Mathematics P2 Feb-March 2013 Memo Eng

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NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12
MATHEMATICS P2
FEBRUARY/MARCH 2013
MEMORANDUM
MARKS: 150
This memorandum consists of 21 pages.
Copyright reserved Please turn over

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Mathematics/P2 2 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

NSC – Memorandum
NOTE:
• If a candidate answers a question TWICE, only mark the FIRST attempt.
• If a candidate has crossed out an attempt of a question and not redone the question, mark
the crossed out version.
• Consistent Accuracy applies in ALL aspects of the marking memorandum.
QUESTION 1
1.1 Scatter plot of exchange rate versus oil price
82
81
80
 any 4
79
points
78 correctly
77 plotted
 any 9
76 points
correctly
Oil price (in $)
75
plotted
74
 all points
73 correctly
72
plotted
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
6.7 6.8 6.9 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8
Exchange rate (in R/$)
(3)
1.2 As the exchange rate (R/$) increases the oil price ($) decreases.  reason
OR
There is a negative correlation between the exchange rate and oil price. (2)
1.3 852,6  852,6
Mean =
12
= 71,05  71,05
(2)
1.4 Standard deviation is:  4,09
σ = 4,09 (2)
1.5 2 standard deviations from the mean = 71,05+ 2(4,09) = 79,23  79,23
The public will be concerned in December 2010  Dec
2010
(2)
[11]

NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 2
2.1 Range of Peter’s scores is 94 – 68 = 26  94 – 68

 26
(2)
2.2 Vuyani’s minimum score is 76  76
(1)
2.3 Vuyani was more consistent during the year because the range of his  Vuyani
scores is more clustered about the median value  reason
OR the range and inter-quartile range are smaller than Peters. (2)
[5]
QUESTION 3
3.1
Cumulative Frequency Graph

160
150
140  plotting points
130 at cumulative
120 frequencies
110
Cumulative frequency
100  plot against

90 upper limits
80
70  grounded at
60 (0 ; 0)
50
40
 smooth curve
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
(4)
Percentage interval
3.2.1 (85 ; ± 144 )  (85 ; ± 144)

± 144 learners that scored below 85%  ± 144 learners
(Accept: 144 to 146) (2)
3.2.2 Q 1 = 25 or 27 or 26  lower quartile
Q 3 = 61 or 62 or 64  upper quartile
Interquartile range = 36 or 35 or 38  IQR
(3)
[9]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 4
4.1 y 2 − y1
m AD =
x 2 − x1
 substitution
7 − (−3)
=
1 − (−4)
=2 2
(2)
4.2 AD//BC  m AD = 2
m AD = m BC = 2
y − y1 = m( x − x1 )  substitute into
formula
y − (−8) = 2( x − (−2)
∴ y = 2x − 4  y = 2x − 4
(3)
4.3 At F: y = 0
0 = 2x – 4 y=0
x=2 x=2
F(2 ; 0) (2)
4.4 D is translated C according to the rule:
D( x ; y ) → C ( x + 2 ; y − 5)
A must also be translated according to this rule to B/. x=3
∴A(1 ; 7) → B/ (3 ; 2) y=2
(2)
OR
x B / = −2 + (1 + 4) = 3 x=3
y=2
y B / = −8 + (7 + 3) = 5 (2)
4.5 m BC = 2
tan θ = 2 β θ
 63,43°
θ = 63,43° F(2 ; 0)
− 8 − (−3) 5 D(–4 ; –3) 5
m DC = =−  tan β = −
− 2 − (−4) 2 2
C(–2 ; –8)
5  111,8°
tan β = −
2
β = 180° − 68,20° = 111,80°
 48,37°
α = 111,80° − 63.43° = 48,37° (4)
OR


