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Section (A) : Equilibrium, Equilibrium constant ,law of mass action, Reaction Quotient
A-1. A chemical reaction, A B, is said to be in equilibrium when :
(A) rate of forward reaction is equal to rate of backward reaction
(B) conversion of A to B is only 50% complete
(C) complete conversion of A to B has taken place
(D) only 25% conversion of A to B taken place
A-2. The equilibrium concentration of x, y and yx 2 are 4, 2 and 2 respectively for the equilibrium
A-3.
2x + y
(A) 0.625
yx2. The value of equilibrium constant, KC is
(B) 6.25 (C) 0.0625 (D) 62.5
i r
4 mole of A are mixed with 4 mole of B and 2 mole of C are formed at equilibrium, according to the reaction,
A+B
(A) 2
C+D
the equilibrium constant is :
(B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 4
S
A-4. For the following reaction at 250°C, PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
at same temperature will be a
PCl5(g) the value of KC is 26 then the value of Kp
t
A-5.
(A) 0.57 (B) 0.61 (C) 0.83
u p (D) 0.91
For a reversible reaction, the rate constants for the forward and backward reactions are
2.38 ×10–4 and 8.15 × 10–5 respectively. The equilibrium constant for the reaction is –
A-6.
(A) 0.342 (B) 2.92
G
(C) 0.292 (D) 3.42
If different quantities of ethanol and acetic acid were used in the following reversible reaction,
CH3COOH() + C2H5OH()
m CH3COOC2H5() + H2O()
the equilibrium constant will have values which will be ?
(A) different in all cases
a
(B) same in all cases
p
(C) higher in cases where higher concentration of ethanol is used
u
(D) higher in case where higher concentration of acetic acid is used
A-7.
A n
Chemical equilibrium is dynamic in nature because –
(A) The equilibrium in maintained quickly
(B) Conc. of reactants and products become same at equilibrium
(C) Conc. of reactants and products are constant but different
(D) Both forward and backward reactions occur at all times with same speed
A-9. Starting with the reactants , At any moment before a reversible reaction attains equilibrium it is found
that –
(A) The rate of the forward reaction is increasing and that of backward reaction is decreasing
(B) The rate of the forward reaction is decreasing and that of backward reaction is increasing
(C) The rate of both forward and backward reactions is increasing
(D) The rate of both forward and backward reactions is decreasing
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A-12. Which of the following statements is not correct about the equilibrium constant ?
(A) Its value does not depend upon the initial conc. of the reactants
(B) Its value does not depend upon the initial conc. of the products
(C) Its value does not depend upon temperature.
i r
A-13.
(D) Its value does not depend upon presence of catalyst.
S
In a chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium constant is found to be 2.5. If the rate constant of backward
reaction is 3.2 × 10–2, the rate constant of forward reaction is -
(A) 8.0 × 10–2 (B) 4.0 × 10–2 (C) 3.5 × 10–2
A-14.
p
K1 and K2 are the rate constants of forward and backward reactions. The equilibrium constant K of the
reaction is -
u
(A) K1 × K2 (B) K1 – K2
G K
(C) 1
K2
(D)
K1 K 2
K1 – K 2
A-15.
(A) 30 (B) 40
a m
The value of KP for the reaction H2(g) + I2(g)
(C) 50
2HI(g) is 50. What is the value of KC
(D) 70
A-16.
(A) N2(g) + O2(g) p
In which of the following reaction, the value of KP will be equal to KC –
A-17.
