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Good day po everyone i am philippp(ikaw iimik) and i am Philip Paña ,we are here to
discuss the module 6 which is entitled non destructive testing
2
Non destructive testing is a inspection methods that allow inspectors to evaluate and
collect data about a material, system, or component without permanently altering it.
ginagamit ito to test all the materials ng walang nababago dun sa structure ng material
kumbaga ay dumadaan siya sa mga scanning para mabilis madetect o malocate yung
parts ng materials na may damage o para malaman yung quality ng isang material, from
the itself non destructive .

3.
The most frequently used test methods are:
Each of these test methods and some of the other methods will be discussed later in
this presentation and more detail provided in subsequent presentations.
Aalamin dito kung yung components ay may depekto to prevent the possibility of a
future fatigue or failure, tulad nalang ng mga maliliit na crack na nagiging mitsa ng
pagkasira relasyon(bagay).
Flaws reduce useful life of component resulting in premature failure even with a sound
design and proper selection of materials. To obtain high level of reliability, defect should
be absent or at minimum level. Replacement of component before its premature failure
to avoid dangerous results. Kaya hangga’t maaari ay palitan na ang mga components
bago pa humantong sa premature failure para maiwasan ang kapahamakan.
At isa pa ay Pwede magsagawa ng pagtetest sa isang bagay kahit nasa oras ng
paggamit

4. Dye penentrant
A liquid penetrant is applied at the surface of the specimen. The penetrant is drawn by
the surface flaws due to capillary action and this is subsequently revealed by a
developer, in addition with visual inspection.
In this photo, the illustration of liquid Penetrant Testing, showing cracks under ultraviolet
light.
So the difference between them is Fluorescent penetrant systems are more sensitive
than visible penetrant systems because the eye is drawn to the glow of the fluorescing
indication.

5. Procedure

the first step is always the pre cleaning of the test piece surface this must be done very
thoroughly so that any defects present here it is a crack are open to the surface. In the
second step that penetrant is applied to the test piece usually a red colored low
viscosity oil due to the penetrance high surface wetting capability it penetrates into the
defects and cracks after several minutes of dwell time. The third step is to rinse the path
surface cautiously with water, the water removes the penetrance completely from the
surface but leaves it in the crack. Now the fourth step after drying the test piece a
developer supplied on to the surface the developer is a fine grained white powder
suspended in a liquid it forms an even coating on the surface after drying it draws
penetrant from the crack out onto the surface the location of the crack is indicated
clearly on the surface

6. advantages
• This test can be applied to almost any type of metals, nonmetals, magnetic or non
magnetic type.Additionaly Simple to utilize and control and Results of test can be
interpreted fastly. Lastly cost of test is very less as it does not require any instrument or
electronic display units

7. disadvantages
• disadvantages are only suitable for surface defects no information about the depth of
flaws can be gained and rough surfaces are difficult to test you
• Cleaning of components is must before and after testing to avoid rusting

8.(ultra sonic Test)

Ang pamamaraan na ito ay ginagamit para sa masuri ang loob at ang distansya ng mga
depekto sa surface ng test piece gamit ang pagsasagawa ng sound conducting
materials.
Base dito kailangang ikonekta o dikit yung probe maisagawa ang pag ultrasound at
kapag natapos na sa bawat parte na itetest ay saka iaanalyze sound waves na
nakadisplayed sa oscilloscope at saka iinterpret ng operator. Ang oscilloscope is a
laboratory instrument commonly used to display and analyze the waveform of electronic
signals.
Sa first photo po ang gamit po ay normal probe na detection of slag in steel section at
sa second photo po ay ang gamit po ay angle probe to detect defects not directly under
the probe tulad sa weild inspection.
9. Equipment
Dine sa equipment ay may display screen at ultrasonic probe na gagamitin para matest
yung components. Sa second pic naman po ay transducer performs both the sending
and the receiving of the pulsed waves as the "sound" is at nagrereflect pabalik sa
device. Sa third pic naman po ay makikita natin sa display screen ay may apat na
traces, yung unang dalawang traces ay palatandaan na yun ang kapal ng testpiece,
habang doon sa dalawang maliit na traces ay yung presence ng faults.

10. two methods

Ang pinagkaibahan nilang dalawa ay yung transmission ay nakaseparate ang receiver
detector at yung pulse echo magkasama yung transmitter at receiver sa probe.

11. Advantages
So ayon nga, isa siya sa maganda ang accuracy sa pagtetest ng test piece dahil
natutukoy nito ang lalim kung saan may flaws o fault at nasusukat ang thickness. At isa
pa ay kahit miski small flaws ay na sesense niya. At ang pinakamaganda dito ay hindi
siya hazardous kapag ginagamit at walang masamang epekto sa equipment.

12. disadvantages
Dahil sa manual operation po ito, kaya kinakailangan dito ng maingat na pagsusuri at
syempre dapat ang tumarbaho nito ay yung mga high skilled operators o yung may mga
experience na dito, lalo na sa mga operator na nag iinterpret sa sound waves nan aka
display sa oscilloscope. So Again ang oscilloscope ay laboratory instrument
nakadalasang ginagamit to display and analyze the waveform of electronic signals. Ang
disadvantages pa ng ultrasonic test ay kapag irregular shaped at rough yung parts kaya
its difficult to examine.
for further knowledge may video po kami na ipplay ulit

So moving on the next method of non-destructive test

13. magnetic P I
magnetic particle inspection is a examination technique used to detect surface and
slightly subsurface flaws in most ferros magnetic materials.
Kaya kalimitang ginagamit ito to inspect or detect internal cracks like shrinkage cavities,
hot tears and etc

14. Equipment

Sa first picture ilalagay ang test piece between the two poles of an electromagnet. Ang
sunod nagagawin ay ituturn on ang electromagnet gamit ang foot switch and applies
the suspension of magnetic particles onto the test piece yun po liquid. Kahit maliwanag
ay kita yung dark lines sa surface at yun ay shows a whole array of cracks, mas
makikita kapag nakaultraviolet light, hindi lang yan mas kita kung madilim at naka
ultraviolet light.
Sa second pic naman ay dry powder o ferromagnetic powder ang gamit, hindi tulad ng
sa unang pic na liquid. Yung second ay yung nasa procedure natin.

15. procedure
So the following illustrate basic steps to use with the dry powder
First step is clean the surface to be examined. This may be accomplished using
detergents , organic solvents or any cleaning method. Second step is introduce a
magnetic field into the part. Third step is apply the ferromagnetic medium, while the part
is magnetized. The fourth step is to remove excess ferromagnetic medium with a light
air stream from a bulb, syringe, ot other source of low-pressure dry air. Fifth step is
interpret and evaluate any indications to the applicable acceptance standard. And the
last step is turn the yoke 90 degrees from the original position and repeat steps 2-5.
Clean and demagnetize if necessary.

the next reporter is sharra mae and she going to discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of magnetic particle inspection and the others non destructive testing
methods
This chapter presents the different types of non-destructive testing. Liquid penetrant testing, ultrasonic
testing, magnetic particle inspection and radiographic test as well as its uses and application will be
discussed in this chapter. The equipment and processes involved in conducting the test will also be
discussed. The advantages and disadvantage of the test will be tackled in this chapter