensor(s) feeding the EPR-indicator is (are):

A tachometer located on the shaft of the N1 compressor
B temperature probes, one located upstream from the compressor inlet, and another downstream from
the turbine outlet
C tachometer located on the shaft of the N2 compressor
D pressure probes, one located upstream from the compressor inlet, and the other downstream from D
the turbine outlet
Ref CPL A AND H
Question To be as accurate as possible, an anemometer must be calibrated according to the following formula:

A Bernoulli, considering the air as an uncompressible fluid
B Bernoulli, taking into account the air compressibility
C Saint-Venant, considering the air as an uncompressible fluid
D Saint-Venant, taking into account the air compressibility D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Total Air Temperature (TAT) is:

A higher or equal to Static Air Temperature (SAT), depending on altitude and SAT
B lower than Static Air Temperature (SAT), depending on altitude and SAT
C higher or equal to Static Air Temperature (SAT), depending on mach number and SAT C
D lower than Static Air Temperature (SAT), depending on mach number and SAT
Question A temperature sensor has a recovery factor oif 0.95. The temperature measured is equal to:

A 95% of the static air temperature (SAT)
B ram air temperature (RAT) + 95% of the ram rise
C static air temperature (SAT) + 75% of the ram rise C
D 95% of the ram air temperature (RAT)
Question An aircraft is flying at flight level FL 180 and Mach number 0.36. Its onboard thermometer reads TAT= 5oC.
Considering that the probe recovery co-efficient is 0.84, the present weather conditions compared with the
standard atmosphere are:
INSTRUMENTATION
Question An aircraft is flying at flight level FL 180 and Mach number 0.36. Its onboard thermometer reads TAT= 5oC.
Considering that the probe recovery co-efficient is 0.84, the present weather conditions compared with the
standard atmosphere are:
Choices
Answers Correct
A Standard + 10oC A
B Standard + 20oC
C Standard
D Standard + 30oC
Question The TAT probe measures TAT by:

A TAT = SAT + kinetic heating
B TAT = SAT heating due to compressibility
C TAT = SAT kinetic heating
D TAT = SAT + heating due to compressibility D
Question A thermocouple can be made of:

A a single wire coil
B two metal conductors of the same nature fixed together at two points
C a three wire coil
D two metal conductors of different nature fixed together at two points D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The total air temperature (TAT) is always:

A lower than Static Air Temperature (SAT) depending on the Calibrated Air Speed (CAS)
B higher than Static Air Temperature (SAT) depending on the Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) B
C higher than Static Air Temperature (SAT) depending on the altitude
D lower than Static Air Temperature (SAT) depending on the altitude
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The temperature measured by the CHT (Cylinder Head Temperature) probe is the:

INSTRUMENTATION
Question The temperature measured by the CHT (Cylinder Head Temperature) probe is the:
A temperature of the exhaust gases

B average temperature within the whole set of cylinders
C temperature within the hottest cylinder, depending on its position in the engine block C
D temperature of the carburettor to be monitored when the outside air temperature is between -5oC
and 10oC
Ref CPL A AND H
Question To permit turbine exit temperatures to be measured, gas turbines are equipped with thermometers which work
on the following principle:
A bi-metallic strip
B thermocouple B
C liquid expansion
D gas pressure
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The static air temperature (SAT) is:

A a relative temperature expressed in degrees Celsius
B a differential temperature expressed in degrees Kelvin
C an absolute temperature expressed in degrees Celsius C
D a relative temperature expressed in degrees Kelvin
Ref CPL A AND H
Question A millivoltmeter measuring the electromotive force between the hot junction and the cold junction of a
thermocouple can be directly graduated in temperature values provided that the temperature of the:
A hot junction is maintained constant
B cold junction is maintained constant B
C cold junction is maintained at 15oC
D hot junction is maintaind at 15oC
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The main advantage of a ratiometer type temperature indicator is that it:

A carries out an independent measurement of the supply voltage A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The main advantage of a ratiometer type temperature indicator is that it:
B can operate without an electrical power supply

C is very accurate
D is very simple
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The measurement of the turbine temperature or of the EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature) is carried out at the:

A high pressure chamber intake
B combustion chamber outlet
C combustion chamber intake
D high pressure turbine outlet D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The red pointer which is normally on the red line on the EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature) indicates:

