Mathematics P1 Feb-March 2013 Memo Eng

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za/matric
NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12
MATHEMATICS P1
FEBRUARY/MARCH 2013
MEMORANDUM
MARKS: 150
This memorandum consists of 19 pages.
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Mathematics/P1 2 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 1
1.1.1 (x )
− 9 (2 x + 1) = 0
2
 (x − 3)(x + 3)
(x − 3)(x + 3)(2 x + 1) = 0
± 3
1
x = ±3 or x=− 1
2  −
2
OR (3)
(x 2
)
− 9 (2 x + 1) = 0 –3
1 3
x = ±3 or x=− 1
2 −
 2
(3)
1.1.2 2
x + x − 13 = 0
− b ± b 2 − 4ac
x=
2a
− 1 ± 1 − 4(1)(− 13)  subs into formula
=
2
− 1 ± 53  53
=
2
x = 3,14 or x = − 4,14 answer
answer
(4)
1.1.3 2 ⋅ 3 = 81 − 3
x x
 2 ⋅ 3 x + 3 x = 81
2 ⋅ 3 + 3x = 81
x
 3 as common factor
x
3x (2 + 1) = 81
3x = 27  simplification
3x = 33
 answer
x=3 (4)
OR
 2 ⋅ 3 x + 3 x = 81
2.3 = 81 − 3
x x
 3 as common factor
x
2.3 x + 3 x = 81
3 x (2 + 1) = 81  3 x +1 = 3 4
3 x +1 = 3 4
 answer
x +1 = 4 (4)
x=3


NSC – Memorandum
1.1.4 (x + 1)(4 − x ) > 0  change of sign

( x + 1)( x − 4) < 0  both critical values
 correct inequality sign
+ 0 − 0 + (3)
or
–1 4 –1 4
−1 < x < 4
OR
 method
(x + 1)(4 − x ) > 0  both critical values
 correct inequality sign
− 0 + 0 − (3)
–1 4 –1 4
−1 < x < 4
1.2.1 2 x + 2 x + 2 = −5 y + 20
2 x (1 + 2 2 ) = −5 y + 20
 2 x common factor
−5 y + 20
2x =
5  answer
OR (2)
2 = −y + 4
x
1.2.2 If y = – 4 ,
2 x + 2 x + 2 = −5 y + 20
2 x + 2 x + 2 = 40
(
2 x 1 + 2 2 = 40 )
2 =8
x
 substitution
2 x = 23
 answer
x=3 (2)
1.2.3 –y+4>0 –y+4>0

y< 4
Largest integer value of y is 3  y=3
2 x = −3 + 4
2x = 1
 x=0
x=0 (3)
[21]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 2
2.1.1 32 1 1
r=− =−  −
64 2 2
 1  substitution
p = 256 − 
 2
 answer
p = −128 (3)
OR
p 64
=
256 p p 64
 =
2
p = 16384 256 p
 p = ±128
p = ±128
 answer
p = −128 (3)
OR p − 32
 =
256 64
p − 32  simplification
=
256 64  answer
64 p = 8192 (3)
p = −128
OR
1 64 1 64
= = −2  = = −2
r − 32 r − 32
 simplification
p = −2 × 64
 answer
p = −128 (3)
2.1.2
Sn =
[
a 1− r n
]
1− r  formula
 substitution
  1 8 
256 1 −  −  
  2  
S8 =
1
1+  answer
2
512  255  (3)
=  
3  256 
= 170
OR


NSC – Memorandum
Sn =
[
a1− rn ]  formula
1− r
8
  1 8 
2 1 −  −  
  2    substitution
S8 = 
1
1+
2
9
2  255 
=  
3  28 
= 170  answer
(3)
2.1.3 −1 < r < 1  answer
(1)
OR
1
The common ratio is − which is between – 1 and 1.  answer
2
(1)
OR
1
−1< − <1  answer
2 (1)
2.1.4 a
S∞ =  formula
1− r
256
=  substitution
 1
1− − 
 2
512
=  answer
3
(3)
= 170,67


