Updated September 2021

ENGLISH LANGUAGE PREP PROGRAM PRE-FACULTY LEVEL WORDLIST

HEADWORD VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE ADVERB COLLOCATION

1. Abortion abort abortion have an abortion
anti-abortion campaigners
2. Absolute absolute absolutely have absolute confidence
absolutely amazing
3. Abstract abstract / abstraction abstract abstract idea /concept
4. Accompany accompany accompaniment accompanied be accompanied by
someone
5. Accountable account account accountable on account of
accountability bank account
make someone / hold someone
accountable for sth
6. Accumulate accumulate accumulation accumulated slowly / rapidly accumulate
begin to accumulate lead to
/ prevent accumulation
7. Accustomed accustomed be / become / get accustomed to
something
8. Acknowledge acknowledge acknowledgement openly / publicly
acknowledge acknowledgement
from someone
9. Additive add addition additive food additive
10. Adjust adjust adjustment adjustable quickly adjust / be difficult /
hard to adjust fully
adjustable
11. Administer administer administration administrative administer an exam
administrative duties
12. Address address address an issue/address the audience
13. Advance advance/advancement advanced in advance/ advanced level
14. Advocate advocate advocate, advocacy advocate for, be an advocate of
15. Agenda agenda political/economic/legislative/
domestic etc agenda
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set an agenda
16. Allowance allow allowance weekly / daily allowance
get / receive allowance
17. Ally ally ally have an ally/ find an ally
ally yourself to/ with
someone
18. Alter alter alteration make alterations / undergo
alteration
19. Ambiguity ambiguousness ambiguous ambiguously Ambiguous smile
ambiguity Ambiguous reply
20. Analyst analyse analyst analytical analyse carefully/critically/fully in
analysis depth / detailed
/objective analysis leading /
computer / business / political
analyst
21. Ancestor ancestor ancestry common ancestry
claim / have / share ancestry
22. Angle angle from an angle / angle of /
angle between
23. Anonymous anonymity anonymous anonymously anonymous donor/benefactor
anonymous donor/benefactor
anonymous author of a collection of
poems
24. Apologetic apologize apology apologetic be/feel/look/sound
apologetic
make an apology / expect an apology
apologize for something apologize to
someone
25. Appendix appendix something in the appendix
26. Applaud applaud applause
27. Appoint appoint appointment appoint someone to do
something / appoint someone as
something make an
appointment
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28. Approach approach approach approachable approach somebody for

something
approach a problem /task the
approach of something
29. Arch arch
30. Arise arise arise from / arise out of
31. Artificial artificial artificially artificial flowers / light
32. Ash ash
33. Assemble assemble assembly The crowd/ the team assembled
assemble in the garden

34. Assert assert assertion assertive assertively assert your

assertiveness rights/independence/superiority

35. Assure assure assurance assuring assure someone

assuring parent
36. Atmosphere atmosphere
37. Attain attain attainability attainable perfectly / fully / easily
attainable
38. Attorney attorney
39. Attribute attribute attribute attributive attribute sth to s.o
attribution
40. Authority authorize authority authoritarian / deny / refuse / reject /
authoritative undermine authority
authorize sb to do sth
41. Automate automate automation automatic, automated automatically fully automated, automatic car
42. Axe axe
43. Backbone backbone
44. Barrel barrel

45. Basis base basis basic basically base sth on sth

basis for
on a ...basis
46. Beak beak bird beak
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47. Bear bear bearable/ unbearable to be/ become bearable

to make sth bearable
bear with sb
bear a child
48. Beast beast beastly
49. Bend bend bend over / down
50. Beneath beneath
51. Beneficiary beneficiary beneficiary of
52. Bet bet
53. Bias bias biased political / gender / racial
unbiased bias
54. Bid bid bid bid against / bid for
make / place a bid
55. Bind bind binding be bound to
56. Blade blade
57. Boost boost boost boosted give sb / provide sb with
booster boost / boost somebody's
confidence
confidence booster
58. Border border on the border /across the
border / cross the border
59. Bother bother bother bother to do something, bother
somebody
60. Bound bound bound within the bounds / out of
bounds
bound to do something
61. Boundary boundary common / northern / state
boundary
62. Breadth breadth breadth of sth
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63. Breed breed breed rare breed / pure breed

64. Bribe bribe bribe someone to do sth

bribe bribery bribe someone with sth
65. Brief brief brief briefly

66. Broad broaden broad broad range

broaden your horizons
67. Brush brush brush brush your hair / teeth

68. Bubble bubble

69. Bulk bulk bulk of something

70. Bundle bundle bundle bundled bundle of something

in a bundle
71. Burden burden burden burden sb with problems
be a burden on sb
be burdened with sth
72. Campaign campaign campaign launch / start / organise /
run / manage a campaign
73. Candidate candidate

74. Capability capability/incapability capable / incapable have capability

(of) be capable of doing
something
75. Capture capture capture/ captive captured try to / manage to / attempt
to capture
76. Careless care care careless carelessly take care / provide
carelessness someone with care / care
about
become / get / grow
careless
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77. Carriage carriage horse-drawn carriage/ train

carriage
78. Casualty casualty road casualties
civilian casualties
cause/inflict casualties
79. Category categorize category categorize into
put sth into a category
80. Cater cater cater for needs

81. Cease cease ceasefire declare /negotiate ceasefire cease to

exist
82. Ceremony ceremony ceremonial brief / formal / official
ceremony
83. Chamber chamber

84. Charge charge charge charge sb with doing sth /be charged
with murder /deny the charges

85. Cheat cheat cheat / cheater cheat on someone / turn

someone into a cheat
86. Chief chief chiefly chief of police / staff

87. Cite cite citation cited works cited

88. Civil civilian be civil to someone

civil civil war
89. Clap clap clap give someone a big clap /
clap loudly
90. Client client

91. Cliff cliff

92. Coal coal

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93. Code code code coded/ encoded break / write in code / a

encode code of behaviour /
conduct/ practice
94. coincide coincide coincidence coincidental Our views/schedules coincide
pure coincidence, by coincidence
it is a / not a /no coincidence that…
coincide with

95. Collapse collapse collapse from sth

96.