(C) 2NH3 (g)
Select the correct expression regarding the relation between KP and KC for the reaction
aX(g) + bY(g) bZ(g) + aW (g) -
KC
(A) KP = KC(RT)a+b (B) KP = (C) KP = KC RT (D) KP = KC
(a b) 2
A-18. The equilibrium constant KC for the decomposition of PCl5 is 0.625 mole / lit at 300ºC. Then the value
of KP is -
(A) 2.936 atm (B) 0.0625 atm (C) 6.25 atm (D) 0.00625 atm
A-19. The reaction A(g) + B(g) C(g) + D(g) proceeds to right hand side upto 99.9% when starting bwith
equal moles of A and B. The equilibrium constant K for the reaction will be -
(A) 104 (B) 105 (C) 106 (D) 108
A-20. For the reaction, 2NO2 (g) 2NO (g) + O2(g), KC = 1.8 × 10–6 at 185ºC. At 185ºC, the
value of KC for the reaction -
1
NO(g) + O (g) NO2(g) is -
2 2
(A) 0.9 × 10 6 (B) 7.5 × 102 (C) 1.95 × 10–3 (D) 1.95 × 103
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A-21. If in the reaction N2O4(g) 2NO2(g), is the part of N2O4 which dissociates per mole, then the
number of moles at equilibrium will be -
(A) 3 (B) 1 (C) (1–)2 (D) (1 + )
A-22. The equilibrium concentration of X, Y and YX2 are 4, 2 and 2 moles respectively for the equilibrium
2X(g) + Y(g) YX2(g).The value of KC is -
(A) 0.625 (B) 0.0625 (C) 6.25 (D) 0.00625
1
A-23. At 444º C, the equilibrium constant K for the reaction 2AB(g) A2(g) + B2(g) is . The
64
degree of dissociation of AB will be -
(A) 10% (B) 20 % (C) 30% (D) 50%
A-24. For the reaction A(g) + B(g) C(g) + D(g), the degree of dissociation would be –
K
(A) (B) K +1 (C) K 1 (D) K–1
K 1
i
(A) 3P (B) 2P (C)
P
3
(D)
P
2 S
A-26. For N2(g) + 3H2(g)
(A) KP = KC
2NH3(g)
(B) KP = KC RT (C) KP = KC (R T)–2
t a (D) KP = KC (R T)–1
u p
C2H6(g), the equilibrium constant can be expressed in units of -
(B) mol2 litre–2
A-28.
(A) litre–1 mol–1
G
(C) litre mol–1 (D) mol litre–1
Equilibrium concentration of HI, I2 and H2 is 0.7, 0.1 and 0.1 moles/litre. Calculate the equilibrium
constant for the reaction :
I2(g) + H2(g)
(A) 0.36
2HI(g) –
(B) 36
a m (C) 49 (D) 0.49
A-29.
Pco
u p
The equilibrium constant for the reaction Zn (s)+CO2(g)
A-30.
(A)
Pco2
A
For the reaction
n
C (s) + CO2 (g)
(B)
2CO (g)
[ Zn]
(C)
PZnPCO2
(D)
PZnO PCO
2
the partial pressure of CO2 and CO are 2.0 and 4.0 atm respectively at equilibrium. The Kp for the
reaction is –
(A) 0.5 (B) 4.0 (C) 8.0 (D) 32.0
KP
A-32. for the gaseous reaction –
KC
(a) 2 A + 3 B 2C
(b) 2 A 4B
(c) A + B + 2C 4D
would be respectively -
(A) (RT)–3 , (RT)2, (RT)º (B) (RT)–3 , (RT)–2, (RT)–1
(C) (RT)–3 , (RT)2, (RT) (D) None of the above
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A-34. In a reversible reaction A B, the initial concentration of A and B are a and b in moles per litre and the
equilibrium concentrations are ( a x) and (b + x) respectively; express x in terms of k1, k2, a and b.
k 1a k 2b k 1a k 2b k 1a k 2b k 1a k 2b
(A) k 1 k 2 (B) k1 k 2 (C) k1k 2 (D) k 1k 2
i
(A) 250 atm 3
(B) 4 × 10 atm (C) 0.25 × 104 atm
B-1.
data
I 2H(g) H2(g) + I2(g) II 2NH3(g) N2(g) + 3H2(g)
a
For which of the following reactions, the degree of dissociation cannot be calculated from the vapour density
t
III 2NO N + O
(A) I and III
(g) 2(g) 2(g)
(B) II and IV
IV PCl PCl + Cl
5(g)
(C) I and II
u p 3(g) 2(g)
(D) III and IV.
B-2.
G
The degree of dissociation of SO3 is at equilibrium pressure P0 .
Kp for 2SO3(g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) is
m
3 3
(A) [(P0 )/2(1 – ) ] (B) [(P03)/(2+)(1 – )2]
(C) [(P02)/2(1 – )2] (D) None of these
B-3.
p
In a container equilibrium N2O4 (g) a 2NO2 (g)
1
u
is attained at 25°C. The total equilibrium pressure in container is 380 torr. If equilibrium constant of above
equilibrium is 0.667 atm, then degree of dissociation of N2O4 at this temperature will be :
n 1 2 1
B-4.