NSC – Memorandum
2.2.1 16  answer
(1)
2.2.2 Tn = −8 + 6(n − 1)  substitution into equation
148 = 6n − 14 T n = 148
answer
6n = 162 (3)
n = 27
2.2.3
Sn =
n
[2a + (n − 1)d ]
2 
n
[2(− 8) + (n − 1)(6)]
2
n
[2(− 8) + (n − 1)(6)] > 10 140  3n 2 − 11n > 10 140
2
3n 2 − 11n > 10 140
3n 2 − 11n − 10 140 > 0
(3n + 169)(n − 60) > 0  factors
When n = 60, S n = 10 140  n = 60
Smallest n = 61  answer
(5)
2.3 30
∑ (3k + 5)
k =1
 n = 30
a = 8 n = 30 d = 3
30
30  substitution into correct
∑ (3k + 5) =
k =1 2
[2(8) + 29(3)]
formula
 answer
= 15(103)
(3)
= 1545 [22]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 3
3.1 Jacob calculated that the sequence is geometric or Jacob (geometric/exponential)

exponential.  Vusi (quadratic)
Vusi calculated that the sequence is quadratic. (2)
OR
Jacob has multiplied each term by 3 to get the next term.  Jacob (multiplied each term by 3)
Vusi sees it as a sequence with a constant second difference.  Vusi (constant second difference)
(2)
OR
Jacob calculated that the sequence is geometric or Jacob (geometric/exponential)
exponential.
Vusi calculated that the sequence can be seen as a  Vusi (exponential and cubic
combination of exponential and cubic sequences. combined)
(2)
3.2.1 Tn = 3n answer
(1)
OR
Tn = 3.3n −1
answer
(1)
3.2.2
3 9 27 57
6 18 30
12 12
2a = 12 3a + b = 6 a+b+c =3 a=6
a=6 18 + b = 6 6 − 12 + c = 3  method
b = −12 c=9  b = – 12
c=9
Tn = 6n 2 − 12n + 9 (4)
OR
2a = 12
a=6
a=6
T0 = c = 9
c=9
Tn = an 2 + bn + 9
3 = 6(1) 2 + b(1) + 9  method
b = −12
Tn = 6n 2 − 12n + 9  b = – 12
(4)
OR

NSC – Memorandum
2a = 12
a=6
Tn = 6n 2 + bn + c a=6
T1 = 3 = 6(1) + b(1) + c i.e. 3= 6+b+c  method
2
T2 = 9 = 6(2 ) + b(2 ) + c i.e. 9 = 24 + 2b + c

2
6 = 18 + b
b = −12
c=9
Tn = 6n 2 − 12n + 9  b = – 12
c=9
(4)
OR
Tn = 3 n + k (n − 1)(n − 2 )(n − 3) 
57 = 3 4 + k (3)(2)(1) Tn = 3n + k (n − 1)(n − 2 )(n − 3)
6k = −24
k = −4  substitution
 answer
Tn = 3 n − 4(n − 1)(n − 2 )(n − 3) (4)
[7]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 4
4.1 R OR (− ∞; ∞ ) answer
(1)
4.2 y=0 y=0
(1)
4.3 1
y
1
y
x=   x= 
3 3
y = log 1 x  y = log 1 x
3 3
OR (2)
1
y
1
y
x=   x= 
3  3
x = 3− y
− y = log3 x
 y = − log 3 x
y = − log3 x
(2)
4.4 y
 shape
intercept at (1 ; 0)
any other correct point
(3)
1 x
(3 ; -1)
4.5 x = −2  x = −2
(2)
4.6 LHS = [ f ( x)] − [ f (− x)]
2 2
2 2
 1  x   1  − x  2
=    −     1  x   1  − x 
 3    3       −   
 3    3  
= 3− 2 x − 32 x
RHS = f (2 x) − f (−2 x)  3−2 x − 32 x
2x −2x
1 1
=   −  2x −2 x
 3  3 1 1
   − 
−2x
= 3 −3 2x 3 3
∴ LHS = RHS
[ f ( x)]2 − [ f (− x)]2 = f (2 x) − f (−2 x)

