Colegio de San Gabriel Arcangel

PACUCOA Accredited – Level 1 Status

An institution for Transformational and Leadership Education
College of Computer Studies and Engineering (CCSE)
City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan
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Name: __________________________ Date: ________
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LEARNING ACTIVITY 3
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Score
Type of Activity
Mastery Exercise Group Work Laboratory Exercise Others

Topic/s to learn: Atomic Orbitals and Quantum Numbers

Learning Target/s:
Briefly describe ionic, covalent, metallic, hydrogen, and van der Waals bonds.

References: Callister W. D. Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering etext

version
Discussion:

An important reason to have an understanding of interatomic bonding in solids is that in some

instances, the type of bond allows us to explain a material’s properties. For example, consider carbon,
which may exist as both graphite and diamond.

Whereas graphite is relatively soft and has a “greasy” feel to it, diamond is the hardest known
material. In addition, the electrical properties of diamond and graphite are dissimilar: diamond is a poor
conductor of electricity, but graphite is a reasonably good conductor. These disparities in properties are
directly attributable to a type of interatomic bonding found in graphite that does not exist in diamond.

In the processing/structure/properties/performance scheme, reasons for studying atomic structure

and interatomic bonding are as follows: • For silicon, its electron configuration determines the type of
primary bonding, which in turn affects its electron band structure.

For polymer fibers, electron configurations of the constituent elements (i.e., C, H) affect the type
of primary bonding; bonding type has an influence on the structures of polymer molecules.
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BASIC QUESTIONS
1. Name the two atomic models cited, and note the differences between them.
2. Describe the important quantum-mechanical principle that relates to electron energies.
3. Schematically plot attractive, repulsive, and net energies versus interatomic separation for two
atoms or ions.
4. Briefly describe ionic, covalent, metallic, hydrogen, and van der Waals bonds.
5. Why are the atomic weights of the elements generally not integers? Cite two reasons.
6. Give electron configurations for the Fe3+ and S2- ions.
7. Cite the difference between atomic mass and atomic weight.
8. How many grams are there in one amu of a material?
9. Cite two important quantum-mechanical concepts associated with the Bohr model of the atom.

10. Cite two important additional refinements that resulted from the wave-mechanical atomic model.
11. Relative to electrons and electron states, what does each of the four quantum numbers specify?
12. Sodium chloride (NaCl) exhibits predominantly ionic bonding. The Na + and Cl- ions have electron
structures that are identical to which two inert gases?
13. With regard to electron configuration, what do all the elements in Group VIIA of the periodic
table have in common?
14. To what group in the periodic table would an element with atomic number 114 belong?

ANSWERS AT THE LAST PAGE

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ECE Department MSE - LEARNING ACTIVITY Page 4 of 4
CCSE CDSGA Version: 1.0
Prepared by: fscjr. Last Modified: Summer 2019-20