A shows the limit value not to be exceeded
B moves when the corresponding value is exceeded and remains positioned at the maximum value that B
has been reached
C allows the display of the parameter value to be adopted during take-off
D shows the vibration level of the engine under consideration
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Given:
M = the Mach number
Choices
Ts = the static temperature
Tt = the total temperature
Answers Correct
A Ts = Tt x (1+0.2 x M^2)
B Ts = Tt / (1+0.2 x M^2) B
C Ts = Tt x (0.2 x M^2)
D Ts = Tt / (0.2 M^2)
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The yellow sector of the temperature gauge corresponds to:

INSTRUMENTATION
Question The yellow sector of the temperature gauge corresponds to:
A a frequent operating range

B a normal operating range
C an exceptional operating range C
D a forbidden operating range
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The airplane outside air temperature probe measures the:

A total air temperature minus compressibility effects in order t obtain the static temperature
B static air temperature minus kinetic heating effects in order to obtain the total temperature
C total air temperature minus kinetic heating effects in order to obtain the static temperature C
D static air temperature minus compressibility effects in order to obtain the total temperature
Ref CPL A AND H
Question A thermocouple type thermometer consists of:

A two metal conductors of the same type connected at two points
B two metal conductors of different type connected at one point B
C a Wheatstone bridge conncted to a voltage indicator
D a single-wire metal winding
Ref CPL AANDH
Question The white sector of the arc of a temperature gauge corresponds to:

A a forbidden operating range
B a normal operating range
C an exceptional operating range
D a special operating range D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The sensors used to measure the exhaust gas temperature on an airplane equipped with turbojets are:

A based on metallic parts whose expansion/contraction is measured
B thermocouples B
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The sensors used to measure the exhaust gas temperature on an airplane equipped with turbojets are:
C based on metallic conductors whose resistance increases linearly with temperature

D capacitors whose capacity varies proportionally with temperature
Ref CPL A AND H
Question In order to measure temperature the cylinder head temperature (CHT) gauge utilises a:

A bourdon tube
B wheatstone bridge circuit
C ratiometer circuit
D thermocouple consisting of two dissimilar metals D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The electromotive force of a thermocouple is not modified if one or several intermediate metals are inserted
in the circuit provided that:
A these metals are not the same as those constituting the thermocouple
B contact points are maintained at equal temperature between these different metals B
C these metals are maintained at a temperature higher than that of the cold source
D these metals are maintained at a temperature lower than that of the cold source
Ref CPL A AND H
Question . In transport category airplanes, the temperatures are generally measured with:
1) resistance thermometers
2) thermocouple thermometers
Choices
3) reactance thermometers
4) capacitance thermometers
5) mercury thermometers
Answers Correct
A 1,3,4,5
B 1,2,5
C 2, 3
D 1, 2 D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question A thermocouple type temperature sensing is composed of:

INSTRUMENTATION
Question A thermocouple type temperature sensing is composed of:
A two identical metals joined together at both ends (called hot and cold junctions)
B two identical metals joined together at one end (called hot junction or measure junction)
C two dissimilar metals joined together at one end (called hot junction or measure junction) C
D a single-wire metal winding
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Electrical requirements for an alumel/chromel indicating system are

A 3 phase AC for sensor plus 26 VAC for gauge lighting
B 3 phase AC for sensor plus 28 VDC for gauging
C power for gauge lighting only C
D 28 VDC for sensor plus power for gauge lighting
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The most common system used to monitor turbine gas exhaust temperatue is the:

A hot and cold junction, alumel/chromel system A
B flame switch
C fixed junction mercurial oxide/chromium system
D hot junction Tungsten/copper system
Ref CPL A AND H
Question To permit turbine exit temperatures to be measured, gas turbines are equipped with thermometers which work
on the following principle:
A bi-metallic strip
B thermocouple B
C liquid expansion
D gas pressure
Ref CPL A AND H
Question A ratiometer:

A Can measure independently supply voltage
B Is very accurate B
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A ratiometer:
C Does not require a power supply