(3)
[12]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 5
y
C(2 ; 6)
0 B(2,5 ; 0) x
5.1 a  p=2
g ( x) = +6
x−2  q=6
a
0= +6
2,5 − 2  substitute B(2,5 ; 0)
0 = 2a + 6  a = −3
a = −3 (4)
−3
g ( x) = +6
x−2
5.2 1
xf = 2−
2
3
xf =
2
yf = 6+6
y f = 12
3 
F  ; 12  x-coordinate
2  y-coordinate
(2)
[6]


NSC – Memorandum
y
QUESTION 6 S(1 ; 18)
f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c
g ( x) = −2 x + 8
f
R
P T x
6.1 0 = −2 x + 8 y=0
2x = 8
x=4 x = 4
T (4 ; 0) (2)
6.2 By symmetry, P(– 2 ; 0)
 f ( x ) = a(x + 2 )(x − 4 )
f (x ) = a (x + 2 )(x − 4 )
18 = a (1 + 2 )(1 − 4 )  substitutes S(1 ; 18)
a = −2
f (x ) = −2(x + 2 )(x − 4 )  a = −2
(
= −2 x 2 − 2 x − 8 )  multiplies out correctly to get
2
= −2 x + 4 x + 16 − 2 x 2 + 4 x + 16
(4)
OR
f ( x ) = a( x − 1) + 18  f ( x ) = a(x − 1) + 18
2 2
0 = a(4 − 1) + 18  substitutes T(4 ; 0)

2
a = −2
 a = −2
f ( x ) = −2(x − 1) + 18
2
( )
= −2 x 2 − 2 x + 1 + 18
2  multiplies out correctly to get
= −2 x + 4 x + 16
− 2 x 2 + 4 x + 16
(4)


NSC – Memorandum
6.3 − 2 x + 8 = −2 x 2 + 4 x + 16
2
 − 2 x + 8 = −2 x + 4 x + 16
2
2x2 − 6x − 8 = 0  2x − 6x − 8 = 0
x 2 − 3x − 4 = 0
(x − 4)(x + 1) = 0  x = −1
x = 4 or x = −1
at R, y = −2(− 1) + 8 = 10
 y = 10
i.e. R(– 1; 10)
(4)
6.4.1 −1 ≤ x ≤ 4  −1 ≤ x
x≤4
(2)
6.4.2 2
− 2x + 4x − 2 < 0
 − 2 x 2 + 4 x − 2 + 18 < 18
− 2 x 2 + 4 x − 2 + 18 < 18
− 2 x 2 + 4 x + 16 < 18  − 2 x 2 + 4 x + 16 < 18
f ( x) < 18  f ( x) < 18
(−∞ ; 1) ∪ (1 ; ∞)  (−∞ ; 1) ∪ (1 ; ∞)
(4)
OR
− 2x 2 + 4x − 2 < 0  − 2 x 2 + 4 x − 2 + 18 < 18
− 2 x 2 + 4 x − 2 + 18 < 18
2
 − 2 x 2 + 4 x + 16 < 18
− 2 x + 4 x + 16 < 18  f ( x) < 18
f ( x) < 18  x ∈R ; x ≠ 1
x ∈R ; x ≠ 1 (4)
[16]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 7
7.1 F = P(1 + i )  formula

n
 substitution
= 4 000 000(1 + 0,06)
3
 answer
= R 4 764 064 (3)
7.2.1
 formula
  0,06  − n 
30 0001 − 1 +   0,06
  12   i =
4 000 000 = 12
0,06
12 substitution into correct formula
 0,06  −n
4000000 ×   −n 1  0,06 
 12  = 1 − 1 + 0,06   = 1 + 
  3  12 
30000  12 
1  0,06 
−n correct use of logs
= 1 + 
3  12  answer of 220 withdrawals
1 (6)
log  0 , 06 
= −n
 1+
 12 
 3
n = 220,27
Therefore she will make 220 withdrawals of
R30 000.
OR  formula
  0,06  − n  0,06
30 000 1 − 1 +   i =
 
 12   12
4 000 000 = substitution into correct formula
0,06
12
 0,06 
4000000 ×   −n 1  0,06 
−n
 12  = 1 − 1 + 0,06   = 1 + 
  3  12 
30000  12 
−n
1  0,06  correct use of logs
= 1 + 
3  12  answer of 220 withdrawals
1  0,06 
log = −n log1 +  (6)
3  12 
n = 220,27
Therefore she will make 220 withdrawals of

R30 000.