97. Collaborate collaborate collaboration collaborative collaborate with someone /

on something
collaborate in doing sth

98. Colonise colonise, Colony, colonization Colonized, colonial establish a colony

99. Comfort comfort comfort comfortable / find / get / seek comfort

comforting
100. Commentary commentary radio / sports / news
commentary
101. Commerce commerce commercial cinema / radio / TV
commercial
do / make a commercial domestic /
international commerce
102. Commodity commodity basic / common / cheap
commodity
103. Company accompany company have company/ accompany someone
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104. Compatible compatibility, compatible / compatible with

incompatibility incompatible

105. Compensate compensate compensation compensated compensate for something

get / receive / gain
compensation
106. Competence competence, competent, competently, competence in, competence of, have
incompetence incompetent incompetently competence, demonstrate
competence, develop competence,
lack competence,
very/highly/extremely competent/
competent to do something
107. Compile compile compilation compile something from /
for sth
a compilation of
108. Compose compose composer / compose sth, compose a poem/song,
composition be composed of sth
109. Comprehensive comprehend comprehension comprehensive / extremely / fully / quite
comprehensible comprehensive
110. Comprise comprise comprised be comprised of

111. Compromise compromise compromise compromised agree on / arrive at / come to / reach

a compromise
112. Concern concern concern concerned, concerned about,
concerning be concerned with

113. Concrete concrete concretely concrete evidence

114. Conclusive conclude conclusion conclusive/inconclus come to a conclusion / in

ive conclusion
115. Confirm confirm confirmation confirmed wait for / have / get
confirmation
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116. Confidential confidentiality confidential confidentially keep records confidential

strictly confidential
confidential report
117. Conform conform conformity conform to
conformist
118. Confront confront confrontation confront sb

119. Conscience conscience

120. Consensus consensus arrive at / reach a

consensus
121. Conservative conservatism conservative

122. Consistent (in)consistency (in)consistent be consistent with,

be (in)consistent with

123. Constant constant remain / stay constant

124. Constitute constitute constitution draw up / prepare / adopt / enact a

constitution

125. Constrain constrain constraint constrained constraint on

126. Consult consult consultation / consult sb about sth

consultant
127. Contaminate contaminate contamination contaminated

128. Contest contest / contestant

129. Contradict contradict contradiction

130. Controversial controversy controversial cause / create controversy

131. Convene convene convention conventional conventionally annual / international

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convention
132. Coordinate coordinate coordination coordinated coordinate with / lack of
coordination
color coordinated
133. Corporate corporation corporate corporate crime

134. Correlation correlate correlation correlative strong/high/close/significant

correlation

135. Correspond correspond correspondence correspond to, correspond with

somebody, x corresponds with/to y
136. Cotton cotton

137. Coverage cover coverage live coverage

138. Crack crack crack

139. Craft craft

140. Creation create creation / creativity creative creatively

/ creator
141. Creature creature

142. Crown crown

143. Cultivate cultivate cultivation cultivated

144. Curse curse curse curse for

145. Cynical cynical

146. Dare dare dare daring How dare you !

I dare you to ...
147. Dam dam build a dam
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148. Data data collect data

149. date date date someone/ date something to

something
sign and date a document
150. Debate debate debate debatable debate about / on
debate between
have a debate
151. Deceive deceive deception / deceit deceptive, deceitful deceitfully deceptive appearance,

deceive someone/yourself

152. Declare declare declaration declarative declare a state of emergency declare

a war
declare something illegal/invalid etc
declare bankrupt/ independence
153. Deed deed

154. Deer deer

155. Defeat defeat defeat (un)defeated accept / admit defeat

156. Defend defend defense defensive defend against

157. Deficiency deficiency deficient deficiency of, iron deficiency,

vitamin deficiency, deficient in,
deficiency in
158. Deficit deficit budget/trade deficit
deficit in food supply
159. Delicate delicacy delicate delicately delicate matter

160. demolish demolish demolition demolished demolish an old building/ demolish

an argument
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161. Derive derive derive from

162. Depress depress depression depressive depressively feel depressed

depressed
depressing
163. Deprive deprivation deprived deprive somebody of something,
social/economic/emotional
deprivation, sleep deprived

164. desert desert desert the town is an intellectual desert.

be lost in the desert
desert someone
165. Deserve deserve

166. Desire desire desire desire for sth

167. Despair despair /

desperation in / with despair
168. Detection detect detection/
detective
169. Deter deter deterrent deterrent law / deter sb from doing sb

170. Deviate deviate deviation deviate from

171. Diagnose diagnose diagnosis diagnostic to diagnose correctly/ wrongly

to make / give diagnosis / diagnose
somebody as (having) something (a
disease), diagnose somebody with
something (a disease), run
diagnostic tests, run diagnostics on
sth (technology/machinery)
172. Dialect dialect Chinese/Yorkshire dialect
local dialect
173. Dictate dictate dictator dictatorial dictate the terms of an agreement
dictatorship dictatorial government
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174. Disguise disguise disguise disguise yourself as

somebody/something
175. Dispute dispute dispute disputed (border/ a bitter/long-running dispute
territory/goal) dispute over a problem
a pay/legal/trade dispute
disputable, to be in dispute with someone
indisputable hotly disputed (passive), have a
dispute over sth, a dispute between
people/countries
176. Disrupt disrupt disruption disruptive disrupt the flow of something,
disruptive behavior, disruption of
something, economic/major/massive
disruption
177. Distract distract distraction distracted distract
somebody/something from
something
178. Devote devote devotion devoted devote yourself to sth
devoted to show
devotion
179. Differentiate differentiate different differentiate between
differentiate from
180. Dig dig digger dig for sth