(A)
3
A (B)
2
(C)
3
(D)
4
D
In the dissociation of N2O4 into NO2, (1 + ) values with the vapour densities ratio is as given by :
d
[-degree of dissociation, D-vapour density before dissociation, d-vapour density after dissociation]
D
B-5. In the above question, varies with according to :
d
B-6. Before equilibrium is set-up for the chemical reaction N2O4(g) 2NO2(g), vapour density d of thegaseous
mixture was measured. If D is the theoretical value of vapour density, variation of with D/d is given by the
graph. What is value D/d at point A?
B-7. The degree of dissociation of PCl5 () obeying the equilibrium, PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 , is approximately
related to the presure at equilibrium by (given << 1) :
1 1 1
B-8.
(A) P
i r
2NO2 (g), if percentage dissociation of N2O4 are 20%, 45%, 65% & 80%,
then the sequence of observed vapour densities will be :
(A) d20 > d45 > d65 > d80
(C) d20 = d45 = d65 = d80
(B) d80 > d65 > d45 > d20
(D) (d20 = d45) > ( d65 = d80)
S
B-9. An unknown compound A dissociates at 500ºC to give products as follows -
t a
A(g) B(g) + C(g) + D(g)
p
Vapour density of the equilibrium mixture is 50 when it dissociates to the extent to 10%. What will
be the molecular weight of Compound A –
u
B-10.
(A) 120 (B) 130
B-11.
of PCl5 –
(A) 1.00
p
At 250ºC and 1 atmospheric pressure, the vapour density of PCl5 is 57.9 . What will be the dissociation
u
(B) 0.90 (C) 0.80 (D) 0.65
C-1. A n
Section (C) : Le Chateliers Principle
Consider the reaction, CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g) ; in closed container at equilibrium. What
would be the effect of addition of CaCO3 on the equilibrium concentration of CO2 -
(A) Increases (B) Decreases
(C) Remains unaffected (D) Data is not sufficient to predict it
C-2. In the melting of ice, which one of the conditions will be more favourable –
(A) High temperature and high pressure (B) Low temperature and low pressure
(C) Low temperature and high pressure (D) High temperature and Low pressure
C-3. In the reaction, 2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g) + X cals, most favourable condition of temperature
and pressure for greater yield of SO3 are -
(A) Low temperature and low pressure (B) High temperature and low pressure
(C) High temperature and high pressure (D) Low temperature and high pressure
C-4. On adding inert gas to the equilibrium PCI5(g) PCI3(g) + CI2(g) at constant pressure. The degree
of dissociation will remain –
(A) Unchanged (B) Decreased (C) Increased (D) None of these
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C-6. Adding inert gas to system N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) at equilibrium at constant volume will lead to :
(A) N2 and H2 are formed in abundance
(B) N2, H2 and NH3 will have the same molar concentration
(C) The production of ammonia increases
(D) No change in the equilibrium
C-7. In the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g), the forward reaction is exothermic and the backward
reaction is endothemic. In order to produce more heat it is necessary –
(A) To add ammonia
(B) To add N2 and H2
(C) Increasing the concentration of N2,H2 and NH3 equally
(D) None of the above
i r
C-8.
S
The reaction in which the yield of the products can not be increased by the application of high pressure
is –
(A) PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)
(C) N2 (g) + O2 (g)
PCl5 (g)
2NO (g)
(B) N2 (g) + 3H2 (g)
(D) 2SO2 (g) + O2 (g)
t a 2NH3 (g)
2SO3 (g)
a m
C (g), the backward reaction is favoured by -
(B) Decrease in pressure
(C) Neither increase nor decrease in pressure (D) Data unpredictable
C-11.
3 A(g) + B(g) p
Which among the following conditions, increase the yield of the product in the equilibrium,
u
4C(g) + heat
(A) Increase in pressure (B) Increase in volume
C-12.