NSC – Memorandum
DC = (−4 + 2) 2 + (−3 + 8) 2
= 29
CF = (−2 − 2) 2 + (−8 − 0) 2
= 80
DF = (2 + 4) 2 + (0 + 3) 2 Subst in cos-
formula
= 45 cos α subject
29 + 80 − 45 0,6643...
cos α =
2( 29 )( 80 ) 48,37°
(4)
= 0,6643...
α = 48,37°
OR
DC = (−4 + 2) 2 + (−3 + 8) 2
= 29
DB = (3 + 4) 2 + (2 + 3) 2
= 74
BC = (3 + 2) 2 + (2 + 8) 2 Subst in cos-
formula
= 125 cos α subject
29 + 125 − 74 0,6643...
cos α =
2( 29 )( 125 ) 48,37°
(4)
= 0,6643...
α = 48,37°
4.6 DC = (−4 + 2) 2 + (−3 + 8) 2  substitution
into formula
= 29  29
CF = (−2 − 2) 2 + (−8 − 0) 2  substitution
into formula
= 80
 80
1
Area ∆DCF = .DC.CF. sin α
2
1  substitution
= ( 29 )( 80 ) sin 48,37°
2 into the area
= 18 units 2 rule
 18
(6)


NSC – Memorandum
OR
6
F
3 (1) Area=9
D  establishing
rectangle and
8
area
5 (3)
Area (2) Area = 16
=5
 relationship of
2 C 4 areas
 (1) = 9
Area ∆DCF = Area of rectangle – (1) – (2) – (3)
(2) = 16
= 48 – 9 – 5 – 16 (3) = 5
= 18 sq units 18 units2
(6)
OR
G(–4 ; 0) H(–2 ; 0) F (2 ; 0)
 drawing
perpendiculars
D (–4 ; –3)
C (–2 ; –8)
Area CDF = Area CHF + Area CDGH - Area DGF  relationship of

areas
1 1 1  16
= × 4 × 8 + 2 × (3 × 8) − × 6 × 3
2 2 2  11
= 16 + 11 − 9  9
= 18 18 units2
(6)
[19]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 5
5.1.1 x 2 + y 2 + 2x + 6 y + 2 = 0

x 2 + 2 x + 1 + y 2 + 6 y + 9 = −2 + 10
( x + 1) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 = 8
( x + 1) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 = 8  –1
M (−1 ; − 3)  –3
(3)
5.1.2 radius of circle C1 = 8  8
(1)
5.2 x 2 + ( x − 2) 2 + 2 x + 6( x − 2) + 2 = 0  substitution
x 2 + x 2 − 4 x + 4 + 2 x + 6 x − 12 + 2 = 0
2x 2 + 4x − 6 = 0  standard form
x 2 + 2x − 3 = 0
 factors
(x + 3)( x − 1) = 0
x = −3 or x ≠ 1  value of x
y = −3 − 2 = −5  value of y
(5)
∴ D(−3 ; − 5)
OR
( x + 1) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 = 8
subst. y = x − 2  substitution
( x + 1) 2 + ( x − 2 + 3) 2 = 8
( x + 1) 2 + ( x + 1) 2 = 8
 standard form
x 2 + 2x − 3 = 0
 factors
(x + 3)( x − 1) = 0
x = −3 or x ≠ 1  value of x
 value of y
y = −3 − 2 = −5
OR (5)
( x + 1) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 = 8
subst. y = x − 2
 substitution
( x + 1) 2 + ( x − 2 + 3) 2 = 8
( x + 1) 2 + ( x + 1) 2 = 8
 simplification
(x + 1)2= 4
 square root of both
x +1 = ±2 sides
x= −3 or x ≠ 1
y= −3 − 2 = −5  value of x
 value of y
OR


NSC – Memorandum
 8 = 2 2 + 2 2
PM makes 45° with the x-axis.
8 = 22 + 22  value of x
Therefore:  value of y
x D = x M − 2 = −1 − 2 = −3 (5)
y D = −3 − 2 = −5
5.3 MD ⊥ DB (tangent ⊥ radius)  tangent ⊥