181. Dimension dimension dimensional in two / three dimensions

182. Diminish diminish

183. Dine dine dinner dine out

184. Direct direct director direct direct a film / film director

be extremely / very / quite direct
185. Discriminate discriminate discrimination discriminate positively/ unfairly
discriminate against age / class /
gender / race
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discrimination against somebody

186. Dismiss dismiss dismissal dismissive dismissal of somebody

dismissed reason for dismissal class /
meeting is dismissed
187. Disobey disobey / obey disobedience / obedient/disobedient disobedience to somebody punish
obedience somebody for disobedience

188. Display display display clearly/ prominently/

proudly display
189. Dispose dispose disposal disposable rubbish/ sewage/ waste
disposal dispose of
sth
190. Disregard disregard disregard demonstrate / show
disregard for / of sth
191. Disrespect disrespect disrespect (dis)respectful have/ show/ treat somebody with
disrespect
192. Dissimilar dissimilar / similar be / appear / look dissimilar
from / to
193. Dissolve dissolve dissolver dissolvable
dissolvent
194. Distinct distinction distinct / distinctive become / remain distinct
crucial/ important/ main
distinction between
195. Distort distort distortion seriously/ severely distort sth
cause/ create/ lead to
distortion of sth
196. Ditch ditch ditch deep/ wide shallow ditch

197. Diverse diversify diversity diverse diversely growing/ considerable

ethnic/ genetic diversity
diversity in / of sth
culturally diverse
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198. Domain domain private / public domain

199. Domesticate domesticate domestic domestic market/ economy/

domesticated pets
200. Dominate dominate dominance / dominant dominantly achieve/ assert dominance over sb/sth
domination seem/ become/ remain dominant
largely/ increasingly dominate
complete/ cultural/ political
domination

201. Dove dove peace dove

202. Downward downward downwards

203. Drag drag

204. Drawer drawer open/ pull a drawer

205. Drugstore drugstore

206. Eager eagerness eager eagerly appear/ seem eager/ be eager to do

sth
207. Ease ease ease easy easily great/ remarkable ease in
begin to / try to ease
208. Edge edge on the edge

209. Elastic elastic elastic band

210. Element element basic/ crucial/ essential

element
211. Eliminate eliminate elimination eliminate from

212. Emerge emerge emergence emerge from/ into

emergence of
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213. Emit emit emission carbon dioxide emissions/

emission levels
to cut/ reduce emissions
214. Empathy empathize empathy empathetic/empathic empathy for/with, empathize with
somebody
215. Emphasis emphasize emphasis emphatic place/ p u t emphasis on
considerable/ great
emphasis
strongly emphasize
216. Enable enable enabling enable sb / sth to do sth

217. Endurance endure endurance endurable endurance test

endure doing sth
218. Enemy enemy defeat/ destroy/ confront/
face an enemy
219. Energetic energize energy energetic renewable/ nuclear/ solar
energy
generate/ supply/ consume energy
220. Enforce enforce enforcement enforced fully/ strictly enforced
strict/ effective enforcement law/
legal/ police enforcement
enforce a law / rule / policy
221. Engage engage engagement engaged / engaging engage s in sth
previous/ prior engagement deeply/
heavily engaged
222. Entitle entitle entitlement entitled be entitled to do sth
entitle sb to do sth entitlement to
holiday/ benefit/ pension
entitlement
223. Equivalent equivalence, equivalent equivalent to, equivalent of
equivalent
224. Essence essence real/ true essence
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225. Estimation estimate estimate (under/ difficult to/ hard to estimate early/
overestimate (under/ over)estimated initial estimate
underestimate over)estimation make an estimate
estimation of the cost
226. Ethnic ethnic ethnic origin/ ethnic
violence
227. Evidence evidence evident evidently convincing/ decisive
evidence
it is evident that ...
228. Evolution evolve evolution evolved gradual/ rapid/ natural
evolution
evolve from/ evolve into
229. Evoke evoke evoke memories

230. Exceed exceed excess excessive excessively expected to/ likely to

exceed, excess of, an excess of
something/ in excess of something
231. Executive execute executive executive Chief Executive Officer
(CEO)/ executive decision
232. Exhibit exhibit exhibition small/ important/ major
exhibition exhibit
symptoms
233. Exit exit exit

234. Expense expense expensive leading/ medical/ travel

expenses
235. Expertise expertise/ expert lack/ need / require
expertise
236. Exploit exploit exploitation military/ sexual exploit
be open to/ be vulnerable to
exploitation
237. Extrinsic extrinsic extrinsic rewards/motivation
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238. Facilitate facilitate facilitation/ further facilitate

facilitator
239. Facility facility childcare/ leisure facilities

240. Fade fade quickly fade/ fade away/

begin to fade
241. Famine famine widespread famine / die of famine

242. Feasible feasibility feasible/ infeasible economically/technically/

politically feasible
243. Feast feast have a feast

244. Fellow fellow fellow fellow traveller

245. Fierce fierce fiercely fierce attack/ opposition/

criticism
246. File file file alphabetically file
fat/ thick/ secret/ case file
247. Fine fine fine fined pay a (high) fine
a library/ parking fine
248. Finite/Infinite infinity finite/infinite finite resources
infinity of sth
249. Fitness fitness fit