NSC – Memorandum
7.2.2   0,06  − n  
20 0001 − 1 +     0,06  −n 
  12   20 000 1 − 1 +  
4 000 000 =   12  
0,06 4 000 000 = 
12 0,06
−n 12
 0,06 
0 = 1 +   0,06 
−n
 12   0 = 1 + 
 12 
She can make as many withdrawals as she pleases.  conclusion
(3)
[12]
QUESTION 8
12 2 12
 0,08   r  0,08 
1 +  = 1 +  1 + 
 12   2  12 
r 2
= 0,040672622  i
2 1 + 
r = 8,13452446%  2
 answer
r = 8,13% [3]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 9
9.1 f ( x) = 2 x 3
f ( x + h) = 2( x + h )
3
(
= 2 x 3 + 3 x 2 h + 3 xh 2 + h 3 )  substitution
= 2 x 3 + 6 x 2 h + 6 xh 2 + 2h 3
f ( x + h ) − f ( x) = 2 x 3 + 6 x 2 h + 6 xh 2 + 2h 3 − 2 x 3
= 6 x 2 h + 6 xh 2 + 2h 3  expansion
6 x 2 h + 6 xh 2 + 2h 3  formula
f ′( x ) = lim
h →0 h
= lim
(
h 6 x + 6 xh + 2h 2
2
)
h →0 h
(
= lim 6 x + 6 xh + 2h 2
h →0
2
)  6 x 2 + 6 xh + 2h 2
f ′( x) = 6 x 2  answer
(5)
OR
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f ′( x ) = lim  formula
h →0 h
2( x + h ) − 2 x 3
3
 substitution
= lim
h →0 h
= lim
(
2 x + 3 x 2 h + 3 xh 2 + h 3 − 2 x 3
3
)  expansion
h →0 h
6 x h + 6 xh + 2h 3
2 2
= lim
h →0 h
= lim
(
h 6 x + 6 xh + 2h 2
2
)
h →0 h
 6 x 2 + 6 xh + 2h 2
(
= lim 6 x + 6 xh + 2h 2
h →0
2
)
f ′( x) = 6 x 2  answer
(5)
9.2 2 x +1
y= −
3
x2  2x
2
3
− −2
= 2x 2
+ x −2  x
5
−
 − 3x
5 2
dy −
= −3 x 2
− 2 x −3 −3
dx  − 2x
(4)


NSC – Memorandum
9.3 f ′(−1) = −7
f ′( x) = 2ax + b  f ′( x) = 2ax + b
− 7 = −2a + b  substitution of x = – 1
 − 7 = −2a + b
f (−1) = −7(−1) + 3
= 10  f(-1) = 10
∴ a − b + 5 = 10
a − b = 5............[1]
− 2a + b = −7.........[2]
− a = −2.........[1] + [2]
a=2  a=2
b = −3  b= –3
(6)
[15]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 10
f ( x) = − x 3 − x 2 + x + 10
10.1 (0 ;10)  (0 ;10 )
(1)
10.2 3 2
0 = − x − x + x + 10
 (x − 2)
(
0 = −( x − 2 ) x 2 + 3 x + 5 )  (x 2 + 3x + 5)
x−2 = 0
or x 2 + 3x + 5 = 0
x=2
− 3 ± 32 − 4(1)(5) − 3 ± − 11
x= x=
2(1) 2
− 3 ± − 11
=
2  no solution
which has no solution (4)
Therefore the only x-intercept of f is (2; 0 )
10.3 f ′(x ) = −3 x 2 − 2 x + 1 
0 = −3 x 2 − 2 x + 1 f ′(x ) = −3 x 2 − 2 x + 1
 f (x ) = 0
0 = (3x − 1)(x + 1) ′
1  factors
x= or x = −1
3
3 2
 x-values
1 1 1
y = −(− 1) − (− 1) + (− 1) + 10
3 2
y = −  −   +   + 10 or
3 3 3
275
= =9 1 5
27   ; 10 
3 27 
1 5 
 ; 10  (− 1 ; 9)  (– 1 ; 9)
3 27 
(6)
10.4
y
(0,33 ; 10,19) Turning point