MB 2 = MD 2 + DB 2 (Pythagoras) radius
 substitution
= ( 8 ) 2 + (4 2 ) 2 into Pythagoras
= 40
MB is the radius of C 2
MB = 40  40
(3)
5.4 2
( x + 1) + ( y + 3) = 40 2  LHS
 RHS
(2)
5.5 (
Distance from 2 5 ; 0 to centre )
substitution into
= (2 )2
5 + 1 + (0 + 3)
2
distance formula
= 6,24  6,24
6,24 < 6,32 40 ( ) 6,24 < 6,32

( )
Distance from 2 5 ; 0 to centre < radius of circle.
( )
2 5 ; 0 lies inside the circle.  conclusion
(4)
[18]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 6
6.1.1 A( – 5 ; 3) –1
A / (−5 + 4 ; 3 − 3) = (−1 ; 0) 0
(2)
6.1.2 /
A (−5 ; − 3)  –5
 –3
(2)
6.2.1 KM/ /
15 3 KM / /
Scale factor of enlargement is = = 
KM 10 2 KM
3

2
OR
3 3 
K (−4 ; 2) → K / (−6 ; 3) = K /  × −4 ; × 2 
2 2  
3 3 3 
Scale factor is  × −4 ; × 2 
2 2 2 
3

2
(2)
6.2.2 3 3  3
( x ; y) →  x ; y  x
2 2  2
3
 y
2
(2)
6.2.3 3 3 9
P/  ×3 ; 2×  
2 2 2
 3
9 
= P /  ; 3 (2)
2 
6.2.4 a=1 a=1
(2)
6.2.5 //
K (4 ; − 2)  4  –2
(2)
6.2.6 ///
K K =5 / ///
K K = 5 /
K / M /// = 15  K / M /// = 15
K / K /// 5 1 1
= =
/
K M ///
15 3 
3
(3)
[17]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 7
7.1 K / (b ; − a ) b
–a
(2)
7.2 K (b cos θ − a sin θ ; − a cos θ − b sin θ )
// 
b cos θ − a sin θ
OR 
K (a cos(90 + θ ) + b sin(90° + θ ) ; b cos(90° + θ ) − a sin(90° + θ )
// − a cos θ − b sin θ
(2)
= K // (−a sin θ + b cos θ ; − b sin θ − a cos θ )
7.3 T // (−(−4) sin θ + (−2) cos θ ; − (−2) sin θ − (−4) cos θ ) 
4 sin θ − 2 cos θ
= T // (4 sin θ − 2 cos θ ; 2 sin θ + 4 cos θ )

OR 2 sin θ + 4 cos θ
(2)
T // (−2 cos θ − (−4) sin θ ; − (−4) cos θ − (−2) sin θ )

= T // (−2 cos θ + 4 sin θ ; 4 cos θ + 2 sin θ ) 4 sin θ − 2 cos θ

2 sin θ + 4 cos θ
(2)
7.4 2 3 + 1 = 4 sin θ − 2 cos θ ........(1)  substitution to
form equation
3 − 2 = 2 sin θ + 4 cos θ ........(2)  substitution to
(2) × 2 : 2 3 − 4 = 4 sin θ + 8 cos θ ....(3) form equation
(1) − (3) : 5 = −10 cos θ
 5 = −10 cos θ
1 1
− = cos θ  − = cos θ
2 2
∴ θ = 180° − 60° = 120°  120°
OR (5)
2 3 + 1 = 4 sin θ − 2 cos θ ........(1)

 substitution to
3 − 2 = 2 sin θ + 4 cos θ ........(2) form equation
(1) × 2 : 4 3 + 2 = 8 sin θ − 4 cos θ ....(3)  substitution to
form equation
(2) + (3) : 5 3 = 10 sin θ
3  5 3 = 10 sin θ
= sin θ
2 3
∴ θ = 180° − 60° = 120°  = sin θ
2
 120°
(5)
OR