250. Flame flame

251. Flaw flaw flawed, flawless flaw in, serious flaw, major flaw,
basic flaw, minor flaw, seriously
flawed, fundamentally flawed

252. Flesh flesh

253. Flood flood flood flooded

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254. Flourish flourish flourishing flourishing economy

255. Fluctuate fluctuate fluctuation sharply/ considerably fluctuate

fluctuate between A and B
cause fluctuation
256. Fond fondness fond be fond of great/
special fondness

257. Forever forever forever and ever

go on forever
258. Foresee foresee foresight foreseeable foresee consequences/problems/
challenges
have the foresight to do sth
259. Foster foster foster Foster a child
Foster family/kid
260. Foundation found foundation founded The British Heart
Foundation
261. Frozen freeze freezer frozen freeze to death

262. Fundamental fundamental fundamentally seem/ remain/ consider sth/ regard

sth as fundamental truth/
fundamentally wrong
263. Funeral funeral funeral ceremony/ service

264. Fur fur furry thick/ soft/ artificial/ fake fur

265. Furnish furnish furniture furnished fully furnished/ garden

furniture
266. Gain gain gain gain control/ power/
reputation
financial/ economic gain
267. Gap gap gap between
 Updated September 2021

268. Genius genius

269. Gentle gentleman gentle gently appear/ look/ seem gentle

perfect/ real/ true
gentleman
270. Gifted gift gifted be gifted in

271. Glue glue glue put on glue

272. Grab grab try to/ manage to grab

273. Grain grain

274. Grease grease covered in grease/ remove/

dissolve grease
275. Grand grandness grand grandly

276. Gravity gravity force of gravity

277. Grind grind grinder

278. Guarantee guarantee guarantee guaranteed full/ life time guarantee

279. Guideline guide guideline guided practical/ clear/ helpful

guidelines
develop/ draw up/ offer/ stick to
guidelines
280. Hack hack hacker, hack hack into, life hack

281. Hang hang hang upside down/ hang

from a place
282. Hardship hardship hard cause/ endure/ experience/ face
hardships
283. Harvest harvest harvest/ harvester good/ large / rich harvest
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284. Haste haste hasty hastily frantic/ great haste

with / without haste
285. Hay hay

286. Heel heel high-heels

287. Hence Hence

288. Hero hero / heroine great/ brave hero

become/ turn into a hero
289. Hierarchy hierarchy hierarchical hierarchically hierarchical structure/ organisation

290. Hinder hinder hindrance be likely to/ tend to hinder

without hindrance
291. Hip hip

292. Hire hire hire hired hire charge/ cost/ for hire
hire locally/ by the day/ by the
week
293. Historian historian/ history historical historically contemporary/ early/ recent
history
throughout history change
the course of history
294. Hollow hollow dark/ natural/ deep hallow

295. Holy holy holy city/ man/ book

296. Hook hook hooked be/ become/ get hooked

297. Hopeless /Hopeful hope hope hopeless /hopeful hopefully hope for/ look seem
hopeless
298. Hostile hostility hostile hostile to/towards
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299. Horizon horizon northern/ southern/ distant

horizon
broaden/ expand/ widen
horizons
300. Horizontal/Vertical horizontal/vertical horizontally/ Horizontal/Vertical line
vertically
301. Humble humble humbly in my humble opinion/
humble apologies

302. Humid humidify humidity humid a humid climate/ high/ low

humidity
humidity level
303. Humiliate humiliate humiliation humiliating humiliating defeat/ humiliate sb

304. Hunger hunger hungry extreme hunger/ feel

hunger
become/ get/ make sb hungry
305. Hunt hunt hunter/ hunting fox/ seal/ tiger hunt
massive/ nationwide hunt treasure
hunt
306. Hypothetical hypothesis hypothetical hypothetically acceptable/ working
hypothesis
entirely/ purely/ totally
hypothetical
307. Identical identical identically look/ seem identical
identical to / with
308. Ideological ideology ideological ideologically dominant/ official/ capitalist/
socialist ideology
309. Idle idle idly remain/ leave/ make sth idle

310. Ignorant ignore ignorance ignorant show ignorance

appear/ seem/ seem/ remain
ignorant
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311. Illegal/Legal legalize legality Illegal /legal become/ be legal

challenge/ question/ assert/ recognise
legality
312. Imitate imitate imitation imitated accurate/ good/ poor
imitation
313. Immense immense immensely

314. Implication imply implication be implicated in sth

considerable/ crucial/ major/
important implications
315. Imprison imprison imprisonment falsely/ wrongly/ temporarily
imprison ten years/
immediate / life imprisonment
316. Improbable/probable probability improbable/probable highly probable
probable outcome/ result/
probably consequence
317. Improper/Proper improper/proper properly/ proper way/ place
improperly
318. Impure/Pure purity / impurity impure/pure purely pure silk
pure chance/ coincidence purity of
tap water
319. Inaccessible/Accessi access access/ (in) inaccessible/accessib make sth/ become/ remain
ble accessibility le accessible
320. Incentive incentive big/ considerable/ sufficient/
more/ less/ financial
incentive
321. in charge

322. Inborn inborn Inborn ability/ inborn quality/ inborn

talent, inborn genetic factors
323. Incident incident incidental incidentally major/ serious incident
incidence
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324. Indifferent indifference indifferent show indifference to/towards sth

325. Inclusive include inclusion inclusive/ included possible inclusion

all inclusive
326. Incorporate incorporate incorporated incorporate sth into / in sth