D None of the above
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The advantages of an electriocal induction tachometer are:
1) The display is not sensitive to line resistance
2) The measurement is independent of aircraft power supply
Choices
3) The measurement is independent of temperature variations
4) The option to use without restriction several indicators connected in parallel to a single transmitter
Answers Correct
A 1, 2 and 4 A
B 2, 3 and 4
C 1, 2, 3 and 4
D 1, 3 and 4
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The signal supplied by a transmitter fitted with a 3-phase AC generator, connected to RPM indicator, is:

A an AC voltage varying with the RPM; the indicator rectifies the signal via a diode bridge and
isprovided with a voltmeter
B a DC voltage varying with the RPM; the indicator is a plain voltmeter with a rev/min. scale
C an AC voltage, the frequency of which varies with the RPM; the indicator converts the signal
into square pulses which are then counted
D a three-phase voltage, the frequency of which varies with the RPM; the indicator is provided D
with a motor which drives a magnetic tachometer
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The transmitter of RPM indicator may consist of:
1) amagnetic sensor supplying an induced AC voltage
2) aDC generator supplying a DC voltage
Choices
3) asingle-phase AC generator supplying an AC voltage
4) athree-phase AC generator supplying a three phase voltage
Thecombination of correct statements is:
Answers Correct
A 2,3,4
B 1,2,3,4 B
C 1, 4
D 1,2,3
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The transmitter of RPM indicator may consist of:
1) a magnetic sensor supplying an induced AC voltage
2) a DC generator supplying a DC voltage
3) a single-phase AC generator supplying an AC voltage
4) a three-phase AC generator supplying a three phase voltage
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The RPM indicator (or tachometer) of a piston engine can include a small red arc within the arc normally
used (green arc). In the RPM range corresponding to this small red arc the:
A rating is the minimum usable in cruise
B rating is the maximum possible in continuous mode
C propeller generates vibration, continuous rating is forbidden C
D propeller efficiency is minimum at this rating
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The advantages of a D.C. generator tachometer are:
1) easy transmission of the information
2) independence of the information relative to the airborne electrical power supply
Choices
3) freedom from any spurious current due to the commutator
Answers Correct
A 1, 3
B 1,2,3
C 2, 3
D 1, 2 D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The disadvantages of a single phase A.C. generator tachometer are:
1) the presence of spurious signals due to a D.C. generator commutator
2) the importance of line resistance on the information value
Choices
3) the influence of temperature on the tachometer information
Answers Correct
A 1, 2
B 1,2,3
C 2 C
D 1, 3
Ref CPL A AND H
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The disadvantage of an electronic RPM indicator is the:

A necessity of providing a power supply source A
B generation of spurious signals at the commutator
C influence of temperature on the indication
D high influence of line resistance on the indication
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The electronic tachometer sensor is composed of:

A the rotor of a three phase A.C. generator
B a circular magnet with four poles
C the rotor of a single phase A.C. generator
D a notched wheel rotating in front of an electro-magnet D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question On an aeroplane equipped with a constant speed propeller, the RPM indicator enables:

A selection of engine RPM
B control of power
C control of the propeller regulator and the display of properller RPM C
D on a twin-engine aeroplane, automatic engine synchronisation
Ref CPL A AND H
Question In a 3-phase synchronous motor type tachometer indicator:
1) the transmitter is a direct current generator
2) the voltage is proportional to the transmitter drive speed
Choices
3) the frequency is proportional to the transmitter drive speed
4) the speed indicating element is a galvanometer
5) the speed indicating element is an asynchronous motor driving a magnetic tachometer
Answers Correct
A 1, 4
B 1, 2
C 2, 5
D 3, 5 D
Ref CPL A AND H
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A synchroscope is used on aircraft to:

A set several engines to the same speed A
B reduce the vibration of each engine
C reduce the RPM of each engine
D achieve optimum control of on-board voltages
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The advantages of single phase A.C. generator tachometer are:
1) the suppression of spurious signals due to a D.C. generator commutator
2) the importance of line resistance on the information value
Choices
3) the independence of the information in eltion to the airborne electrical power supply
4) the ease of transmission of the information
Answers Correct
A 2, 4
B 1,2,3,4
C 2,3,4
D 1, 3 D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The signal supplied by a transmitter fitted with a magnetic sensor, connected to an RPM indicator is:

A a three phase voltage frequency varies with the RPM; the indicator is provided with a motor
which drives a magnetic tachometer
B a DC voltage varying with the RPM;the indicator I a simple voltmeter with a rev/min. scale
C an AC voltage varying with the RPM; the indicator rectifies the signal via a diode bridge and is
provided with a voltmeter
D an AC voltage, the frequency of which varies with the RPM; the indicator converts the signal D
into square pulses which are then counted
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The operting principle of the INDUCTION type of tachometer is to measure the:

A electromotive force (EMF) produced by a dynamo or an alternator
B frequency of the electric impulse created by a notched wheel rotating in a magnetic field
C magnetic field produced by a dynamo or an alternator
D rotation speed of an asynchronous motor energised by an alternator D
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The operting principle of the INDUCTION type of tachometer is to measure the:
Ref CPL A AND H

Question Gas turbine engine rotational speed (RPM) is usually sensed using either:

A a 28 VDC tachomter generator or an AC phonic wheel
B a single phase AC tachometer generator or an AC phonic wheel system
C a 3 phase AC tachometer generator or an AC phonic wheel system C
D a 28 VDC tachometer generator or a DC phonic wheel
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The operating principle of Flowmeters, or unit flow meters, themost commonly used at the present time, is to
measure across their system the:
A volume and viscosity of the fuel
B pressure and temperature of the fuel
C volumetric mass and di-electric resistance of the fuel
D quantity of fuel movement D
Ref CPL A AND H
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A paddle wheel placed in the fuel circuit of a gas turbine engine initially measures:

A mass flow by a tally of the impulses
B volumetric flow by a tally of the impulses B
C volumetric flow by measure of a voltage proportional to the rotational speed
D mass flow by measure of a voltage proportional to the rotational speed
Ref CPL A AND H
Question When compared with the volumetric fuel flowmeter, the mass fuel flometer takes into account the fuel:

A temperature
B density B
C pressure
D dielectrical constant
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The indication of a fuel float gauge varies with:
1) aircraft attitude
2) accelerations
Choices
3) atmospheric pressure
4) temperature
The combination of correct statements is::
Answers Correct
A 1,2,3,4
B 1,2,4 B
C 4
D 1, 2
Ref CPL A AND H
Question If the tanks of your airplane only contain water, the capacitor gauges indicate:

A a mass equal to the mass of a same volume of fuel
B the exact mass of water contained in the tanks
C a mass equal to zero
D a mass of water different from zero, but inaccurate D
Ref CPL A AND H
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The float type fuel gauges provide information on:

A mass whose indication is independent of the temperature of the fuel
B volume whoseindication is independent of the temperature of the fuel
C mass whose indication varies with the temperature of the fuel
D volume whose indication varies with the temperature of the fuel D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The capacity fuel gauges provide information:

A on mass whose indication varies with the temperature of the fuel
B on mass whose indication is independent of the temperature of the fuel B
C which is independent of the temperature of the fuel
D which varies with the temperature of the fuel
Ref CPL A AND H
Question In an average or heavy weight transport airplane, generally, the fuel quantity is measured by “capacitor”
gauges because these give:
1) indications partly independent of fuel temperature variations
Choices
2) indications almost independent of the airplane’s attitude and accelerations
3) indications expressed in density
Answers Correct
A 2
B 1,2,3
C 1, 2 C
D 1, 3
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The disadvantages of an “electric” fuel (float) gauge are:
1) the design is complex

Choices
2) the indications are influenced by the airplane attitude variations
3) the indications are influenced by the accelerations
4) the indication are influenced by temperature variations
5) that an alternative current supply is necessary

Answers Correct
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The disadvantages of an “electric” fuel (float) gauge are:
1) the design is complex

2) the indications are influenced by the airplane attitude variations
3) the indications are influenced by the accelerations
4) the indication are influenced by temperature variations
5) that an alternative current supply is necessary

A 2,3,4,5
B 1,2,3,4
C 2,3,4 C
D 1
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The principle of capacitor gauges is based on:

A the variation of capacity by volumetric measurement exercised on the sensor
B the current variation in a Wheastone bridge
C the variation in capacity of a condenser with the nature of the dielectric C
D the variation of flow and torque exercised in a supply line
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The basic principle used for measuring a quantity of fuel in a transport airplane equipped with capacitor
gauges is that the:
A internal resistance of a capacity depends on the nature of the dielectric in which it is
immersed
B capacity of a capacitor depends on the nature of the dielectric in which it is immersed B
C capacity of a capacitor depends on the distance between its plates
D electromotive force of a capacity depends on the nature of the dielectric in which it is
immersed
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The principl of capacity gauges is based on the:

A capacitance variation by the volume measurement carried out on the sensor
B current variation in the Wheatstone bridge
C capacitance variation of a given capacitor with the type of dielectric C
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The principl of capacity gauges is based on the:
D flow rate and torque variation occurring in a supply line

Ref CPL A AND H
Question The quantity of fuel in the tanks is measured by capacitor type contents gauges. The working principle of
these sensors is to measure the:
A di-electric resistivity of the fuel A
B height of the fuel
C volume of the fuel
D charge of condensers
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The advantages of an “electric” fuel (float) gauge are:
1) easy construction
2) independence of indications with regard to airplane attitude
Choices
3) independence of indications with regard to the accelerations
4) independence of indications with regard to temperature variations
5) independence of indications with regard to vibrations
Answers Correct
A 1,2,3,4,5
B 2,3,4,5
C 1 C
D 2,3,4
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The advantages of an “electric” fuel (float) gauge are:
1) easy construction
2) independence of indications with regrd to airplane attitude
Choices
3) independence of indications with regard to the accelerations
4) independence of indications with regard to temperature variations
5) independence of indications with regard to vibrations
Answers Correct
A 1, 2, 4 and 5
B 1, 3, 4 and 5
C 4 and 5
D 1 D
Ref CPL A AND H
INSTRUMENTATION
Question The gauge indicating the quantity of fuel measured by a capacity gauging system can be graduated directly in
weight units because the dielectric constant of fuel is:
A the same as that of air and varies inversely with density
B twice that of air and varies inversely with density
C the same as that of air and varies directly with density
D twice that of air and varies directly with density D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The basic principle of a capacitance fuel gauge system is that the:

A capacity of a capacitor depends only on the density of the liquid on which it is immersed
B internal resistance of a capacity depends on the nature of the dielectric in which it is
immersed
C capacity of a capacitor depends on the nature of the dielectric in which it is immersed C
D electromotive force of a capacity depends on the nature of the dielectric in which it is
immersed
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The electric float gauge:
1) gives a mass information
2) gives information independent of aircraft’s manoeuvres and attitude changes
Choices
3) gives information all the more accurate as the tank is full
4) is typically a DC powered system
Answers Correct
A 1
B 1,2,3,4
C 1,3,4
D 4 D
Ref CPL A AND H
Question A fuel mass capacitance system works on the principle of fuel density being:

A The same as air and inversely proportional to density
B The same as air and proportional to density
C Twice as air and inversely proportional to density
D Twice as air and proportional to density D
INSTRUMENTATION
POWERPLANT AND SYSTEM MONITORING - Vibration Monitoring
Question A fuel mass capacitance system works on the principle of fuel density being:
Ref CPL A AND H

Question Torque can be determined by measuring the:

A oil pressure at the fixed crown of an epicycloidal reducer of the main engine gearbox A
B the amount of light through a gear linked to a transmission shaft
C the frequency of a phonic wheel linked to a transmission shaft
D the frequency difference between two phonic wheels linked to a transmission shaft
Ref CPL AANDH

A phase difference between 2 impulse tachometers attached to a transmission shaft
B frequency of an impulse tachometer attached to a transmission shaft
C oil pressure at the fixed crown of an epicycloidal reducer of the main engine gearbox C
D quantity of light passing through a rack-wheel attached to a transmission shaft
Ref CPL A AND H

A phase difference between 2 impulse tachometers attached to a transmission shaft
B oil pressure at the fixed crown of an epicycloidal reducer of the main engine gearbox B
C frequency of an impulse tachometer attached to a transmission shaft
D quantity of light passing through a rack-wheel attached to a transmission shaft
Ref CPL A AND H
Question A vibration indicator receives a signal from different sensors (accelerometers). It indicates the:

A vibration amplitude at a given frequency A
B acceleration measured by the sensors, expressed in g
C vibration frequency expressed in Hz
D vibration period expressed in seconds
INSTRUMENTATION
Question In an engine vibration monitoring system for a turbo jet any vibration produced by the engine is:

A amplified and filtered before being fed to the cockpit indicator A
B inversely proportional to engine speed
C fed directly to the cockpit indicator without amplification or filtering
D directly proportional to engine speed
Question The principle of detection of a vibration monitoring system is based on the use of:

A 2 accelerometers A
B 2 high and low frequency amplifiers
C 2 high and low frequency filters
D a frequency converter
Question Vibration is indicated in the cockpit as:

A A direct reading A
B A frequency
C Proportional to the speed of the motor
D Inversely proportional to the speed of the motor
Question The output from an engine vibration transducer is:

A inversely proportional to engine speed
B always filtered to remoe unwanted frequencies B
C directly proportional to engine speed
D fed directly to the indicator in the cockpit without amplification or filtering
Ref CPL A AND H
Question A three-phase electrical tachometer consists of:

A a three phase generator, a synchronous motor and a magnetic tachometer A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A three-phase electrical tachometer consists of:
B three associated dynamos

C a speed probe and a phonic wheel
D three speed probes and a phonic wheel
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The operating principle of an electronic tachometer is to measure the:

A electromotive force (EMF) produced by a dynamo or an alternator
B frequency of the electric impulse created by a notched wheel rotating in a magnetic field B
C rotation speed of an asynchronous motor energised by an alternator
D magnetic field produced by a dynamo or an alternator
Ref CPL A AND H
Question In a modern airplane equipped with an ECAM (Electronic centralised aircraft
monitor), when a failure occurs in a circuit, the centralised flight management system:
1) releases an aural warning
Choices
2) lights up the appropriate push buttons on the overhead panel
3) displays the relevant circuit on the system display
4) processes the failure automatically
Answers Correct
A 1,3,4
B 1,2,3 B
C 3, 4
D 1, 2
Ref CPL A AND H
Question A Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) has the following
functions:
1) flow regulation (fuel, decelerations and accelerations monitoring)
Choices
2) automatic starting sequence
3) transmissions of engine data to the pilot’s instruments
4) thrust monitoring
5) engine limit protection
Answers Correct
A 2,4,5
B 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B
INSTRUMENTATION
Question A Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) has the following
functions:
1) flow regulation (fuel, decelerations and accelerations monitoring)
2) automatic starting sequence
3) transmissions of engine data to the pilot’s instruments
4) thrust monitoring
5) engine limit protection
C 1,3,5
D 1,3,4,5
Ref CPL A AND H
Question The CRTs of an EICAS system:
1) can be interchanged between upper and lower displays
2) can be compacted together into one CRT
Choices
3) are controlled by the EICAS controller situated on the overhead panel
4) do not normally show EGT on the primary display
5) normally show secondary engine indications on the upper display
6) are provided with individual brightness controls
Answers Correct
A 1,3,5
B 3,4,5
C 1, 2 C
D 1,2,5
Ref CPL A AND H
Question In the event of a failure of the ECAM system, the system will be:
1) give warnings
2) light the appropriate buttons
Choices
3) bring up the appropriate system page
4) carry out the appropriate actions
Answers Correct
A 1, 3 A
B 1,2,3,4
C 1,2,3
D 1,2,4
Ref CPL A AND H
Question What indications are received of an ECAM failure?

A Light only A
INSTRUMENTATION
Question What indications are received of an ECAM failure?
B Light and sound signal

C Aural signal only
D none of the above
Ref CPL A AND H
Question Which of the following are pages of the ECAM secondary display?
1) engine
2) fire
Choices
3) trim
4) hyd
5) wheel
6) cruise
Answers Correct
A 1,4,5 A
B 2, 3
C 1,4,5,6
D 1,3,4
Ref CPL A AND H

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Question The error in altimeter readings caused by the variation of the static pressure near the source is known

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B an antenna and compressibility correction

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1) measures differential pressure

The combination regrouping all the correct statements is:

Choices Answers Correct

The combination regrouping all the correct statements is:

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C EAS and pressure altitude C

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1) IAS becomes greater than CAS

The combination regrouping all the correct statements is:

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Choices Answers Correct

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