National Senior Certificate: Grade 12

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NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12
MATHEMATICS P2
EXEMPLAR 2014
MEMORANDUM
MARKS: 150
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Mathematics/P2 2 DBE/2014
NSC – Grade 12 Exemplar – Memorandum
NOTE:
• If a candidate answers a question TWICE, only mark the FIRST attempt.
• If a candidate has crossed out an attempt of a question and not redone the question, mark the
crossed out version.
• Consistent accuracy applies in ALL aspects of the marking memorandum.
• Assuming answers/values in order to solve a problem is NOT acceptable.
QUESTION 1
1.1 As the number of days that an athlete trained increased, the time  explanation
taken to run the 100m event decreased.
OR
The fewer number of days an athlete trained, the longer the time he
took to complete the 100m sprint.
OR
The greater number of days an athlete trained, the shorter the time
he ran the 100m sprint. (1)
1.2 (60 ; 18,1) 
(1)
1.3 a = 17,81931464…  a
b = – 0,070685358...  b
∴ ŷ = – 0,07x + 17,82  equation
(4)
1.4 ∴ ŷ ≈ – 0,07(45) + 17,82  substitution
≈ 14,67 seconds  answer
(2)
1.5 r = – 0,74 (–0,740772594...)  r
(2)
1.6 There is a moderately strong relationship between the variables.  moderately
strong
(1)
[11]

QUESTION 2
2.1 grounding at 0
170 plotting at upper
160 limits
150
 smooth shape
of curve
140
130
120
110
100
Cumulative Frequency
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Time (hours)
(3)
2.2 40 ≤ t < 60  class
(1)
2.3 (96 ; 164) 164
∴ 172 – 164 = 8 learners 8
(2)
2.4 Frequency: 25; 44; 60; 28; 9; 6 frequency
25 × 10 + 44 × 30 + 60 × 50 + 28 × 70 + 9 × 90 + 6 × 110  midpoints
Mean =
172
8000 8000
= 
172 172
= 46,51 hours  answer
(4)
[10]

QUESTION 3
3.1 K(7 ; 0)  answer
(1)
3.2 x +7 y +3
1= M and 1= M x
2 2 y
∴M(– 5 ; – 1) (2)
3.3 3 −1  substitution
m PM =
7 −1
1 answer
=
3 (2)
3.4 1  tan PŜK = m
tan PŜK = m = PM
PM 3
−1  1 
PŜK = tan   = 18,43°  PŜK
3
θ
∴ θ = 180° – 90° – 18,43° = 71,57° (3)
3.5 PK 3
cos 71,57° = =  correct ratio
PS PS
3
PS =  PS as subject
cos 71,57°
= 9,49 units  answer
OR (3)
PK 3  correct ratio
sin 18,43° = =
PS PS
3  PS as subject
PS =
sin 18,43°
= 9,49 units  answer
(3)
3.6 N(x ; –2x + 17)  N in terms of x
m =m (TN | | PM )  equal gradients
TN PM
− 2 x + 17 − 5 1
=  substitution
x − (−1) 3
− 6 x + 36 = x + 1
− 7 x = −35
x=5  x -value
∴ y = –2(5) + 17 = 7  y -value
∴N(5 ; 7) (5)
OR

1  m TM
mTM = (TN | | PM )
3
equation of TM:
1
y − y = (x − x ) 1
1 3 1 y= x+c
1 3
y − 5 = ( x − (−1))
3 1
1 1
OR 5 = (–1) + c
y −5 = x+ 3
3 3 1
1 1 5 =c
y = x+5 3  equation of TM
3 3
1 1
y= x+5
1 1 3 3  equating
− 2 x + 17 = x + 5
3 3
1 2
− 2 x = −11  x -value
3 3
x=5  y -value
∴ y = –2(5) + 17 = 7 (5)
∴N(5 ; 7)
3.7.1 y=5  equation
(1)
3.7.2
y
A(a ; 5) T A(a ; 5)
45° 45°
Q(1 ; 1)
45° 135° x
 m = 1 or
AQ
gradient of AQ = tan 45° or tan 135°  m = –1
AQ
= 1 or –1
5 −1  substitution into
m AQ = = ±1 gradient formula
a −1  x-value
∴ a – 1 = 4 or –4  y-value
∴ a = 5 or –3 (5)
[22]

QUESTION 4
4.1 M(–1 ; –1)  answer

(1)
4.2 2 −1  m
m = = −1 NT
NT 3−4  m
∴ m =1 (radius ⊥ tangent) AT
AT  reason
y − 1 = 1( x − 4)  substitution of
y = x−3
m and (4 ; 1)
 equation
(5)
4.3 MR ⊥ AB (line from centre to midpt of chord)  MR ⊥ AB
MB 2 = MR 2 + RB 2 (Theorem of Pythagoras)
MB = 3
10 2
9=( ) + RB 2
2  substitution into
13 Theorem of
RB 2 =
2 Pythagoras
13
RB =
2
 13   AB in surd form
AB = 2  = 26 units
 (4)
 2 
4.4 MN2 = (–1 – 3)2 + (–1 – 2)2  substitution into
= 16 + 9 distance formula
= 25
MN = 5 units  answer
(2)
4.5 r = 5 – 3 = 2 units r
∴ (x – 3)2 + (y – 2)2 = 4 substitution into
∴ x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y + 9 = 0 circle equation
equation
(3)
[15]