327. Incurable/curable cure cure incurable/curable incurable disease/ illness

328. Indefinite /definite indefinite /definite (in)definitely Indefinite/definite article

329. Independence independence independent independently become/ feel/ make somebody

independent
full/ total independence
enjoy/ value independence
330. Indirect indirect indirectly Indirect speech

331. Inevitable Inevitable inevitable result/

inevitably consequence
332. Infrastructure infrastructure

333. Inhabit inhabit inhabitant be inhabited by (birds) /native

inhabitants
334. Inherent inherent inherently be inherent in sth

335. Inhibit inhibit inhibition tend to/ severely inhibit

inhibit someone from sth
336. Initiate initiate initiative take the initiative/ have
initiative
337. Inner inner find your inner motivation

338. Innovate innovate innovation innovative successful/ scientific innovation

339. Inordinate inordinateness inordinate inordinately inordinate amount of time

inordinate number of problems
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340. Insight insight

have/ gain/ get insight into
341. Insist insist insistence insistent insistently insist on sth
become/ remain insistent
342. Inspect inspect inspection/ carefully/ thoroughly inspect
inspector carry out / conduct inspection
343. instance instance instance Instances of discrimination / violence
In this instance…
344. Institution institution institutional institutional decision /
a medical/educational/financial instit
ution
345. Instruct instruct instruction/ carefully/ explicitly instruct
instructor proper/formal instruction
346. Integral integrate integration integral integrate into / with
encourage/ achieve/ speed up/
require/ lead to integration
integral part of sth
347. Intense intensify intensity intensive/ intense intensively tend to/ be likely to intensify high/
low intensity
intensive care
348. Internal /External internal /external internally
/externally
349. Intervene intervene intervention to intervene directly
a police/ military intervention
350. Intrinsic intrinsic intrinsically intrinsic nature of something,
intrinsic quality of something,
intrinsic property of something,
intrinsic to
351. Invade invade invasion/ invader invaded military invasion
fear of invasion
invasion of privacy
352. Invaluable value value invaluable/ valuable remain/ make sth invaluable
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353. Irrespective irrespective irrespective of something

354. Isolate isolate isolation isolated political/ complete/social isolation

isolate somebody from sb / sth
355. Jail

356. Jaw jaw

357. Jewel jewel/ jewellery

358. Joint joint knee/ hip/ elbow joint

359. Kingdom kingdom

360. Lab lab/ laboratory

361. Label label label put a label on sth

correctly/ falsely/ properly/
wrongly label
362. Labour labour/ labourer physical/ hard labour
cheap/ child labour
363. Ladder ladder climb a ladder

364. Lately late lately

365. lawsuit lawsuit file a lawsuit against somebody

win/lose a lawsuit
366. Lay lay lay eggs/ lay sth out

367. Layer layer thin/ thick layer

368. League league at the bottom / top of the

league/ be in a different league
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369. Lean lean lean on somebody

lean towards
370. Legislation legislate legislation legislative legislate to do something, legislation
on, legislation to do something,
introduce/bring in legislation,
existing/current legislation, new
legislation, government legislation,
legislative power
371. Lessen lessen lessen the risk/chance/possibility (of
something), lessen the
impact/effect/importance (of
something)
372. Liable liability liable Liable for something
Liable to do sth
373. Liberal liberate liberty liberal liberal leader/ party
personal/ political/ religious liberty
374. Lid lid put a lid on sth

375. Lifelong lifelong lifelong learning

376. Lifetime lifetime in your lifetime

lifetime income/ employment/
experience
377. Lift lifted the ban on sth
lift sb's spirits
378. Likewise likewise

379. Limb limb broken/ injured/ stiff limb

380. Limitation limit limitation limiting limitation of nuclear weapons

/despite limitations of sth/ major
limitless limitation/ limitless potential
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381. Literal literal literally literal meaning/sense/interpretation

382. Load load load loaded heavy/ work/ full load

383. Lodging lodging lodging house

384. Log log keep a log/ web log

385. Logic logic logical/ illogical logically

386. Longevity

387. Lord lord Good Lord!

388. Loyal loyalty/disloyalty loyal/disloyal loyally extremely/ very loyal

show loyalty to/ for/ from
loyal to, disloyal to
389. Magic magic/ magician magical magically Pure/ black magic
truly/ totally magical
do magic
390. Major majority major big/ vast majority
majority of
391. Mall mall shopping mall

392. Manipulate manipulate manipulation/ manipulative Easily/ deliberately manipulate

manipulator careful/ clever/ deliberate
manipulation
393. Mankind mankind history of mankind

394. Marker marker board marker

395. Massive mass/ masses massive massively enormous / huge / large mass
massive heart attack
massive argument
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396. Master master master master and servant

master the art of sth
397. Mat mat yoga mat

398. Mate mate class/ team/work mate

399. Maximize maximize maximum maximum maximum amount / number

maximize
opportunities/chances/
maximize benefits
400. Meantime meantime in the meantime

401. Meanwhile meanwhile

402. Mechanism mechanism mechanical mechanically locking/ steering mechanism

mechanic avoidance/ control/defense
mechanism
403. Melt melt melting melt away
melted
404. Memorial memorial memorial memorial /ceremony service

405. Mentality mentality mental mentally mentality of teenagers

mental illness
406. Merchant merchant rich/powerful merchant
merchandise buy/ sell merchandise
407. Mere mere merely mere coincidence
mere fact
408. Messenger message messenger don't shoot the messenger
message
409. Midst midst in the midst of

410. Mild mild mildly mild weather/ illness

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411. Military military military militarily military forces

military action
412. Minimal minimize minimal minimum amount/ minimize cost/
minimum minimal damage