NSC – Memorandum
1 1
mOT = ⇒ tan XÔT =
2 2
XÔT = 206,565...°
1
 tan XÔT =
3−2 3−2 2
mOT / = ⇒ tan XOˆ T // = = −0,06....
2 3 +1 2 3 +1  206.565...°
XÔT = −3,434°
 – 0,06...
90° + θ = 209,99...° ≈ 210°
θ = 120°  – 3.434°
 120°
(5)
OR
(TT/)2 = OT2 + (OT/)2 – 2(OT)(OT/).cos (90° + θ)

40 + 20 3 = 40 − 40. cos(90° + θ )
3 (TT/)2
cos(90° + θ ) = −
2 = 40 + 20 3
90° + θ = 150° substitution
in cos-rule
θ = 60°
simplification
150°
60°
(5)
[11]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 8
8.1 1 − sin 2 θ + 3 − cos 2 θ  simplification

= 4 − (sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ ) 3
=3 (2)
OR
cos θ + 3 − cos θ
2 2
 substitution
=3 with identity
3
(2)
8.2 4 sin 150°
.2 3 tan 225°  rewrite using
reduction
= 4 sin 30°.2 3 tan 45° formula
1  substituting
= (2 ) .2
2 2 3
special angles
 simplification
= 16
=4 4
(4)
OR
1 1
sin 150° =  sin 150° =
2 2
tan 225° = 1  tan 225° = 1
4 sin 150° 2 3 tan 225°
1
= 4 2 23 1
3  42 = 2
= 2.2
= 16 4
(4)
=4
8.3 cos 2 x(sin 2 x + cos 2 x)  factorisation
LHS =
1 − sin x
2 1
cos x . (1)
=
1 − sin x
(1 − sin 2 x)  1 − sin 2 x
=
1 − sin x
(1 + sin x)(1 − sin x)
=  factors
1 − sin x
=1 + sin x
= RHS (4)


NSC – Memorandum
8.4 cos 3θ
= cos(2θ + θ )
= cos 2θ . cos θ − sin 2θ . sin θ expansion
= (2 cos θ − 1). cos θ − 2 sin θ . cos θ . sin θ
2
 2 cos 2 θ − 1
= 2 cos 3 θ − cos θ − 2 sin 2 θ . cos θ  2 sin θ . cos θ
= 2 cos 3 θ − cos θ − 2(1 − cos 2 θ ). cos θ
 1− cos 2 θ
= 2 cos θ − cos θ − 2 cos θ + 2 cos θ
3 3
= 4 cos 3 θ − 3 cos θ
(4)
8.5 cos 3θ = 4 cos θ − 3 cos θ
3
θ = 20°
cos 3(20°) = 4 cos 3 (20°) − 3 cos(20°)
1
1 cos 60° =
= 4 x 3 − 3x 2
2
8x 3 − 6 x − 1 = 0 (2)
[16]


NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 9
9.1 cos160°. tan 200°

2 sin( −10°)
 − cos 20°
(− cos 20°)(tan 20°)
=  tan 20°
2(− sin 10°)  − sin 10°
 sin 20° 
(− cos 20°) 
 cos 20°  sin 20°
= 
− 2 sin 10° cos 20°
2 sin 10° cos10° 
= 2 sin 10° cos10°
2 sin 10°
= cos10°  cos10°
(6)
9.2.1 LHS = cos( x + 45°). cos( x − 45°)
= (cos x. cos 45° − sin x sin 45°)(cos x cos 45° + sin x sin 45°)  expand
cos( x + 45°)
= cos 2 x. cos 2 45° − sin 2 x. sin 2 45°
2 2
 2  2   1 
2
 1  
2
 expand
= cos x
2
 − sin 2 

 or cos 2
 2  x  − sin 2 x   cos( x − 45°)
 2      2  2  
1 1  substitute
= cos 2 x − sin 2 x
2 2 special angles
1
= (cos 2 x − sin 2 x)
2
 simplification
1
= cos 2 x
2
(4)
OR
2 cos α cos β = cos(α + β ) + cos(α − β )  deriving