10
(-1 ; 9) Turning Point
 shape
 intercepts
 turning points
2 x
(3)
0 [14]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 11
11.1 Length of box = 3 x  length of box = 3x

Volume = l × b × h
 9 = 3x ⋅ x ⋅ h
9 = 3x ⋅ x ⋅ h
9 = 3x 2 h 3
 h=
3 x2
h= 2
x (3)
11.2 ( )
C = (2(3xh ) + 2 xh ) × 50 + 2 × 3x 2 × 100  (2(3 xh ) + 2 xh ) × 50
 3
= 8 x 2  × 50 + 600 x 2
( )
 2 × 3 x 2 × 100
x  3
 substitution of h =
1200 x2
= + 600 x 2 (3)
x
OR
 (h × 8 x )× 50
( )
C = (h × 8 x ) × 50 + 2 × 3x 2 × 100
 3
( )
 2 × 3 x 2 × 100
= 8 x 2  × 50 + 600 x 2 3
x   substitution of h =
x2
1200 (3)
= + 600 x 2
x
11.3 C = 1200 x −1 + 600 x 2 dC
 = −1200 x − 2 + 1200 x
dC dx
= −1200 x − 2 + 1200 x dC
dx =0
0 = −1200 x − 2 + 1200 x  dx
1200 x 3 = 1200
3
 x3 = 1
x =1 x =1
x =1
Therefore the width of the box is 1 metre. (4)
[10]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 12
12.1  region ABIJ shaded

y
60
(2)
55
50
A B C D
45
NOTE:
If region BCEFGI is shaded:
award ONE mark
40
35
J
30
If any other region is shaded:
award 0 marks
25
20
E
15
10
I
H G F x
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65
12.2 x ≤ 40  x ≤ 40
x + y ≤ 60
 x + y ≤ 60
y≥0
y≥0
(3)
12.3 x = 25 answer
(1)
12.4 At I(25 ; 10), P = 4(25) + 10 = 110  x = 25
Maximum value of P is 110 when x = 25 and y = 10  y = 10
substitution
 maximum value of P is 110
(4)
12.5 C = kx + y
y = −kx + C  y = −kx + C
− k < −1 k >1
(2)
k >1
NOTE:
Answer only: award TWO marks
[12]
TOTAL: 150
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Mathematics/P1 2 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

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Mathematics/P1 3 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

1.1.4 (x + 1)(4 − x ) > 0  change of sign

1.2.3 –y+4>0 –y+4>0

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Mathematics/P1 4 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

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Mathematics/P1 5 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

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Mathematics/P1 6 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

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Mathematics/P1 7 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

3.1 Jacob calculated that the sequence is geometric or Jacob (geometric/exponential)

Mathematics/P1 8 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

T2 = 9 = 6(2 ) + b(2 ) + c i.e. 9 = 24 + 2b + c

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Mathematics/P1 9 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

[ f ( x)]2 − [ f (− x)]2 = f (2 x) − f (−2 x)

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Mathematics/P1 10 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

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Mathematics/P1 11 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

0 = a(4 − 1) + 18  substitutes T(4 ; 0)

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Mathematics/P1 12 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

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Mathematics/P1 13 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

7.1 F = P(1 + i )  formula

Therefore she will make 220 withdrawals of

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Mathematics/P1 14 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

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Mathematics/P1 15 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

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Mathematics/P1 16 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

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Mathematics/P1 17 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

(0,33 ; 10,19) Turning point

(-1 ; 9) Turning Point

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Mathematics/P1 18 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

11.1 Length of box = 3 x  length of box = 3x

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Mathematics/P1 19 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

12.1  region ABIJ shaded

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