413. Mining mining coal mine

mine
miner
414. Mixed mix mixture mixed ethnically/socially/ racially mixed

415. Mode mode normal mode

416. Moderate moderation moderate moderately in moderation

moderate amount of sth
417. Modest modesty modest modestly show modesty

418. Modify modify modification modified genetically- modified food

419. Monitor monitor monitor monitorial baby monitor

monitor sb's cholesterol levels
420. Motionless motion motionless absolutely / virtually motionless

421. Motivate motivate motivation motivated poor/low motivation

lack/lose motivation
422. Motive motive motive behind/ for sth

423. Multiple multiple multiple choice

424. Multiply multiply multiplication multiplied

425. Mutual mutual mutually mutual trust/ respect/ understanding

426. Namely namely

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427. Neat neatness neat neatly

428. Neglect neglect negligence neglected/ negligent/ be accused of/ guilty of negligence
negligible
429. negotiate negotiate negotiation a negotiated negotiate with sb
negotiator agreement/settlement negotiate for a contract
/ solution negotiate an agreement
negotiate business deals
430. Nerve nerve nervous calm/steady your nerves
nervous smile/laugh/look/glance
431. Noble nobility noble noble family/ blood

432. Nonetheless nonetheless

433. Norm norm normal become the norm/ social/ cultural

norms
434. Notable note note notable notably notion of sth
notion notable example/achievement/
success
435. Notify notify notification notify somebody of something,
notify somebody that, prior
notification
436. Nuclear nuclear nuclear power

437. Nuisance nuisance awful/ terrible nuisance

438. Numerous number number numerous numerous occasions

439. Nut nut

440. Obedience (dis)obey (dis)obedience (dis)obedient (dis)obediently obedience to

441. Obliged obligation obliged to be/feel obliged to do sth to be

obligatory obligatory for sb to do sth
 Updated September 2021

442. Omit omit omission

443. Ongoing ongoing ongoing project / research

444. Operate operate operation operate (machinery)

445. Option option optional have an option

446. Otherwise otherwise

447. Outbreak outbreak outbreak of disease

448. Outlook outlook

449. Outwards outward outwards facing/ looking outwards

450. Overlap overlap overlap overlapping overlap with

451. Pan pan

452. Parallel parallel parallel to

453. Parameter parameter set/define/establish/consider

parameters, within the parameters of
something
454. Party party disagreement between parties / a
third party
455. Paste paste paste copy and paste
tooth-paste
456. Patriotic patriotism patriotic
patriot
457. Pattern pattern pattern of sth
 Updated September 2021

458. Pearl pearl

459. Peculiar peculiarity peculiar peculiarly become/remain peculiar

460. Penalty penalize penalty pay a penalty

a penalty of up to three years in
prison
461. Periodical periodical

462. Persist persist persistence persistent persistently persist in

show persistence
463. Pile pile a pile of

464. Pinch pinch a pinch of

465. Pipe pipe water pipe

466. Pitch pitch football pitch

467. Plot plot plot of a film/ story

468. Plough plough plough plough through sth

469. Plug plug plug (un)plugged pull the plug

plug sth in
470. Policy policy foreign/ economic/ public policy

471. Pose pose pose a threat/ danger/ risk

472. Possess possess possession possessive family/ personal / private

possession
473. Potential potential potential potentially reach/ realize/ fulfill potential
 Updated September 2021

474. Poverty poverty poor reduce/ eliminate poverty

extreme/ severe/ widespread/
rural/ urban poverty
475. Powder powder gun powder

476. Practical practicality practical practically practical person

practicalities of sth
477. Precede precede precedent preceding a type of cloud that precedes rain
unprecedented preceding days/weeks/months/years
preceding chapter/paragraph/page
legal precedent
set/create a precedent

478. Precious precious precious stone

479. Prejudice prejudice prejudice prejudicial experience/encounter prejudice,

prejudiced against
480. Preliminary preliminary preliminary preliminary stages
as a preliminary
481. Premises premises on the premises/ off the premises

482. Preservation preserve preservation preservative environmental/ building preservation

food/ wood/ artificial preservative
preserve sth for sth
483. Presumably presume presumption presumably rightly/ wrongly presume
strong/ general presumption about sth
484. Pretend pretend pretension pretentious pretentiously pretend to be
485. Prevalent prevalence prevalent the prevalence of smoking /prevalent
diseases
486. Pride pride pride proud proudly have pride/ out of pride
487. Primarily primary primary primarily primary care

488. Prior prioritize priority prior high/ major/ top/ immediate/low

priority
Prior to sth
 Updated September 2021

489. Privilege privilege privileged have some/no special privileges

have the privilege to do sth
490. Prize prize get/ receive/ take/ accept a prize

491. Procedure procedure complex/ complicated

simple procedure
492. Proceed proceed proceedings decide to/ intend to
proceed criminal/justice/
legal proceedings
493. Profound profound profoundly profound
effect/influence/impact/consequence
494. Prohibit prohibit prohibition prohibitory prohibit from
impose/ abolish / lift
prohibitions prohibition
against/ of
495. Projection project projection

496. Promote promote promoter/ promote sth/ widely

promotion promoted/ efforts to
promote
get a promotion/promote somebody
to sth
497. Prompt promptness prompt promptly prompt action

498. Proof prove proof proven prove to be innocent/ guilty

be proof against sth
499. Properly proper / improper (im)properly proper name/ behavior/ place
improper conduct/ behavior
500. Proportion proportion proportion of sth

501. Proposal propose proposal marriage proposal

propose doing sth /propose an idea
502. Prospective prospect prospective Prospective buyers/employers
job/ career prospects
 Updated September 2021