A n
(C) Increase in temperature (D) Decrease in temperature
C-13. For the reaction PCl5 (g) PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g), the forward reaction at constant temperature is
favoured by -
(A) Increasing the volume of container
(B) Introducing an inert gas at constant pressure
(C) Introducing PCl5 at constant volume
(D) All of these
C-15. In what manner will increase of pressure affect the equation C (s) + H2O (g) CO(g) + H2(g) -
(A) Shift in the forward direction (B) Shift in the reverse direction
(C) Increase in the yield of H2 (D) No effect
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C-16. Which of the following will shift the reaction PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) PCl5(g) to the left side-
(A) Addition of PCl5 (B) Increase in pressure
(C) Decrease in temperature (D) Catalyst
C-18. According to Le Chatelier principle, an increase in the temperature of the following reaction will
N2 + O 2 2NO – 43200 cal
(A) Increase the yield of NO (B) Decrease the yield of NO
(C) Not effect on the yield of NO (D) Not help the reaction to proceed
C-22.* For the reaction : PCl5 (g) PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)
G
The forward reaction at constant temperature is favoured by
a m
(A) introducing chlorine gas at constant volume
(B) introducing an inert gas at constant pressure
(C) increasing the volume of the container
C-23.
p
(D) introducing PCl5 at constant volume
u
Given the following reaction at equilibrium N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g). Some inert gas at constant pressure
n
is added to the system. Predict which of the following facts will be affected.
A
(A) More NH3(g) is produced
(C) No affect on the equilibrium
(B) Less NH3(g) is produced
(D) Kp of the reaction is decreased
C-24. For an equilibrium H2O(s) H2O() which of the following statements is true.
(A) The pressure changes do not affect the equilibrium
(B) More of ice melts if pressure on the system is increased
(C) More of liquid freezes if pressure on the system is increased
(D) The pressure changes may increase or decrease the degree of advancement of the reaction depending
upon the temperature of the system
C-25. When a bottle of cold drink is opened, the gas comes out with a fizz due to :
(A) Decrease in temperature
(B) Increase in pressure
(C) Decrease in pressure suddenly which results in decrease of solubility of CO2 gas in water
(D) None
C-26. The equilibrium, SO2Cl2(g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g) is attained at 25°C in a closed container ,if an inert gas,
helium, is introduced at constant volume. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct.
(A) Concentrations of SO2, Cl2 and SO2Cl2 are changed
(B) No effect on equilibrium
(C) Concentration of SO2 is reduced
(D) Kp of reaction is increasing
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C-27. An equilibrium mixture in a vessel of capacity 100 litre contain 1 mol N2, 2 mol O2 and 3 mol NO. Number of
moles of O2 to be added so that at new equilibrium the conc. of NO is found to be 0.04 mol/lit.:
(A) (101/18) (B) (101/9) (C) (202/9) (D) None of these.
i r
C-30. Manufacture of ammonia from the elements is represented by
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) + 22.4 kcal
the maximum yield of ammonia will be obtained when the process is made to take place – S
C-31.
(A) at low pressure and high temperature
(C) at high pressure and high temperature
t
2SO3(g) + X cal, most favourable conditions of temperature and
pressure for greater yield of SO3 are :
(A) low temperature and low pressure
(C) high temperature and high pressure
u p
(B) high temperature and low pressure
(D) low temperature and high pressure
C-33.
attained equilibrium :
(A) [A] = [B] (B) [A] < [B]
In a vessel containing SO2, SO3 and O2 at equilibrium, some helium gas is introduced so that total pressure
p
increases while temperature and volume remain the same. According to the
u
Le Chatelier’s principle, the dissociation of SO3 :
(A) increases (B) decreases (C) remains unaltered (D) change unpredictably
C-34.
A n
The equilibrium SO2Cl2(g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g) is attained at 25°C in a closed container and an inert gas,
helium, is introduced. Which of the following statements is correct ?
(A) concentrations of SO2Cl2, SO2 and Cl2 do not change
(B) more Cl2 is formed
(C) concentration of SO2 is reduced (D) more SO2Cl2 is formed
D-1. The two equilibria, AB(aq) A+(aq) + B(aq) and AB(aq) + B(aq) AB2(aq) are simultaneously
maintained in a solution with equilibrium constants, K1 and K2 respectively. The ratio of concentration of A+
to AB2 in the solution is :
(A) directly proportional to the concentration of B– (aq.).
(B) inversely proportional to the concentration of B– (aq.).
(C) directly proportional to the square of the concentration of B– (aq.).
(D) inversely proportional to the square of the concentration of B– (aq.).