1 identity
cos α cos β = (cos(α + β ) + cos(α − β ) )
2
Let α = x + 45° and β = x − 45°
∴ cos( x + 45°) cos( x − 45°)
1  substitution
= (cos(( x + 45° + x − 45°) + cos( x + 45° − x + 45°) )
2
1  simplification
= (cos 2 x + cos 90°)
2
1 (4)
= cos 2 x
2


NSC – Memorandum
9.2.2 1
cos( x + 45°) cos( x − 45°) has a minimum when cos 2 x has a
2
minimum.
The minimum value of cos 2 x is –1  minimum

value of –1
cos 2 x = −1
2 x = 180° 2x = 180°
x = 90°  x = 90°
(3)
[13]
QUESTION 10
10.1 Range = [−1 ; 1]  [−1 ; 1]

(2)
10.2 3  3 
f  x  = sin 2 x 
2  2 
 sin 3x
= sin 3 x
360°
∴ Period = = 120°
3 120°
OR (2)
3  3 
f  x  = sin 2 x 
2  2 
 sin 3x
= sin 3 x
= sin(3 x + 360°)
= sin 3( x + 120°)
120°
∴ Period = 120°
(2)


NSC – Memorandum
10.3
1.5
f (30° ; 1)
1
0,87
0.5  x intercepts
(90° ; 0,5)
 turning points
-180 -120 -60 60  shape
-0.5
(-180° ; -0,87)
g
-1
(-150° ; -1) (4)
-1.5
10.4 (−180° ; − 90°) or (−60° ; 0°)  > – 180°

OR  < –90°
 > –60°
− 180° < x < −90° or − 60° < x < 0°  < 0°
(4)
10.5 y = sin 2(x + 30°)  translation 30°
∴ translation of 30° to the left  to the left
(2)
10.6 sin 2 x = cos( x − 30°)  using co-function
sin 2 x = sin[90° − ( x − 30°)] 
2 x = 120° − x + 360°k
= sin(120° − x)  x = 40° + 120°k
2 x = 120° − x + 360°k ; k ∈ Z 2 x = 180° − (120° − x) + 360°k 
3 x = 120° + 360°k or 2 x − x = 60° + 360°k 2 x = 180° − (120° − x)
x = 40° + 120°k ; k ∈ Z x = 60° + 360°k ; k ∈ Z + 360°k
 x = 60° + 360°k
k ∈Z
(6)
OR
sin 2 x = cos( x − 30°) cos(90° − x) =


cos(90° − 2 x) = cos( x − 30°) cos( x − 30°)
90° − 2 x = x − 30° + 360°k or 90° − 2 x = 360° − ( x − 30°) + 360°k 90° − 2 x = x − 30°

− 3 x = −120° + 360°k − x = 300° + 360°k + 360°k
x = 40° − 120°k ; k ∈ Z x = −300° − 360°k ; k ∈ Z  x = 40° − 120°k

90° − 2 x = 360°
∴ x = 40° + 120°k or x = 60° + 360°k ; k ∈ Z
− ( x − 30°) + 360°k

x = −300° − 360°k
k ∈Z
(6)
[20]

NSC – Memorandum
QUESTION 11
11.1 AB AB
= sin 2 x  = sin 2 x
r r
AB = r sin 2 x  AB = r sin 2 x
(2)
11.2 AK̂C = 90° + x  AKˆ C = 90° + x
(1)
11.3
C
 sine rule
x x
r  substitution
 making AK subject
of the formula
90°- x 90°+ x
B A  cos x
K
In ΔAKC :
sin AK̂C sin AĈK
=
AC AK
sin(90° + x) sin x
=
r AK
r sin x r sin x
AK = =
sin(90° + x) cos x
AK 2
=
AB 3
 r sin x 
 
 cos x  = 2
r sin 2 x 3
sin x
cos x 2
=  2sinx.cosx
2 sin x cos x 3
sin x 1 2
× =
cos x 2 sin x cos x 3 1
1 2 
= 2 cos 2 x
2 cos x 3
2
4 cos 2 x = 3 3
 cos x =
3 2
cos x =
2
x = 30°  x = 30°
OR (8)