503. Prosperous prosper prosperity prosperous prosperous businessman

a prosperous country/economy/future
504. Protection protect protection protective protect against/ from
be protective against/ towards
protection against/ from
505. Publicity publicise publicity receive publicity
bad/good/unwelcome publicity
506. Radical radical radical radically radical changes/ ideas

507. Random random randomly random sample/ selection

508. Rank rank rank rank high/ low

be ranked fourth/ number one
509. Ratio ratio ratio between

510. Raw raw raw material / food

511. Reactor react reactor nuclear reactor

512. Reassure reassure reassurance reassuring reassuringly reassure sb/ reassuring manner /smile
reassuringly
513. Rebel rebel rebel/ rebellion rebellious rebel against sth
rebel forces/soldiers
514. Recall recall recall recall clearly/ vividly/ well
total recall
515. Reckon reckon reckoning reckon sth to be sth

516. Recruit recruit recruitment recruit staff

recruiter
517. Reform reform reform/ go through reform
reformation/ carry out / implement/ put into
reformist practice reforms attempt to/ seek
to/ try to reform
518. Refresh refresh refreshments refreshing/ refreshed
 Updated September 2021

519. Refuse refuse refusal refuse to do sth

refusal to do sth
520. Refute refute refutation refute a hypothesis, refute a claim,
refute an idea, refute a suggestion
521. Regard regard regard regarding regardless regard sth as sth
show/ pay/ considerable/ regard
regardless of
522. Regime regime new/ old/ current/ socialist regime

523. Regulate regulate regulation regulated strict/ tight/ government/ school

regulations
524. Reinforce reinforce reinforcement reinforced positive/ negative reinforcement

525. Rejoice rejoice rejoicing

526. Relate relate relation related relatively relate sth to sth

relative relation between / with / to
527. Relief relieve relief relieved considerable/ deep/
enormous relief
a sense of relief
tears of relief
528. Reluctant reluctance reluctant reluctantly be reluctant to
reluctance to
529. Remark remark make a remark

530. Replicate replicate replica replicate the original experiment

531. Reproduce reproduce reproduction reproductory reproductory organs

532. Request request request make a request

533. Rescue rescue rescue

534. Residence reside residence/ resident residential residents of a place

residential home/ course/
 Updated September 2021

neighborhood
535. Resign resign resignation resign from
announce/ accept/ reject
resignation
536. Resist resist resistance irresistible organized/ political resistance

537. Resolve resolve resolution resolved an attempt to resolve/ resolve sth

through / by sth
538. Restless restless

539. Restrain restrain restraint restrained restrain from

considerable/ great/
remarkable restraint
540. Restrict restrict restriction restrictive without restriction
restricted restrict yourself/somebody to
(doing) something restricted
access/ area
541. Retain retain retainable retain employees
retain land
retain old customs
542. Reverse reverse reversal reversible, reversal of sth
irreversible reverse a
decision/verdict/policy
543. Revenue revenue

544. Rigid rigidity rigid be/ appear / seem rigid

545. Rigour rigour rigorous rigorously academic/ intellectual/ logical rigour

rigorous analysis, lack in rigour
546. Rival rival rival company/firm/team
rivalry
547. Rose rose rosy rosy cheeks
 Updated September 2021

548. Rough rough roughly

549. Route route scenic route

550. Rubber rubber rubber gloves

551. Rumour rumour spread/hear/ start a rumour

552. Rural/ urban urbanization rural / urban rural area

553. Rush rush rush do something in a rush

rush to do something
554. Sacrifice sacrifice sacrifice make sacrifices
sacrifice something for
something
555. Sand sand

556. Sarcasm sarcastic sarcastically heavy sarcasm

557. Scale scale on a large scale

558. Scare scare scare scared care the life/living

daylights/hell etc out of
somebody
a bomb scare
a health scare
559. Scarce scarcity scarce scarce resources/
the scarcity of skilled
workers
560. Scenario scenario worst-case/nightmare
scenario
561. Schedule /scheme schedule /scheme make a schedule

562. Scope scope beyond/outside/within the

 Updated September 2021

scope of something
563. Seal seal seal hunt

564. Sector sector sectoral public/private sector

565. Seek seek seeker seek refuge/asylum/shelter

seek revenge / compensation
566. Seize seize seize sth from sb

567. Senior senior senior management

568. Sentence sentence sentence somebody to something

(e.g. jail time, labor, etc.)
569. Sequence sequence sequential sequentially in a ... Sequence
out of sequence
sequence of events
570. Session session

571. Settle settle settlement/ settler settled in

572. Sew sew sth up

573. Shot shot shot of …

574. Siblings siblings

575. Simultaneous simultaneous simultaneously

576. Shade shade shaded in the shade (of sth)

577. Sharp sharpen sharpener sharp sharp edge

578. Sheet (of paper) sheet sheet of paper

 Updated September 2021

579. Shelter shelter shelter animal shelter

shelter sb/sth from sb/sth
580. Shield Shield shield shield against
shield sb/sth from sb/sth
581. Shift shift shift shift
attention/emphasis/focus
582. Shoot shoot shoot shoot somebody in the
leg/head etc
a photo shoot

583. Shore shore sea shore

584. Shortage shortage water/food/housing shortage

shortage of sth
585. Sin sin to commit/ confess a sin
it is a sin to do sth
586. Sincere sincerity sincere/ insincere sincerely insincere smile/promise/offer

a sincere apology

587. Slight slight slightly

588. Smart smartness smart smartly

589. So-called so-called

590. Soil soil

591. Sole sole solely solely responsible

592. Solid solid

593. Sophisticated sophisticate sophisticated sophisticated software

 Updated September 2021

594. Sow sow sowing the seeds of

595. Specialist specialize specialist specialized specially specialize in

596. Speculate speculate speculation speculative speculatively speculate about what might happen
highly/purely/largely speculative
theory
597. Sphere sphere spherical