QUESTION 5
5.1.1 – sin α  reduction

4 4
= –( − ) =  answer
5 5
(2)
5.1.2 (− 4) 2
+b =5
2 2
b 2 = 25 − 16 = 9 α  b = −3
b = −3
−3 5
cos α =
5
(–3 ; –4) answer
(2)
5.1.3 sin (α – 45°)
= sin α cos 45° – cos α sin 45°  expansion
4 1 3 1 1
= − . − (− ) . 
5 2 5 2 2
1  answer in
= − simplest form
5 2
OR (3)
sin (α – 45°)
= sin α cos 45° – cos α sin 45°  expansion
4 2 3 2 2
= − . − (− ) . 
5 2 5 2 2
 answer in
2 simplest form
= −
10 (3)
5.2.1 8 sin x. cos x  sin x
LHS =  cos x
2 2
sin x − cos x
 cos2 x
4(2 sin x. cos x)
=
sin 2 x − cos 2 x
4 sin 2 x  4 sin 2x
=  factorise
2 2
− (cos x − sin x)
4 sin 2 x
=  – cos 2x
− cos 2 x
= −4 tan 2 x (6)
5.2.2 Undefined when cos 2x = 0 or tan 2x = ∞:
x = 45° and  45°
x = 135°  135°
(2)

5.3 2 2
1 − 2 sin θ + 4 sin θ − 5 sin θ − 4 = 0  1 − 2 sin 2 θ
2  standard form
2 sin θ − 5 sin θ − 3 = 0
(2 sin θ + 1)(sin θ − 3) = 0  factors
1  no solution
∴ sin θ = – or sin θ = 3 (no solution)  210°
2
 330°
∴θ = 210° + 360°k or θ = 330° + 360°k ; k ∈ Z
 + 360°k ; k ∈ Z
(7)
OR
[22]
∴θ = 210° + 360°k of θ = 30° + 360°k ; k ∈ Z
QUESTION 6
6.1 1  value of b
b= (1)
2
6.2 A(30° ; 1)  30°
1
(2)
6.3 x = 160°  x =160°
(1)
6.4 h(x) = 2cos (x – 30°) + 1
y ∈ [–1 ; 3]  critical values
OR  notation
−1 ≤ y ≤ 3 (2)
[6]

QUESTION 7
7.1 Draw CD ⊥ AB  construction

C
In ∆ACD:
CD  sin A
sin A = ∴ CD = b. sin A  making CD the
b b a
subject
In ∆CBD:
CD
sin B = ∴ CD = a. sin B A D B  sin B
a
∴ b . sin A = a. sin B  b. sin A = a. sin B

sin A sin B
∴ =
a b (5)
7.2.1 SP̂Q = 180° – 2x (opp ∠s of cyclic quad )  SP̂Q = 180° – 2x
PŜQ + PQ̂S = 2x (sum of ∠s in ∆) (S/R)
PŜQ = PQ̂S = x (∠s opp equal sides)
 reason
(2)
7.2.2 sinSP̂Q sinPŜQ
=  substitution into
SQ PQ
sin(180° − 2 x) sin x correct formula
=  sin 2x
SQ k
k sin 2 x
SQ =  SQ subject
sin x  2 sin x. cos x
k (2 sin x. cos x)
SQ = = 2k cos x (4)
sin x
OR
2 2 2
SQ = PQ + PS – 2PQ.PS.cos SP̂Q  substitution into
= k2 + k2 – 2.k.k. cos (180° – 2x) correct formula
= 2k2 + 2k2 cos 2x  – cos 2x
= 2k2 + 2k2(2cos2 x – 1)  2cos2 x – 1
= 4k2cos2 x  simplification
SQ = 2k cos x (4)
7.2.3 3
tan y =  tan ratio
k
3
k=  k subject and
tan y
substitution
 3 
SQ = 2 cos x 
 tan y 
∴ (2)
6 cos x
= [13]
tan y

QUESTION 8
8.1 the angle subtended by the chord in the alternate segment correct theorem
(1)
8.2.1 B̂ = Ê = 68° (tan chord theorem)  Ê 1 = 68°
1 1
 reason
(2)
8.2.2 Ê1 = B̂3 = 68° (alt ∠s; AE | | BC)  B̂ 3 = 68° (S/R)
(1)
8.2.3 D̂1 = B̂3 = 68° (ext ∠ of cyclic quad)  D̂1 = 68°
 reason
(2)
8.2.4 Ê = 20° + 68° (ext ∠ of ∆)
2
= 88°  Ê = 88° (S/R)
2
(1)
8.2.5 Ĉ = 180° – 88° (opp ∠s of cyclic quad)  Ĉ = 92°
= 92°  reason
(2)
[9]