D-2. In the preceeding problem, if [A+] and [AB2] are y and x respectively, under equilibrium produced by adding
the substance AB to the solvents, then K1/K2 is equal to
y y 2 (x y) y 2 (x y) y
(A) ( y x )2 (B) (C) (D) (x y)
x x x x
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D-3.* The two equilibrium, AB A+ + B and AB + B AB2 are simultaneously maintained in a solution
with equilibrium constants, K1 and K2 respectively. If [A+] and [AB2] are y and x respectively, under equilibrium
produced by adding the substance AB(s) to the solvents, then
y y
(A) k1/k2 = ( y x )2 (B) k1/k2 = (x y) (C) [B¯]eq. = y – x (D) None of these
x x
E-1. Which is/are correct relation (s) for thermodynamic equilibrium constant
(A) Gº = –2.303 RT log K (B) G = Gº + 2.303 RT log K
0.0591 0.0591
(C) Eºcell = log K (D) E = Eº – logK
n n
E-2. Which is/are correct relation (s) for equilibrium constant K?
2.303 RT log K
i r
(A) Gº = – 2.303 RT log K
(C) K =
Ó [Pr oduct]
(B) Ecellº =
a
2.303 RT
t
E-3. For the reaction H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)
Kc = 66.9 at 350°C and Kc = 50.0 at 448°C. The reaction has
(A) H = + ve (B) H = – ve
u p
(C) H = zero
1
G
(D) H sign can not be determined
E-4.
m
Variation of log10 K with is shown by the following graph in which straight line is at 45°, hence H° is :
T
a
u p
E-5.*
(A) + 4.606 cal
H º 1 1
(C) 2 cal (D) – 2cal
log K = then,
1 2.303R T2 T1
(A) K2 > K1 if T2 > T1 for an endothermic change
(B) K2 < K1 if T2 > T1 for an endothermic change
(C) K2 > K1 if T2 > T1 for an exothermic change
(D) K2 < K1 if T2 > T1 for an exothermic change
E-6. Which one of the following oxides is most stable? The equilibrium constants are given at the same temperature:
(A) 2N2O5(g) 2N2(g) + 5O2(g) ; K = 1.2 × 1034
(B) 2N2O(g) 2N2(g) + O2(g) ; K = 3.5 × 1035
(C) 2NO(g) N2(g) + O2(g) ; K = 2.2 × 1030
(D) 2NO2(g) N2(g) + 2O2(g) ; K = 6.71 × 1016
E-7. The equilibrium constant for a reaction A + B C + D is 1 × 10–2 at 298 K and is 2 at 273 K. The
chemical process resulting in the formation of C and D is :
(A) exothermic (B) endothermic
(C) unpredictable (D) there is no relationship between H and K
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A-1. (A) A-2. (C) A-3. (C) A-4. (B) A-5. (B) A-6. (B) A-7. (D)
A-8. (D) A-9. (B) A-10. (D) A-11. (C) A-12. (C) A-13. (A) A-14. (C)
A-15. (C) A-16. (A) A-17. (D) A-18. (A) A-19. (C) A-20. (B) A-21. (D)
A-22. (B) A-23. (B) A-24. (A) A-25. (C) A-26. (C) A-27. (C) A-28. (C)
A-29. (A) A-30. (C) A-31. (D) A-32. (A) A-33. (B) A-34. (A) A-35. (D)
B-1. (A) B-2. (B) B-3. (B) B-4. (A) B-5. (B) B-6. (C) B-7. (B)
B-8. (A) B-9. (A) B-10. (C) B-11. (C) C-1. (C) C-2. (A) C-3. (D)
C-4. (C) C-5. (B) C-6. (D) C-7. (B) C-8. (C) C-9. (C) C-10. (B)
C-11. (C) C-12. (C) C-13. (D) C-14. (C) C-15. (B) C-16. (A) C-17. (A)
C-18. (A) C-19. (D) C-20. (C) C-21. (D) C-22.* (BCD) C-23. (B) C-24. (B)
C-25. (C) C-26. (B) C-27. (A) C-28.* (ACD) C-29. (A) C-30. (D) C-31. (D)
C-32.
E-2.
(B)
(ABD)
C-33.
E-3.
(C)
(B)
C-34.
E-4.
(A)
(B)
D-1.
E-5.*
(D)
(AD)
D-2.
E-6.
(A)
(D)
D-3.*
E-7.
(A)
(A)
i r
E-1. (A)
S
t a
u p
G
a m
u p
A n