598. Spill spill spill spilt cry over spilt milk

599. Spin spin

600. Spit spit

601. Spite spite spite spiteful in spite of

602. Splendid splendid splendidly

603. Split split

604. Spontaneous spontaneity spontaneous spontaneously spontaneous reaction/speech

605. Spot spot spot spot the difference

606. Stable stability/ instability stable/unstable in a stable condition

shut/close the stable door after the
horse has bolted British English/
stability of
607. Stare (at) stare stare (at)

608. Stem stem stem stem (from)

609. Sticky stick sticky stick to

 Updated September 2021

610. Stiff stiff stiff joints

611. Stimulate stimulate stimulation stimulant, stimulate growth/demand/the

stimulant stimulating economy
stimulate interest in sth
612. Sting sting a bee/ wasp/ scorpion
sting
613. Stir stir stir sth with sth
stir sth in/into sth
614. Stocking stockings

615. Stove stove

616. Straw straw the last straw

617. Stretch stretch

618. Strict strict strictly

619. Strike strike strike strike sth with sth

620. Subsequent subsequent subsequently subsequent to something

621. Substance substance substantial substantially substantial amount of sth

622. Suburb suburbs

623. Subtle subtly subtle taste/flavour/smell

subtly different
624. Suck suck

625. Sue sue sue (somebody) for negligence

sue for damages
 Updated September 2021

626. Superior superiority superior superiority complex, be superior to

627. Supplement supplement supplement supplementary supplementary information

dietary supplements
628. Surround surround surrounding

629. Suspend suspend suspension suspended total/ temporary/ immediate

suspension
suspend sb from sth
630. Sustainability sustain sustainability sustainable, environmental sustainability /
unsustainable sustainability of growth/long-term
sustainability
631. Swing swing swing swing back and forth

632. Sword sword

633. Tackle tackle tackle somebody about

something
634. Talent talent talented talent for sth
artistic / unique talent
have / demonstrate talent
to be very talented
635. Temple temple

636. Tempt tempt temptation tempting tempt sb into doing sth

637. Tension tension tense

638. Terminate terminate termination terminated early/ sudden termination

terminator terminate a contract
639. Terrify terrify terrified
terrifying
 Updated September 2021

640. Thereby thereby thereby doing something

641. thread thread thread thread a needle

loose threads / main threads of the
book
642. Threat threaten threatening threaten to do something
threaten somebody with something
life-
threatening pose
threat a threat
643. Tight /Loose tighten / loosen tight /loose tightly /loosely

644. Timeless time timeless

645. Timely time timely in a timely manner/fashion

646. Tolerate tolerate tolerance (in)tolerant, tolerance of/towards/for / to

tolerable/ intolerable
647. Trace trace trace trace sth (back) to sth

648. Transit transit transit passengers

649. Transmit transmit transmission transmit a disease

the transmission of a disease
650. Trait trait personality/character trait

651. Trap trap trap be/feel trapped

trap sb into (doing) sth
652. Treat treat treat treat somebody like/as sth
badly treated/well treated
treat sb with respect
/contempt/courtesy
my treat
 Updated September 2021

653. Treatment treat treatment treatment of/for

get/receive treatment
treat sb with sth
654. Tremble tremble trembling tremble with anger/fear

655. Trigger trigger trigger trigger a memory

trigger the alarm pull
the trigger
656. Trivial trivia trivial trivial matter/ problem/complaint

657. Trouble trouble trouble troubling have trouble with

ask for trouble
trouble sb with sth

658. Tube tube take/catch the tube

659. Underestimate underestimate underestimated underestimate the

importance/extent/effect/
power etc of sth
660. Undergo undergo undergo operation

661. Underlie underlie underlying the underlying cause/reason, an

underlying principle, an underlying
problem
662. Undermine undermine undermine somebody’s confidence in
smb/sth, undermine somebody’s
authority, undermine somebody’s
position
663. Undertake undertake undertake responsibility

664. Uneasy unease uneasy uneasily uneasy about

665. Unify unify unification unified unify a country

 Updated September 2021

666. United unity united economic unity

667. Upward upward upward trend/movement

668. Urge urge urge urge to do something

669. Utilize utilize utility utilizable utility room

670. Vague vagueness vague vaguely have a vague idea/feeling

be vague about sth
671. Vain vain in vain

672. vanish vanish vanishing vanish into thin air/ vanishing

rainforests
673. Vast vast vast majority

674. Vehicle vehicle motor vehicle

675. Veil veil

676. Vessel vessel

677. Violate violate violation violated violate rights/ privacy

violator violation of privacy
678. Virtual virtual virtually virtual reality

679. Virtue virtue virtuous virtuously

680. Vision vision good/normal/poor vision

have visions of sth
681. Visualize visualize visual visually

682. Vital vital be vital to do sth

vital organs
 Updated September 2021

683. Waist waist

684. Whisper whisper whisper whisper sth to sb

685. Wing wing

686. Wonder wonder wonder wonder how

technological wonders
Seven Wonders of the World
687. Worm worm book worm

688. Worship worship worship a god

689. Worthwhile worthwhile A worthwhile career / worthwhile

use of your time/be worthwhile to do
sth/be worthwhile doing sth

690. Wreck wreck ship wreck

691. Zone an earthquake zone

a nuclear-free zone
a danger zone