QUESTION 9
9.1 D̂ = Â = x (tan chord theorem)  Â = x

4
 reason
Â = D̂ = x (∠s opp equal sides)  Â = D̂ = x
2
2
(S/R)
(3)
9.2 M̂1 = 2x (ext ∠ of ∆) or (∠ at centre = 2∠ at circum)  M̂ = 2x (S/R)
1
MD̂E = 90° (radius ⊥ tan)  MD̂E = 90°
M̂ 2 = 90° − 2 x (S/R)
∴ Ê = 180° − (90° + 90° − 2 x) (sum of ∠s in ∆MDE)  Ê = 2 x

= 2x
∴ CM is a tangent (converse tan chord theorem)  reason
(4)
9.3 M̂ 3 = 90° (EM ⊥ AC)  M̂ = 90°
3
AD̂B = 90° (∠ in semi-circle)  AD̂B = 90° (S/R)
∴ FMBD a cyclic quad (ext ∠ of quad = int opp ∠)  reason
OR (3)
EM̂C = 90° (EM ⊥ AC)  EM̂C = 90°
AD̂B = 90° (∠ in semi-circle)  AD̂B = 90° (S/R)
∴ FMBD a cyclic quad (opp ∠s of quad supp)  reason
(3)
9.4 DC2 = MC2 – MD2 (Theorem of Pythagoras)  Th of Pythagoras
= (3BC)2 – (2BC)2 (MB = MD = radii)  substitution
= 9BC2 – 4BC2  9BC2 – 4BC2
= 5BC2 (3)
9.5 In ∆DBC and ∆DFM:
D̂ = D̂ = x (proven in 9.1)  D̂ 4 = D̂ 2
4 2
B̂1 = F̂2 (ext ∠ of cyclic quad)  B̂ = F̂
1 2
 reason
Ĉ = M̂ 2
∴∆DBC | | | ∆DFM (∠; ∠; ∠)
 Ĉ = M̂ 2 or
(∠; ∠; ∠)
(4)
9.6 DM DC
= (∆DBC | | | ∆DFM) S
FM BC
5BC
=
BC  answer
= 5 (2)
[19]

QUESTION 10
10.1 A
h k
D E
B C
Construction: Join DC and BE and heights k and h  construction

1 area ΔADE AD
area ΔADE 2 .AD.k AD  =
= = (equal heights) area ΔDEB DB
area ΔDEB 1 .DB.k DB
2  reason
1 .AE.h area ΔADE AE
area ΔADE 2 AE  =
= = (equal heights) area ΔDEC EC
area ΔDEC 1 .EC.h EC
2
But Area ∆DEB = Area ∆DEC (same base, same height)  Area ∆DEB = Area
∆DEC (S/R)
area ΔADE area ΔADE 
∴ =
area ΔDEB area ΔDEC area ΔADE area ΔADE
=
AD AE area ΔDEB area ΔDEC
∴ =
DB EC
(6)

10.2.1 AB AC AB AC
= (Prop Th; BC | | ED)  = (S/R)
BE CD BE CD
1 3  substitution
=
3 CD
∴ CD = 9 units  answer
(3)
10.2.2 DG FD DG FD
= (Prop Th; FG | | EA)  = (S/R)
GA FE GA FE
9− x 3
=  substitution
3+ x 6
54 – 6x = 9 + 3x  simplification
–9x = –45
x=5  answer
(4)
10.2.3 In ∆ABC and ∆AED:
Â is common  Â is common
AB̂C = Ê (corres ∠s; BC | | ED)  AB̂C = Ê (S/R)
AĈB = D̂ (corres ∠s; BC | | ED)  AĈB = D̂ (S/R)
∆ABC | | | ∆AED (∠, ∠, ∠) or (∠; ∠; ∠)
BC AC BC AC
∴ =  =
ED AD ED AD
BC 3
=
9 12
1
BC = 2 units  answer
4
(5)
10.2.4 1  use of area rule
area ΔABC 2 AC.BC.sin AĈB
=  correct
area ΔGFD 1 GD.FD.sin D̂
2
sides and angles
1 1
(3)(2 ) sin D̂  substitution of
= 2 4 (corres ∠s; BC | | ED) values
1
(4)(3) sin D̂  sinAĈB = sinD̂
2
9 (S/R)
=  answer
16
(5)
[23]
TOTAL: 150
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This memorandum consists of 13 pages.

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4.1 M(–1 ; –1)  answer

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5.1.1 – sin α  reduction

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7.1 Draw CD ⊥ AB  construction

∴ b . sin A = a. sin B  b. sin A = a. sin B

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9.1 D̂ = Â = x (tan chord theorem)  Â = x

∴ Ê = 180° − (90° + 90° − 2 x) (sum of ∠s in ∆MDE)  Ê = 2 x

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Construction: Join DC and BE and heights k and h  construction

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