NSC – Memorandum
x x
r
90°- x 90°+ x
B K A
Using the sine-formula in ∆CBK and ∆CKA:
sin x sin(90° − x) sin x sin(90° + x) sin x sin(90° − x)
= and =  =
BK BC KA AC BK BC
BK KA sin x sin(90° + x)
∴ =  =
BC AC KA AC
1 2 
BK KA
=
∴ =
BC r BC AC
1 1 2
∴ BC = r  =
2 BC r
BC 12 r 1 1
∴ cos 2 x = = =  BC = r
AC r 2 2
∴ 2 x = 60° 1
 cos 2 x =
∴ x = 30° 2
 2x = 60°
 x = 30°
OR
(8)
C
x x
r
90°- x 90°+ x 90°- 2 x

B K A
c 2c
c
∆CBK: KC =
sin x c
 KC =
sin x
sin x sin(90° − 2 x) sin(90° − 2 x). sin x
∆CKA: = =
2c KC c sin x sin(90° − 2 x)
 =
2c KC
1
∴ sin (90° - 2x) = = sin 30° substitution
2 1
∴ 90° - 2x = 30°  sin (90° - 2x) =
2
x = 30°
90° - 2x = 30°
 x = 30°

NSC – Memorandum
OR (8)
C
x x
r
90°- x 90°+ x 90°- 2 x

B K A
c 2c
∆CBK:
3c
sin 2 x = = 2 sin x. cos x 3c
r  sin 2 x =
3c r
∴ r sin x = .......................(1)  2 sin x. cos x
2 cos x
3c
 r sin x =
∆CKA: 2 cos x
2c r
= 2c r
sin x cos x  =
∴ r sin x = 2c cos x ..........................(2) sin x cos x
 r sin x = 2c cos x
Equate (1) and (2):
3c
2c. cos x =
2 cos x
3 equating
∴ cos 2 x =
4
3
∴ cos x =
2
∴ x = 30° 3
 cos x =
2
OR 30°
(8)


NSC – Memorandum
AK 2
= =2
KB 1
1
AK .BC multiplying by 12 BC
2= 2
1
2 BK .BC 
area AKC area of triangles
=
area ABC

1
rCK sin x area formula in
= 12
2 BC .CK sin x triangles
r r
=  =2
BC BC
BC 1 BC 1
∴ =  =
r 2 r 2
1 1
∴ cos 2 x =  cos 2 x =
2 2
∴ 2 x = 60°  2x = 60°
∴ x = 30°
 x = 30°
(8)
OR
x x
r
B K A
c 2c

By the Internal Bisector Theorem: For stating Internal
CB BK 1 Bisector Theorem
= = CB BK 1
CA KA 2  = =
1 CA KA 2
cos 2 x =
2
2 x = 60° 1
x = 30°  cos 2 x =
2
 2x = 60°
 x = 30°
(8)


NSC – Memorandum
OR
x x
r
x
0°- x 90°+ x
B K A
Produce BC to D and draw CK parallel to DA.

CAˆ D = KCˆ A and BCˆ K = Dˆ
 DC = CA = r
∴ DC = CA = r
∴ ∆BKC ||| ∆BAD  ∆BKC ||| ∆BAD
BK BC BK BC
∴ = =3  = =3
BA BD BA BD
∴ BD = 3BC = BC + r BD = BC + r
1 1
∴ BC = r  BC = r
2 2
1
r 1 1
∴ cos 2 x = 2
=  cos 2 x =
r 2 2
∴ 2 x = 60° 2x = 60°
∴ x = 30° 30°
(8)
[11]
TOTAL: 150
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Mathematics/P2 2 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

Mathematics/P2 3 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

2.1 Range of Peter’s scores is 94 – 68 = 26  94 – 68

Cumulative Frequency Graph

100  plot against

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10.4 (−180° ; − 90°) or (−60° ; 0°)  > – 180°

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Mathematics/P2 21 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013

Produce BC to D and draw CK parallel to DA.

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